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Jun 19, 2024

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Name: Chelsey Moore Date: 6.11.24 Lab 04 – Phases of the Moon Background Material Introduction to Moon Phases Q1. Is there a dark side of the Moon? (This is a “yes/no” question, but you must explain your reasoning.) Answer : Yes, but it isn’t always dark. We just only always see one side because of it’s rotation around Earth. The other side of the moon actually see two weeks in sunlight each month. Q2. How many days does it take the Moon to complete one cycle of phases? Answer : about 29 days Q3. If you see a full moon today, what phase would you see one week later? Answer : waning gibbous Q4. If you see a full moon today, what phase would you see one month later? Answer : it will be full again Q5. Some words in astronomy have similar meanings in everyday usage. Match the following definitions to the words below by typing/copying the definition next to the word.  convex or rounded  increasing in size, quantity, or intensity  decreasing in magnitude or importance Answers : o waning = decreasing in magnitude or importance o gibbous = convex or rounded o waxing = increasing in size, quantity, or intensity Q6. During a lunar eclipse, the moon passes through Earth’s shadow. How often does this actually occur? Answer : 2 to 4 times a year

Q7. The figure below shows sketches of the moon’s appearance over a four-week period. Identify the phases and put them in the correct order (enter your answers cells of the table below the figure). One phase is labeled for you. Figure 1 Answers : Picture Order Phase Picture Order Phase A 3 Waning cresent D 4 First quarter B 1 waning gibbous E 5 waxing gibbous C 6 Full moon F 2 Third quarter Time of Day Use the interactive diagram at the bottom of the page to determine the direction of the Earth’s rotation when viewed from above the North Pole. [Hint: rotate the observer – the stick figure – to the noontime position, then sunset position, then midnight position, and finally back to the sunrise position.] Q8. When viewed from above the North Pole, does the Earth rotate clockwise or counterclockwise? Answer : clockwise Rising and Setting Q9. When the moon crosses the western side of the horizon plane, is it rising or setting? Answer :

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Q10. When the moon crosses the eastern side of the horizon plane, is it rising or setting? Answer : rising The Witness and the Detective Q11. If we know the moon’s position in the sky and its phase, we can estimate the __________. Answer : the time Lunar Phases Simulator [ Before completing the table below, be sure to read the descriptions of the simulator controls provided in the instructions for this lab! Then practice using the simulator .] Q12. Each row in the table on the next page shows a diagram of the Earth – Moon system. For each diagram, find the time of the lunar cycle (in days and hours) at that position, its phase, and its percent illumination. [Orientation of the sunlight is important. You may find it helpful to print the next page containing the table diagrams, so that you can rotate it and hold it next to the screen to check your answers.] Proceed to the next page.

Moon Geometry Time in Phase Phase Percent Illumination 11 days 9 hrs waxing gibbous 88% 24days 12hrs Waning cresent 25.5% 3 days 10hrs Waxing cresent 12.9% 18 days 16hrs Waxing gibbous 83.3% 7 days 9 hrs First Quarter 50.3%

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