Archimedes’ Principle (1)

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Oct 30, 2023

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XXXX Lab Partners (Brenna Ashley & Ayi-Lissa Dotson) Physics 1101 Archimedes’ Principle 11/6/22
Purpose The Archimedes Principle states that an object immersed in liquid, either partially or wholly, exhibits an upward force equal in magnitude to the weight of the fluid it displaces. As a result, the objective of this lab is to verify this principle by using objects of varying masses suspended in fluid. Equipment Electronic laboratory balance Dial spring balance Metal object of unknown density Fluid of unknown density Graduated cylinder 500 ml beaker Laboratory support rods and clamps String Procedure Known Liquid For the known liquid water will be used (d = 1 g/cm³). Weigh the Vs Unknown Mass beaker to obtain its mass then fill the beaker with 175 ml of water and weigh the beaker again. This will give the weight of both the container and liquid. Next, set up the apparatus. Attach the mass to the string. Once attached, lower it into the water and record the reading off the balance and the dial scale reading. The dial scale weight is the tension in the string and the electronic balance applies to the beaker+water+mass object. A±er the readings, dry the mass and exchange it for your next mass. Repeat until the tables are finished. Known Mass Vs Obtain mystery liquid from the TA. Use your knowledge of the Unknown Liquid previous experiments to determine the unknown liquid’s density.
Data Tables Table 1 - Density of Liquid Measurements Table 2 - 50 g Table Table 3 - 100 g Table
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Table 4 - 200 g Table Mathematical Solutions Table 1 [Density of the liquid] 𝐷 = ?/? 167. 5 ? ÷ 175 ??³ = . 957? ÷ 1000 = 9. 57 * 10 −4 ??/?? −3 * 1, 000, 000 ?? 3 /? −3 = 957 ??/? 3 Table 2 [Density of the metal object] 𝐷 = ?/? 50 ?/10 ??³ = 5 ?/??³(1, 000, 000 ??³ ÷ ?³) = 5000 ??/?³ [Object (force sensor)] 𝐹 = ?? . 4 ?? ?/? 2 ÷ 9. 80 ?/? 2 = . 40??(1000?) = 40. 8? Table 3 [Density of the metal object] 𝐷 = ?/? 100 ?/15 ??³ = 6. 7 ?/??³(1, 000, 000 ??³ ÷ ?³) = 6700 ??/?³ [Object (force sensor)] 𝐹 = ?? . 9 ?? ?/? 2 ÷ 9. 80 ?/? 2 = . 092 ??(1000?) = 91. 8 ? Table 4 [Density of the metal object] 𝐷 = ?/? 200 ?/25 ??³ = 8 ?/??³(1, 000, 000 ??³ ÷ ?³) = 8000 ??/?³ [Object (force sensor)] 𝐹 = ?? 1. 8 ?? ?/? 2 ÷ 9. 80 ?/? 2 = . 184 ??(1000?) = 184?
Questions - Experiment 2 does not apply here, all answers are with regard to Table 2 1) Draw a free body diagram for the suspended metal object. 2) Using Newton’s 2nd Law, write an equation for the tension of the string in terms of the metal object’s mass, density, and the liquid’s density. ???? ?? ????? = ?ₒ ????𝑖?𝑦 ?? ????? = ρₒ ????𝑖?𝑦 ?? ?𝑖??𝑖? = ρ± / ????𝑖?𝑦 = ????/?????? ?????? = ????/????𝑖?𝑦 ?ₒ =?ₒ ρₒ ???𝑦??? ????? = ?±?ₒ? Σ𝐹 = ?? 𝑇 + ρ±?ₒ? = ?ₒ? 𝑇 + ρ±(?ₒ/ρₒ)? = ?ₒ? 𝑇 = ?ₒ? − ρ±(?ₒ/ρₒ)? 𝑇 = ?ₒ?(1 − ρ±/ρₒ) 3) Make a free-body diagram for the beaker. Be careful to include all forces.
4) Calculate the tension in the string by substituting your measurements into the equation derived above. How does this calculated value compare with the measured tension? 𝑇 = ?ₒ?(1 − ρ±/ρₒ) . 05 ?? × 9. 80?/? 2 (1 957 ??/? 3 ÷ 5000 ??/? 3 ) = . 396 𝑁 ~ . 4𝑁 Force Sensor = .4 N The calculated value is equal to the measured tension. 5) Apply Newton’s 2nd Law to the beaker and solve for the normal force. The normal force is the force on the beaker due to the balance and is equal to the reading on the electronic balance. 𝐹± = . 3032 ?? × 9. 80 ?/? 2 = 2. 971 𝑁 6) Calculate the normal force on the beaker by substituting your measurements in the equation. How does this calculated value compare with the balance reading? Electronic Balance Reading = 2.971 N Σ𝐹± = ?? 𝐹± = . 3032 ?? × 9. 80 ?/? 2 = 2. 971 𝑁 The calculated and measured normal force are exactly the same. 7) From your measurements of the metal object's weight, before and a±er immersion, determine the buoyant force on the object. Buoyant Force = convert to, ?±?ₒ? ρ±(?ₒ/ρₒ)? 957 ??/? 3 (. 05 ??/5000 ??/? 3 )9. 80 ?/? 2 = . 0937 𝑁 8) Using the volume of the metal object and the density of the fluid determine the weight of the fluid displaced. Is this value equal to the measured buoyant force? weight = mg volume of metal object = 1 x 10 ⁴m³ density of fluid = 957 kg/m³ If and Buoyant Force = then, Σ𝐹 = ?? ?±?ₒ? ?±?ₒ? = ?? (957 ??. ? 3 × 1 * 10 −4 ? 3 × 9. 80 ?/? 2 ) ÷ 9. 80 ?/? 2 = . 0958 The calculated and measured buoyant force are the same.
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Conclusion Over the course of this lab data was collected to ascertain the validity of the Archimedes Principle. Objects of varying masses were henceforth suspended in fluid in order to achieve this objective. Ultimately, minor differences between calculated and measured data brought about by formula derivation have deemed this lab successful.

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