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How far should humans be allowed to proceed with artificial intelligence?
Ethical Rogerian Argument Essay
Karla M Salinas
Liberty University
ENGL101-D02
11/27/23
2
How far should humans be allowed to proceed with artificial intelligence?
Introduction
For years, the science fiction on artificial intelligence has been stirring a tremendous
debate in circles ranging from business to religion. As scientists explore avenues to create
artificial intelligence (AI), the conversation has only increased in excitement. In particular,
humans have a moral obligation to allow AI to progress (How far should artificial intelligence be
allowed to go, 2020). The ethical implications of this discussion are not new but remain an
ongoing debate for future generations.
The consensus is that AI will benefit humanity, but many point out the problems that may
arise in the future. Though risks are always involved in anything, laws must be set in place for
those who wish to explore the possibilities of these technologies
according to Buiten (2019)
. The
focus of this essay will be on whether or not humanity should be allowed to proceed with
artificial intelligence in any capacity from its inception.
Background
Psychotherapist Carl Rogers first coined artificial intelligence (AI), but the concept is
much more ancient. Translated from the Greek as "intelligence of soul" or "mind of the human
brain," AI has always been a part of our cultural background
(Buiten, 2019)
. Ancient civilizations
created scripts to aid in translation, wrote poetry, and even recorded historical events with the aid
of intelligence. The ancient Greeks used machines to help move stones and soot for fuel instead
of relying solely on muscle power. This was one example of how humans could extend their
intellectual powers by creating other types of equipment that used human intelligence rather than
raw muscle power when performing work. The emergence of artificial intelligence is a focal
point of many conversations on subjects as varied as ethics, theology, and economics.
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The development of robots and robotics has also created unprecedented debate regarding
the role that humanity will play in their creation
(Buiten, 2019)
. As our abilities to create robots
have increased, so has the possibility that they will one day develop artificial consciousness. This
may be another area where there are concerns for humanity's future. While many argue that we
should allow AI to advance freely without restriction, others believe that humans should not be
allowed to create AI because it is a direct threat to human life.
Ethical analysis
Ethics is often defined as "the study and practice of what is good and bad, right and
wrong." From this definition, the broadest term would be what suits humans or society. A natural
question to ask is whether AI would be a benefit or a hazard to humans and our societies. In the
case of robots, the response may seem elementary because the result depends on how we
approach their creation
(Shneiderman, 2020)
. If we create AI for specific purposes that directly
oppose humanity's best interests, then there is no doubt that it will eventually become a problem.
The common ground, as required by the Rogerian model of argument
From the Rogerian model argument, we should allow AI to develop freely to progress
and advance technology. People may argue that advancing the world through technological
advancement is a good thing in transforming the world (How far should artificial intelligence be
allowed to go, 2020). Still, more is needed to explicitly answer the question of whether or not we
should develop technologies for the sake of advancing them. Progression depends on what
advancements are being made instead of how they are advanced. Even if these advancements in
AI are directed at benefiting humanity, there is still a risk involved for those responsible for its
creation.
Benefits of Artificial intelligence
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The advancement of Artificial intelligence (AI) can benefit humanity in many ways (How
close are we to AI that surpasses human intelligence, 2023). As AI becomes more advanced, it
could create hospitals with greater accuracy and lower costs, cars that drive themselves without
accidents and economic tools that aid in the fight against poverty
(Shneiderman, 2020)
. The
possibilities are endless as the technology remains untouched by human hands. There will always
be concern about possible future ramifications when developing AI for specific purposes, such as
war or medical applications (How far should artificial intelligence be allowed to go, 2020). New
AI vaccines could be used to upgrade deadly viruses into organisms that humans can handle, and
more efficient algorithms could make it possible for robots to become fully autonomous without
human intervention. Humans will always remain superior to AI, so there is no need for
restrictions based on what benefits may be derived from them as long as it does not harm society.
Opposing arguments
There are many opposing views on the advancement of artificial intelligence. Some
contend that the general purpose of AI is to become a threat to humanity and must be stopped to
protect the human species. “AI has also lost employment opportunities for many people”
(Coeckelbergh (2020)
. Technology has replaced many jobs, and scientists continue to look for
ways to maximize this trait (How far should artificial intelligence be allowed to go, 2020).
Another opposing argument is that AI will never be able to develop accurate intelligence when it
cannot create or understand its environment. A human child must be born, raised, and educated
by humans before it is capable of functioning independently. These fundamentals are necessary
for non-human intelligence to progress.
According to Coeckelbergh (2020), ‘The effects of
decisions or actions based on AI are often the result of countless interactions among many actors,
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including designers, developers, users, software, and hardware…. With distributed agency comes
distributed responsibility’ (Coeckelbergh, 2020).
Conclusion
In summary, a debate on whether or not individuals should allow the development and
advancement of artificial intelligence should continue in an accessible manner. Ultimately, it
depends on how these advancements are used and what they potentially do to our world in the
future. In human legal terms, individuals must develop AI laws that protect the safety and well-
being of all persons involved. The main focus should be on whether or not there will inevitably
be a conflict between robots and humans in the future when robots have been developed for
specific tasks such as war. Even though further in-depth studies are needed, there is no doubt that
AI needs to be controlled or limited by law. Therefore, government agencies must be allowed to
operate within strict guidelines, and individuals should only be able to use their unlimited
imagination and create advanced robots with proper supervision and oversight.
Reference
6
Buiten, M. C. (2019). Towards intelligent regulation of artificial intelligence.
European Journal
of Risk Regulation
,
10
(1), 41-59.
Coeckelbergh, M. (2020). Artificial intelligence, responsibility attribution, and a relational
justification of explainability.
Science and engineering ethics
,
26
(4), 2051-2068.
How close are we to AI that surpasses human intelligence? (2023, July 18). Brookings.
https://www.brookings.edu/articles/how-close-are-we-to-ai-that-surpasses-human-
intelligence/
How far should artificial intelligence be allowed to go? (2020, November 4). Majorel.
https://www.majorel.com/future-customer/science-and-research/how-far-should-artificial-
intelligence-be-allowed-to-go/
Shneiderman, B. (2020). Human-centered artificial intelligence: Reliable, safe &
trustworthy.
International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction
,
36
(6), 495-504.
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