TEST 4
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School
Suffolk County Community College *
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Course
101
Subject
Philosophy
Date
Jan 9, 2024
Type
docx
Pages
2
Uploaded by murij26
Jose Murillo
Short Answer Questions
1. What was Aristotle trying to accomplish by formalizing
logical arguments?
Aristotle's main goal was to make the language more precise by
formalizing logical arguments.
2. How did Boole advance the work of Aristotle?
Boole created mathematical logic from the propositional logic created by
Aristotle. It is also known as the algebra of logic, making logic within
itself even more precise.
3. What is the difference between inductive and deductive
reasoning?
Inductive reasoning starts with a specific observation that leads to a
GENERAL conclusion. On the other hand, Deductive reasoning begins
with generally accepted facts and leads to a SPECIFIC conclusion.
4. What were Frege, Russell, and Whitehead trying to
accomplish?
They were all trying to achieve the Holy grail of Mathematics. Which
was the belief that mathematics could be developed from logic alone;
since math is the foundation of all other quantitive subjects, this implies
the world is based on logic.
5. What is the difference between a valid and a sound
argument?
A Valid Argument is an argument in which the conclusion follows from
the premises; otherwise, it is invalid. Meanwhile, a sound argument is a
valid argument with true premises.
6. What is Kurt Gödel’s Incompleteness Theorem, and what
are some of its implications?
Kurt Gödel’s incompleteness theory states that in any reasonable
mathematical system, there will always be true statements that cannot be
proved. His premise was to ensure that it is understood that arithmetic
and mathematics are incomplete overall. Therefore we will be unable to
truly find a complete answer to the problems we are trying to solve.
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