Week 5 Journal
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Lone Star College System, Woodlands *
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Course
347
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Philosophy
Date
Jan 9, 2024
Type
docx
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Uploaded by caithomasadn
Week 5 Journal
Caitlin Thomas
Chamberlain University
Phil 347: Critical Reasoning
Dr. Barkauskas
December 3, 2023
Week 5 Assignment: Journal Self-Regulation Self-regulation pertains to the capability of an individual to manage their emotions, thoughts, and behaviors to respond appropriately to a given situation. For instance, if someone is feeling agitated, they may employ self-regulation techniques like counting to ten and taking a few deep breaths to calm down before responding to the issue at hand.
Sytem-1 and System-2
System 2 thinking is a logical and deliberate thought process that takes more time to conclude. Conversely, System 1 thinking is an unconscious and speedy thought process that relies on intuition. System 1 thinking can be useful when the solution to a problem is already known, whereas System 2 thinking is better suited for situations where the right response is not immediately evident or when the situation is not familiar (Facione & Gittens, 2016). For routine tasks that require little thought, such as eating a snack when hungry, System 1 thinking is sufficient. However, for activities that require more attention or are unexpected, such as patient goals and outcomes, System 2 thinking is more beneficial.
Heuristics
Heuristics are shortcuts in our thought process that we use to make quick decisions. However, these shortcuts do not guarantee that we will not make mistakes in our judgment. Heuristics play a constant role in the decisions we make every day. For instance, when deciding on a hairstyle for work, I often choose to throw my hair in a bun that looks acceptable without spending much time combing or styling my hair. Although this heuristic saves me time, it does not always lead to the best outcome. I’m sure with a little more effort a braid or high ponytail might be a little more becoming, yet still professional.
Dominance Structuring
People tend to develop thinking habits called "dominance structuring". It involves giving priority to information that supports established beliefs while minimizing information that contradicts them (Facione & Gittens, 2016). Due to dominance structuring, critical thinking can be hindered as it increases the risk of confirmation bias. During heated discussions with people, I
have noticed that I sometimes fall into the trap of dominance structuring. I sometimes tend to have the habit of searching out information to confirm my own bias and dismiss information that contradicts my beliefs. Particularly during the emergence of COVID-19 and discussing the disease with laypersons, while I was deep into my microbiology and pathology classes. To have more open discussions with people, it is important to recognize that I have this habit and work to break it. Cognitive Bias
Cognitive bias, which is the tendency to think erroneously or hold prejudiced beliefs, can have detrimental effects on decision-making. However, by ensuring decision-makers have access
to accurate and dependable information, possess a comprehensive understanding of the data, and have a firm grasp of the facts, cognitive bias can be minimized in System-1 thinking. This can lead to more informed and objective decision-making, ultimately resulting in better outcomes.
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References:
Facione, P. & Gittens, C. (2016). Think critically (3rd ed.). Boston: Pearson