Module 2 - Real-World Physics Discussion

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Nov 24, 2024

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1 Class, Gravity, what goes up, must come down. This statement is true. however, with enough horizontal velocity applied to the object, you may be able to keep that object up. For this week’s module discussion post am choosing to write about the concepts of orbits which can be found in Chapter 2.7 of Inquiry Into Physics, Eighth Edition by Vern J. Ostdiek, Donald J. Bord. According to our textbook an orbit is defined as the path of a body as it moves under the influence of a second body (Ostdlek & Bord, 2018). For an example, a satellite traveling in Earth's orbital path is influenced by the gravitational pull of Earth. For an orbit to happen, many conditions must be met to have a successful continuous orbital path. The concept of orbiting around Earth was successfully calculated and proven on October 4, 1957 with the launch of Sputnik 1 satellite into Earth’s orbital path (NASA Content Administrator, 2022). Orbits and orbital paths have been key physics concept that has impacted every space mission to date. Ever since the Sputnik 1 launch, humanity has been launching rockets with satellites into Earth's orbit. Luckily, the laws of orbital physics and Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation that every object exerts a gravitational pull on every other object. The force is proportional to the masses of both objects and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers, allowing us to place satellites in Earth’s orbit (Ostdlek & Bord, 2018). Since the force of gravity is weaker, the farther away the satellite gets from the Earth, the horizontal velocity is also decreased to maintain orbit. This allows many different placements of satellites, as depicted in the below image.
2 A great example of orbital physics is defined in the article published on Space.com about the Space X’s Starlink program. SpaceX launched its first 60 satellites into earths low orbit at 550 kilometers above Earth at fast horizontal velocity of one orbit per 90 mins. However, the distance from Earth is not fully outside of the atmosphere, therefore over time the satellites velocity will slow down due to drag and gravitational forces will pull that satellite back to Earth and burn up on reentry (Mann, Pultarova, & Howell, 2022). The concept of orbits is very important concept we will continue to calculate as humanity moves back into the space race to Mars. Reference Mann, A., Pultarova, T., & Howell, E. (2022, April). Starlink: Spacex's Satellite internet project . Retrieved from Space.com: https://www.space.com/spacex-starlink-satellites.html NASA Content Administrator. (2022). Sputnik 1 . Retrieved from Nasa: https://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/imagegallery/image_feature_924.html Ostdlek, V. J., & Bord, D. J. (2018). Inquiry into Physics. Boston: Cengage Learning.
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