JUST 314 ch 5&6 RETEST
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COLBERT
JUST 314
NAME___Zackery Newman
_______
Ethics in Criminal Justice
EXAM 3, Fall 2018
DATE____________________________
Chapters 5 & 6
Each question is worth 2 points each.
RETEST
1.
There is a _MORAL FORCE
________________________ behind the law that varies in
strength depending on the conduct in question.
2.
The ___CONSENSUS VIEW
__________________________ holds that the criminal law
reflects society’s consensus that a behavior is harmful enough to merit government
prohibition.
3.
Crimes of ___VIOLENCE
____________ and theft possess a strong social consensus
regarding their harmfulness.
4.
The conflict view holds that a behavior is criminalized only when it serves the interests of
those in positions of __POWER
___________.
5.
Drinking in public, playing loud music, loitering and urinating in public are all examples
of __QUALITY OF LIFE
_________________________ offenses.
6.
It is important to understand that society ___FORFEITS
____________ some liberties to
protect itself.
7.
It is important that laws are specific and that average citizens are able to understand what
act is ___LEGAL
__________________.
8.
The ___CLASSICAL SCHOOL
____________________ of thought in criminology sees
crime as the result of the conscious exercise of an individual’s free will.
9.
According to ___POSITIVISM
___________________ (not a person), human behavior is
determined by internal and external influences.
10. The ____ETHICAL
______________ view sees crime as a moral failure in decision
making.
11. The _STRUCTURAL
_________________ approach believes that poor behavior/law
breaking is caused by political and economic conditions which promote a culture of
1
COLBERT
competitive individualism in which individual fain becomes more important than social
good.
12. ___KOHLBERG’S
____________________ Theory of moral development holds that
people progress in their moral reasoning through a series of stages.
13. The above theorist claimed that these stages are universal to all people that they operate
in __SEQUENCE
______________ and they are not reversible.
14. The Pre-Conventional stage of development consists of hedonistic self-interests,
maximizing ___PLEASURE
____________.
15. The __CONVENTIONAL
___________________ stage consists of conformity to social
rules and considering consequences affecting others.
16. The ___POST CONVENTIONAL
________________________ stage consists of
universal moral principles internalized beyond what society requires; building from
respecting the rights of others beyond what is required to acting in accord with universal
principles of justice, reciprocity, quality, and respect.
17. Carol Gilligan’s ethics of caring consists of an orientation toward ___SELF
___________,
and personal survival.
18. Another part of Gilligan’s Ethics of Caring is goodness as self-sacrifice which means that
taking care of others is more important than ____PERSONAL
___________ needs.
19. According to Gilligan, caring for self and others consists of care as a universal
___OBLIGATION
____________, requiring embracing principles of nonviolence, non-
exploitation, and avoiding hurt more generally.
20. __POLICE OFFICERS
__________ are the gatekeepers of the Criminal Justice System.
21. A great deal of attention has been given to the role of police in society as they determine
the balance between order and __APPREHENDING CRIME SUSPECTS
___________.
22. The decision made by the police are determined and guided by legal terms of the ___U.S.
CONSTITUTION
____________________.
23. Investigation, interrogation, searches, seizures and arrests are all guided by
___CRIMINAL
__ law.
24. The first 10 Amendments contained in the U.S. Constitution are referred to as The
_____BILL OF RIGHTS____.
2
COLBERT
Match the collect letter with the corresponding amendment.
Place the letter on the line next to
the matching amendment.
Answe
r
Question #
Amendmen
t
*Place correct letter in answer column
C
25
1
st
a.
The housing/quartering of soldiers
J
26
2
nd
b.
Protection of right to life, liberty and property
A
27
3
rd
c.
Freedom of speech, religion, press and
assembly
H
28
4
th
d.
Undelegated powers kept by the State and the
people
B
29
5
th
e.
Rights of the accused in criminal cases
E
30
6
th
f.
Uphold other rights of the people in
Constitution
I
31
7
th
g.
Protection against excessive bail and
unreasonable punishments
G
32
8
th
h.
Protection from unreasonable searches and
seizures
F
33
9
th
i.
Rights in civil cases
D
34
10
th
j.
The right to bear arms
35.
_____TERRY V. OHIO___
was the case that established the legal authority and limits for a
stop and frisk.
36. The U.S. Supreme Court distinguished between a stop and an arrest and between a frisk and a
search.
A search is an exploration for ____FIREARMS
___.
37. __UTILITARIANISM
_____ is based on the outcome of an action and we do not know what
in advance in many cases.
38.
A police officer may ask themselves, “given a particular set of circumstances, would
conducting a stop and frisk be a good universal rule?”
Under the system of
__FORMALISM
_______, that would be a good question to ask is the law’s application was
unclear.
39. Individuals are protected against unreasonable searches and seizures without a warrant
specifying ____PROBABLE CAUSE
________; excluding any exceptions.
40. Of the three forms of police corruption, ____NONFEASANCE
____ is a failure to perform a
legal duty.
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COLBERT
41. Failure to perform a legal duty in a proper manner is considered __MISFEASANCE
______,
another form of police corruption.
42.
The outright commission of an illegal act is called ___MALFEASANCE
____, when
referring to police corruption.
43.
__POLICE CORRUPTION
______ is misuse of authority for personal gain.
44.
The important elements of police corruption are…
a. THE ILLEGAL ACTS OR OMISSIONS
_______________________________
b. OCCUR WHILE THE OFFICER IS ON DUTY
________________
c. THE INTENT TO RECEIVE A REWARD FOR THESE ACTS
_____
45.
The most common incidents of lying by police occur when it is seen as necessary to
perform__LEGITIMATE
____ police actions, such as undercover operations where police must
like to maintain their cover.
46.
Police are sometimes encouraged to lie when performing a/an ____INTRROGATION____
in order to obtain more information.
47.
_____FORMALISM
_____ would see all lies as unethical.
48.
____UTILITARIANISM
_______ would weigh the harm to the suspect by lying against the
good produced by the evidence obtained from the lie.
49.
____CODES OF ETHICS
_____________ are designed to promote thoughtful and
professional conduct, not account for every possible situation a police officer might face.
50.
Codes of ethics for police have been developed in recent years as a mechanism to enhance
police ____PROFESSIONALISM
__________ and reduce corruption.
4