Chap 7 Examples

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Binghamton University *

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Physics

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Oct 30, 2023

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An electron is released from rest at the dot. Afterward, the electron A. Remains at the dot. B. Moves upward with steady speed. C. Moves upward with an increasing speed. D. Moves downward with a steady speed. E. Moves downward with an increasing speed. Poll 1

PP 1

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PP 1 (soln)

PP 2

PP 2 (soln)

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Positive charges with the indicated values (q is a positive number) are configured in a variety of ways as shown. The vertical and horizontal spacing between the charges are all the same. Rank the configurations from the one with the greatest stored potential energy to that with the least. PP 3

PP 3 (soln)

The electric field strength is 50,000 N/C inside a parallel-plate capacitor with a 2.0 mm spacing. A proton is released from rest at the positive plate. What is the change in the proton’s electric potential energy when it reaches the negative plate? PP 4

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A positive and a negative charge are released from rest in vacuum. They move toward each other. (Assume the potential was zero when they were infinitely far apart.) As they do: A. A positive potential energy becomes more positive. B. A positive potential energy becomes less positive. C. A negative potential energy becomes more negative. D. A negative potential energy becomes less negative. E. A positive potential energy becomes a negative potential energy. Poll 2

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What is an electron’s potential energy if the electron is put at these positions? PP 5

PP5 (soln) * scalar sum (not vector sum) What is an electron’s potential energy if the electron is put at these positions? or, using the unit “electron volt” (1 eV = 1.6x10 -19 J)

A +4.0 μC point charge and a -4.0 μC point charge are placed as shown in the figure. What is the potential difference, V A - V B , between points located at A and B? B A 0.40m 0.30m 0.30m PP 6

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A +4.0 μC point charge and a -4.0 μC point charge are placed as shown in the figure. What is the potential difference, V A - V B , between points located at A and B? B A 0.40m 0.30m PP 6 (soln)

PP 7 An interaction between two elementary particles causes an electron and a positron (a positive electron) to be shot out back to back with equal speeds. What minimum speed must each have when they are 100 fm apart in order to escape each other? 1 fm = 10 -15 m initial final 100 fm = 10 -13 m

PP7 (soln) An interaction between two elementary particles causes an electron and a positron (a positive electron) to be shot out back to back with equal speeds. What minimum speed must each have when they are 100 fm apart in order to escape each other? 1 fm = 10 -15 m initial final 9.1x10 -31 kg 100 fm = 10 -13 m 1.6x10 -19 C ≈ 5.0x10 7 m/s ≈17% of speed of light! (“escape speed” very high because electrostatic attraction is really strong between an electron and positron)

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PP 8

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PP 8 (soln)

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Two protons, one after the other, are launched from point 1 with the same speed. They follow the two trajectories shown. The protons’ speeds at points 2 and 3 are related by A. v 2 > v 3 . B. v 2 = v 3 . C. v 2 < v 3 . Parallel plate capacitor Hint: How do the potential energies U 2 and U 3 at points 2 and 3 compare? Poll 3 (soln) ࠾? equal! because same distance from source charge plate

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PP 9

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PP 9 (soln)

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PP10

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PP 11

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PP 11 (soln)

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The sketch shows cross-sections of equipotential surfaces between two charged conductors. Various points on the equipotential surfaces near the conductors are labeled A , B , C ,…, I . (a) At which of the labeled points will the electric field have the greatest magnitude? (b) What is the electric field at point B ? (c) At which of the labeled points will an electron have the greatest potential energy? PP 12

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