Worksheet4 (2) (1)
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School
Pima Community College *
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Course
MISC
Subject
Philosophy
Date
Dec 6, 2023
Type
docx
Pages
6
Uploaded by ChiefDolphin3008
Assignment 4 Submission Form
Do NOT open this form in any application other than Microsoft Word.
Otherwise, your form will not be accepted. You are required to install
and use Microsoft Word for this course. You have free access through
PCC, as described in my announcement on D2L.
You must submit this form (
in docx format), and you must submit
ONLY this one form. If you try to submit more than one item, only the
most recent item will be saved.
You may not change, add, or remove
any content on this form other than to add your answers in the spaces
provided.
1. Is health care a human right or a privilege? When I come into this
world, do I have a human right to get the health care I need when I
need it, or do I have to work for it? How do we decide on the answer
to this question as individuals and as a community? What is our
reference point? That is, do we use "common sense?" The Scripture?
Other countries? The Constitution? Logic?
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I believe healthcare is a human right. When human beings come into this
world, they have a human right to get the health care they need when
they need it. Depending on the community, nation, or political system in
which the third question is being posed, the response may differ. For
instance, in the United States, political ideology and constitutional
principles are frequently used to frame the discussion of whether access
to healthcare is a right or a privilege.
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In the end, deciding whether healthcare is a privilege or a human right
necessitates taking into account a variety of issues, such as ethical
precepts and economic realities. Based on their distinct viewpoints and
ideals, various people and cultures may reach different judgments. here
to enter text.
2. What is health disparity? What causes it?
The term "health disparity" describes the variations in health outcomes among
various groups of individuals. These distinctions may be based on a number of
variables, including race, ethnicity, gender, socioeconomic status, place of
residence, age, and level of handicap. Disparities in sickness, death, and access
to healthcare services are some examples of how health disparities occur.
3. What is justice? State your definition and provide an example.
What is the relationship between justice and bioethics?
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Justice is the fair and equitable allocation of resources, opportunities,
and rewards in society is a moral principle. People and groups must be
treated equally and without prejudice, and everyone must have access to
the same opportunities and resources.
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The provision of COVID-19 vaccines could be cited as an example of
justice. There have been issues with vaccine distribution equity in various
nations, with some people receiving immunizations more readily than
others. No matter their financial background, race, or other
considerations, everyone would have equal access to the vaccine under a
just distribution system.
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Justice is one of the fundamental principles in bioethics that serves as a
guide for moral judgment.
4a. In your own words, state why you think there is a current health
disparity in the United States.**
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I think there is a current health disparity in the United States because of
structural racism, cultural/ linguistic barriers, and limited access to health
care.
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Structural racism: People of color have worse health outcomes than
white Americans, which is one of the main causes of health inequalities.
Racism can take various forms, including exposure to environmental
toxins, prejudice in healthcare settings, and limited access to healthcare
treatments.
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Cultural/ linguistic barriers: Due to language issues or a lack of cultural
competency on the part of healthcare practitioners, people from specific
cultural and linguistic backgrounds may find it challenging to access
healthcare services. I can personally relate to linguistic barriers. I have no
trouble explaining my concerns to the medical professionals during my
family's yearly checkups, but my mother has trouble speaking and
understanding English, especially when it is said to her very quickly. And I
can't always be there for her to help her tell her doctor about her health
issues. This can become stressful for everyone involved if the doctors
interpret what my mom was trying to express incorrectly, which could
result in serious issues.
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Limited access to health care: Basic healthcare services like preventative
treatment and regular examinations are sometimes unavailable to many
Americans. Undiagnosed and untreated health issues may occur as a
result, and they may get worse over time.
4b. Is there an ethical dilemma associated with health disparity? In
other words, is it unethical for a society to have health disparity and
not work toward fixing it? If so, why?
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Yes, there is an ethical dilemma associated with health disparity.
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First and foremost, everyone should have equitable access to healthcare
and the chance to live a healthy life since health is a fundamental human
right. Due to health disparities, some people or communities experience
worse health outcomes than others, which can limit their access to
opportunities and lower their quality of life. This goes against the idea of
justice, which calls for an equitable distribution of opportunities and
resources.
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Second, socioeconomic determinants of health like racism, prejudice, and
poverty are frequently linked to health disparities. These elements affect
health inequities and are frequently the outcome of structural injustices.
We continue these systemic inequalities, which are already unfair and
unethical, by failing to address health disparities.
-
Therefore, eradicating health inequities and fostering health equity are
morally required for society. This necessitates addressing the underlying
systemic causes of health disparities and guaranteeing fair access to the
resources for a healthy life, such as healthcare.
**If you don't believe there is a health disparity in the United States,
complete steps c and d below:
4c. Find a person who does believe health disparity exists, and
interview them for questions 3, 4, and 5. Make sure you let the
person know the interview is for your class assignment. How do the
views of your interviewee differ from yours? Your answers must be
in your own words. If you want to quote your interviewee, feel free
to do so but make sure you give them credit.
Click or tap here to enter text.
4d. Explain to your interviewee your reasons to for why you don't
believe there is a health disparity in the United States. Here, you
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want to present an argument with premises and a conclusion.
Convince us (me and the person you are interviewing) why you don't
believe there is a health disparity.
Click or tap here to enter text.
5. If you agree that there is a health disparity in the United State and
you described why such disparity is unethical, do you think the
medical community is doing enough to reduce the disparity gap?
Where does the responsibility fall and why?
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The medical community has been attempting to close the gap after
realizing how important it is to address health inequities. There is still a
long way to go, though. Healthcare professionals need to be more aware
of the causes of health disparities as well as the specialized requirements
of their patients, especially those from underserved and marginalized
populations. Reducing health disparities is a shared responsibility of the
medical community, government, and society at large. The medical
community can take action by expanding access to healthcare services,
strengthening cultural competency training for healthcare professionals,
and improving patient health education. The core causes of health
disparities, such as poverty and a lack of access to healthy food options,
can be addressed by policymakers through the implementation of policies
and the allocation of resources. Attempts to lessen health inequities can
be supported and advocated for by society as a whole.
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In order to eliminate health disparities and guarantee that everyone has
access to equitable healthcare, it is crucial for all stakeholders to
collaborate.
6. Propose a solution to the health disparity problem including a
timeline and feasibility (how practical the solution is). This should be
your own solution and in your own words. If you are interviewing a
person, make sure you explain your interviewee's solution in the
words of your interviewee. If you want to quote your interviewee,
feel free to do so but make sure you credit your interviewee. Keep
your answer to #5 to 300 words.
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I have a few solutions to address the problems of health disparities.
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Many residents of low-income areas reside in "food deserts," which are
areas with few options for healthful meals. People can improve their diets
and lower their risk of developing chronic diseases by expanding access to
healthier food options. The following three years might be used to
provide incentives for grocery shops and farmers' markets to open in food
deserts. -
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Many residents of low-income areas lack access to primary care doctors.
These people can access preventative care, chronic illness management,
and other healthcare services by boosting financing for community health
clinics. This idea might be implemented over the course of the next five
years by providing extra funds to community health centers.
-
Many residents of low-income areas lack understanding about leading
healthy lives and preventing chronic diseases. People can learn about
good dietary practices, the value of exercise, and the risks of smoking and
binge drinking by expanding public health education. This strategy might
be implemented over the course of the following two years by starting a
public health education campaign.
For part B of this assignment, write a one-page reflection on this
assignment. Did the assignment challenge your views? Did you learn
anything new you didn't know before? (9 points)
Click or tap here to enter text.
Make sure you proofread your work and cite your work if you use
any outside references.
Reflection
I always knew the healthcare system in the United States had many flaws
of its own. It can be very difficult to resolve all of them at once and it can be
especially hard when society is faced with laws and regulations that limit access to
quality healthcare services. Because of this, there are higher rates of chronic
diseases, higher rates of morbidity & mortality, reduced quality of life, and many
more.
I don’t think this assignment necessarily challenged my views however, I
was able to do further research and a deep dive into the various problems
Americans face all over the nation. According to the article, Key Data on Health
and Health Care by Race and Ethnicity, “Nonelderly AIAN (21%) and Hispanic
(19%) people were more than twice as likely as their White counterparts (7%) to
be uninsured as of 2021”((Artiga et al., 2023)). This goes to show that certain
populations, such as low-income people, members of racial and ethnic minorities,
and rural communities, might be disproportionately affected by health disparities,
placing an unfair burden on these groups.
Overall, I learned many new things about health disparities such as ethical
dilemmas associated with health disparities. The biggest issue associated with
moral dilemmas in health disparities is the concept of justice's violation. Health
disparities cause unequal access to medical care and poor health outcomes,
frequently along racial, ethnic, socioeconomic, and other social determinants of
health lines. As a result, there is an unfair scenario where certain people or groups
have better access to healthcare and consequently have better health results, but
others have less access and have worse outcomes. This goes against the justice
principle, which states that everyone should have equal access to healthcare and
opportunities to be healthy.
Works Cited
Artiga, S., Hill, L., and Ndugga, N. (2023) Key Data on Health and Health
Care by Race and Ethnicity, KFF. Available at:
https://www.kff.org/racial-
equity-andhealth-policy/report/key-data-on-health-and-health-care-by-race-and-
ethnicity/#top (Accessed: April 23, 2023).
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