Exam 1 Review (Ethics) (1)

Exam 1 (Practice) Name:___ Cat Muravsky _____________ Section 1 : Use the list of authors to fill in the chart below. (22 points total / 2 per) Authors: Sparrow, Huemer x2, Marnaffe, LaFollette, van den Haag, Nathanson, (1) Topic For Against Gun Laws – We should have stricter gun control laws LaFollette Huemer Death Penalty – It is justified? Van den Haag Nathanson Automation – killer robots ever permissible? Sparrow Drug Legalization – It is justified? Huemer Marnaffe Section 2: Indicate whether the statement is true or false. (22 points total / 2 per) (2) Two aims of moral theories are (i) specifying which features make certain acts right (or wrong) and (ii) offering practical guidance for how we might arrive at correct (or justified) moral judgments about what acts are right/wrong/bad/good True / False (3) Principles of right action (value) give an account of what is extrinsically valuable ( intrinsically) True / False (4) According to Consequentialism, an action is right just in case its consequences would be at least as good as the consequences of any alternative action that agent might instead perform True / False (5) According to utilitarianism, the person near the switch should activate it and save the 5 while sacrificing the 1 in the original trolley example. True / False (6) According to Kantianism, the person near the man on the bridge should not push (and kill him) in order to save the other five individuals in the “Bridge” trolley example. True / False (7) According to Kantianism, it is always wrong to treat someone as a mere means. True / False Section 3: Indicate the best possible answer among the multiple choices. (12 points total / 2 per)

(8) Consequentialist theories are… (a) Value-based (b) Comparative (c) Maximizing (d) All of the above (9) According to the hedonist theory of value, ____________ is intrinsically valuable (a) Pleasure (b) Achievement (c) Virtue (d) Friendship (10) According to Kantianism, the following things are examples of treating someone as a mere means. (a) Using threats of violence or physical force to make someone to do something (b) Lying to someone to get them to act in a way that you want (c) Asking for consent before treating them in a certain way (d) A and B Section 4: Indicate whether the statement is true or false. (10 points total / 2 per) (11) According to Nyholm, drivers of self-driving cars are at least partly responsible for crashes, since the drivers occupy a position of authority. True / False (12) Sparrow claims that using automated robots will result in an unjust war, and so we should avoid using them. True / False (13) van den Haag focuses primarily on the deterrence function of punishment as justifying the death penalty. True / False (14) Huemer claims that prohibitionists are inconsistent in banning some harmful activities, but not others. True / False (15) LaFollette argues that the right to own a gun is (not) a fundamental right because not everyone is interested in them. True / False Section 5: Indicate the best possible answer among the multiple choices. (24 points total / 2 per)

(d) All of the above (21) According to Huemer, the right to own a gun is a right that is… (a) Absolute (b) Prima Facie (c) Exceptionless (d) All of the above (22) According to Huemer, a gun ban would be impermissible if… (a) There is a prima facie right to own a gun (b) A gun ban would be a serious rights violation (c) The harms caused by individuals exercising their right to own firearms are not many times greater than the benefits. (d) All of the above Section 6: Indicate the best possible answer among the multiple choices. (10 points total / 2.5 per) Sparrow: “It is a minimal expression of respect due to our enemy — if war is going to be governed by morality at all — that someone should accept responsibility, or be capable of being held responsible, for the decision to take their life. If we fail in this, we treat our enemy like vermin, as though they may be exterminated without moral regard at all. The least we owe our enemies is allowing that their lives are of sufficient worth that someone should accept responsibility for their deaths. Similarly, their grieving relatives are entitled to an answer as to why they died, which includes both knowing who is responsible and what their reasons were.” (23) In this passage, what is primary point of this paragraph? (a) Presenting a premise of the author’s argument. (b) Presenting a conclusion of the author’s argument. (c) Presenting a premise of an argument that the author does not accept. (d) Presenting a conclusion of an argument that the author does not accept. (24) In this passage, the author’s overall aim is to…

(a) Provide the author’s argument (or some part of it at least) in favor of his (or her) position. (b) Provide an argument (or some part of it at least) offered by an opponent of the author’s position. (c) Provide an objection to the author’s argument. (d) Provide a counterexample to an opponent’s argument. Extra Q’s from Class - Marneffe’s position on drugs is PROHIBITION-DECRIMINALIZATION - Haag’s premises include that if death penalty deters murderers from murdering it is morally justified (A maybe) Midterm survey extra credit on canvas