Physics Lab 2

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Dec 6, 2023

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Physics Lab 2 Names: Shri Patil, Ethan Pereira, Sean Kim, Jimmy Ding Introduction: In this experiment, we are determining the acceleration of the IOLab device as it is pushed up and down a ramp. We would like to see if our hypothesis, that the acceleration going up and down the ramp is the same, is correct. Multiple trials will be done to determine if our hypothesis is correct. This will take into account the basic kinematic equations that are used to describe the motion of an object in two dimensions. Additionally, we will also use the graph to identify the time at which the object is at the top of the ramp (v=0) in order for us to compare the motions of the IO Lab device going up and coming down. Hypothesis: The IOLab’s acceleration on the ramp is the same on the way up as it is on the way down. Methods Description of experiment (including pictures and/or diagrams) 1. Place two wooden blocks stacked on top of each other and place them under one side of the cardboard ramp (see picture below). 2. Connect the IO Lab Device to the computer and verify that data is being recorded with a test run of the device. 3. Place the IO Lab device in a front facing position (verify by looking at the back of it and making sure the positive y direction is facing towards the ramp) towards the ramp on the lower end of the ramp. 4. Hit the record button in the IO Lab software and give the IO Lab Device a small push up the ramp so that the IO Lab device goes up the ramp, stops at the upper end of the ramp, and comes back down. Hit stop in the software after the IO Lab comes back down. 5. Repeat step 4 three more times for three different trials. For each trial, collect data for the position, velocity, and acceleration. 6. When all data for all three trials have been collected, take the mean of the acceleration of the cart as it goes up and down the ramp. Compare these two mean values to determine if the hypothesis is correct.

Results Trial 1 Going up the Ramp Average Upwards Acceleration -1.719 m/s 2 Trial 1 Going Down the Ramp Average Downwards Acceleration -1.309 m/s 2 Ramp Two blocks for support IOLab Device

Trial 2 - Going up the ramp, Average Upwards Acceleration -1.622 m/s 2 Trial 2 - Going Down the ramp Average Downwards acceleration: -1.112 m/s 2

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Trial 3 Going up the ramp Average Upwards acceleration 1.624 m/s 2 Trial 3 Going Down the Ramp Average Downwards acceleration - 1.172 m/s 2

Analysis Average Acceleration going Upwards Average Acceleration going Downwards Trial 1 -1.719 m/s 2 -1.309 m/s 2 Trial 2 -1.622 m/s 2 -1.112 m/s 2 Trial 3 -1.624 m/s 2 - 1.172 m/s 2 Magnitude of Acceleration is the absolute value, therefore the Acceleration going up the ramp is faster than the acceleration going down the ramp.

Range of acceleration going upwards: 1.719 - 1.622 = 0.097 m/s 2 Standard Deviation of acceleration going upwards: 0.97/2 = +- 0.0485 m/s 2 Range of acceleration going downwards: 1.309 - 1.112 = 0.197 m/s 2 Standard Deviation of acceleration going downwards: 0.197/2 = +- 0.0985 m/s 2 Mean acceleration going upwards: (1.719 + 1.622 + 1.624)/3 = 1.655 m/s 2 Mean acceleration going downwards: (1.309 +1.112 + 1.172)/3 = 1.198 m/s 2 Discussion: Based on the data we have collected and the mean values of the acceleration going up and down the ramp, there is evidence that the acceleration traveling on the way up is larger than the acceleration on the way down. The absolute value of mean acceleration going up the ramp 1.655 m/s 2 is greater than the absolute value of mean acceleration going down the ramp 1.198 m/s 2 . Conclusion: By analyzing the mean and uncertainty of the acceleration data collected of the IO Lab Device’s travel on the way up and on the way down, we reject the hypothesis that its acceleration on the ramp is same on the way up as it is on the way down. The acceleration of the device moving down the ramp was less than when it was moving down the ramp. This is because the direction of kinetic friction is in the same direction as gravity as the device moves up the ramp. The two forces work together to accelerate the device down the ramp (slowing it down). As the device goes down the ramp, kinetic friction is opposite of gravity, pointing up the ramp. This decreases the total acceleration of the device because the net acceleration is the gravity vector down the ramp minus the kinetic friction vector up the ramp. Work done by each person: Shri: Introduction, Hypothesis, Methods, Conclusion Sean: Collection of Data, Analysis Ethan: Introduction, Methods, Conclusion Jimmy: Analysis, Conclusion

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