Module 6- Real-World Physics Discussion

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Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University *

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102

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Physics

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Nov 24, 2024

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docx

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3

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1 Class, For this week’s module, discussion post, I am choosing to write about the topics of the Doppler effect and echolocation which can be found in chapter 6.2 of Inquiry Into Physics . According to our textbook, the Doppler effect is the apparent change in frequency of a wave due to the motion of the source of the wave, the receiver, or both, while echolocation is the process of using the reflection of a wave to locate an object in the given environment (Ostdiek & Bord, 2018). Sonar (sound navigation and ranging) this topic is not found in our textbook. However, it does highly rely on the use of the Doppler effect and echolocation. Sonar is used in everyday maritime operations for boats and submarines to understand the environment around them so they can safely navigate and avoid collisions in the waters. Sonar uses sound waves that can penetrate through the water’s density, unlike radio and light waves (NOAA, 2021). There are two types of sonar, active and passive. Active sonar uses echolocation by actively pinging a sound wave through water and then listening for the echo of that sound waver reflecting off an object like that of a bat or a whale. Passive sonar does not use a pinging but relies on listening to the Doppler effect of sound waves that are produced by an object in order to calculate where the sound is coming from and what the sound may be.
2 The physics concepts of the Doppler effect and echolocation are very important to the successful operation of a submarine in unknown waters. Without these two concepts, the United States Navy would not be able to perform its duties at sea. Submarines are designed with a highly tuned sonarsphere which is made up will thousands of hydrophones to detect sound waves in the ocean. The ray of the hydrophones can precisely determine the range and bearing of an object, producing a sound based on the frequency and pitch. Below is an image of sonarsphere and active sonar emitters on a submarine. Additionally, attached is an episode of Smarter Every Day that explains in-depth on the topic of how submarines can “see” underwater.
3 So far, with what topics we have learned in the course, what do you think allows submarines to be undetectable to nearby ships that are actively hunting them? Reference NOAA. (2021). What is Sonar? Retrieved from National Ocean Service: https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/sonar.html Ostdiek, V. J., & Bord, D. J. (2018). Inquiry into Physics. Boston: Cengage Learning.
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