MNGT3711 Assignment 2 v0.2

Assignment 2: Ethics and Social Responsibility in Business and Society (15%; 100 marks total) Your progress  Introduction In this module, we examined ethics and, in particular, ethics in the workplace. We also looked at social responsibility as it pertains to businesses (and other organizations) and the communities in which businesses operate. In this assignment, you will evaluate the level or degree to which a business, organization, and/or government agency is engaging in ethical and socially responsible practices. You will present this evaluation from multiple stakeholder perspectives. Part A is a report on ethical standards, and Part B is a report on an ethical or corporate social responsibility issue in society. Part A: Instructions Read the following:  Donaldson, T. (1996, September). Values in tension: Ethics away from home. Harvard Business Review , 74(5), 48–62. Available through TRU Library.  Re-read Discussion Case: Chiquita Brands: Ethical Responsibility or Illegal Action on pages 111-112of your textbook. Answer the following two questions:  Question 1: Do you feel that it is possible to develop a universal set of ethical standards for business, or do you believe that cultural differences make universal standards impractical and/or impossible? (15 marks) First let’s define ethics; moral principles that govern a person's behavior or the conducting of an activity. determining the nature of normative theories and applying these sets of principles to practical moral problems. https://www.britannica.com/topic/ethics-philosophy BY Peter Singer Last Updated: Aug 22, 2021

ethics is a code of conduct put forward by society that is accepted by all rational adult individual beyond the boundary of country or culture or religion. Thus, ethics is universal, not relative. What is good and bad, what is right and wrong in one country or culture is also the same accepted by other countries or cultures as good or bad, right and wrong act. The same true with business ethics. Business ethics is universal, not relative. What is wrong and right, good or bad in one country is accepted as wrong and right, good or bad in other countries. Fraud is bad and that is applicable to all beyond cultures or countries. Thus, multinational companies must find common ethical ground that is accepted by all rational agent and business practitioners around the globe . https://www.researchgate.net/publication/ 327931284_Universal_business_ethics_A_challenge_to_multinational_ companies Is it possible to identify a set of universal values that is consistent across cultures and time? the UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights is a good starting point The pursuit of happiness is as near a universal human trait as we can find. It is not a coincidence that it appears in the American Declaration of Independence (1776), which was written by Thomas Jefferson and inspired by the British Enlightenment philosopher John Locke. However, the nature of human happiness is subjective. Corruption appears to exist everywhere, so it would seem to require a persistent and consistent answer everywhere. Can business ethics provide one? Business ethics exists on three levels: the individual, the organizational, and the societal. At the organizational and societal levels, laws, regulations, and oversight can go a long way toward curtailing illegal activity. Business ethics motivates managers to (1) meet legal and industry governing and reporting requirements and (2) shape corporate culture so that corrupt practices such as bribery, embezzlement, and fraud have no place in the organization. In the ideal case, the organization’s culture never allows the latter, because scandals not only damage reputations but they make companies and countries much less attractive to investors. Corruption is expensive: According to the World Economic Forum, no less than $2 trillion is lost each year worldwide as a result of corruption, a staggering waste not just of resources but of credibility for business in general.

Ethics is a conception of right and wrong behavior, defining for us when our actions are moral and immoral. Business ethics is the application of general ethical ideals to business behavior. Ethical business behavior enhaces business performance, complies with legal requirements, prevents or minimizes harm, is demanded by business stakeholders, and promotes personal morality. Ethics problems occur in business for many reasons, including the selfishness of a few, competitive pressure on profits, the clash of personal values and business goals, and cross-cultural contradictions in global business operations. Individual spirituality can greatly influence how a manager understands ethical challenges; increasingly it is recognized that organizations must acknowledge employees’ spirituality in the workplace. Individuals reason at various stages of moral development, with most managers focusing on personal rewards, recognition from others, or compliance with company rules as guides for their reasoning. I feQuestion 1: Do you feel that it is possible to develop a universal set of ethical standards for business, or do you believe that cultural

differences make universal standards impractical and/or impossible? I don't trust that it is possible to develop a regardless of what you look like at it plan of good standards for business, as different nations may have undeniable conviction systems for their

'certification of suspensions for them to show up at their working environments (Phro, 2014). Point of fact, paying little personality to whether they pull back as direct on time as '20 seconds', is seen as tricky and the vehicle pro needs to search for a disclosure of frustration (Molloy, 2017). While, in countries like India, a couple of

urban frameworks like Mumbai are so thickly populated that their vehicle structure has ended up being deadly to their family, as around 9 people are butchered standard as a result of incidents related to Mumbai Railways (Neisloss, 2017). In any case, both the nations have their sufficiency in their

will almost certainly counter uncommon issues in the present work culture, for instance, work rights encroachment, unfaltering work conditions and sexual introduction irregularity issues. (Donaldson, 1996). We would most likely make a working environment with comparing rights and openings, in case we

can make a general course of action of good models for business. As I should need to figure, it isn't just restricted to the issues of execution, rather there is another stress to how phenomenal relationship across over different nations will see and recognize it. Fundamental employment for troubling in completing general

 Question 2: Do corporations have a right and/or a responsibility to influence ethics in the countries in which they operate? Defend your position. (15 marks)   Part B: Instructions Write a 2,500-word, double-spaced report on corporate social responsibility and related ethical issues in society. Demonstrate your ability to integrate your learning from all aspects of this module. Ensure that you include information from the course material, the readings, your journal, and your

Multiple Stakeholders The conflict among different stakeholders is the third issue within the project. It is less serious than the environmental cost and economic controversy because the conflict could be minimized if the first two issues are well managed. The Northern Gateway pipeline project involves many levels of government, First Nations, industrial energy interests, the international community, and the environment as a non-anthropocentric entity. The developer Enbridge, Inc. claims that this project can contribute substantially to local economies, and the previous federal government led by Harper has conditionally approved the project. However, the recently formed government led by Trudeau has asserted opposition to the project, and the BC provincial government (2012) stated five requirements to be addressed prior to supporting the project. Moreover, CBC NEWS (2012) reports that many aboriginal groups opposed this project. For example, a coalition of 6 First Nations groups called Yinka Dene Alliance (2014) has pledged to oppose the Enbridge Northern Gateway Pipeline. Their declaration states that they will not allow the Enbridge Northern Gateway Pipelines or any projects associated with the tar sands to cross their land. Because there are so many stakeholders with their own ideas about what is most important, it is difficult to get everyone at the table in a fair way, and much harder still to come to a decision. However, if the developer can prove the positive impact of the project on Canadian economy and efficiently reduce the environmental damage associated with the pipeline, the conflicts among the stakeholders then are likely to be

minimized. Stakeholders Primary Secondary Government Policy Municipal BC  Tumbler Ridge  Kitamaat Village  Kitimat  Bear Lake  Fort St. James  Burns Lake  Houston  Terrace  Prince Rupert  Queen Charlotte  Skidegate  Masset  Abbotsford  Burnaby  McLeod Lake  Chetwynd  Dawson Creek  Fort Fraser  Fort St. John  Fraser Lake  Granisle  Hazelton  Hixon  Quesnel  Mackeznie  McBride  Moberly Lake  New Hazelton  Port Alberni

 Energy, Mines, and Petroleum Resources  Ministry of Environment  Forests, Lands, and Natural Resources  Health Services  Technology, Trade, and Economic Development  Ministry of Finance  Municipal Affairs and Housing  Ministry of Agriculture o Federal  Environment Canada  Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO)  Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada  Health Canada  Human Resources and Skills Development  Indian and Northern Affairs Canada (INAC)  Industry Canada  Intergovernmental Relations Secretariat  Justice Canada  Natural Resources Canada  Parks Canada  Transport Canada - Oil Companies - Construction Contractors - Environmental Organizations o BC Nature o Bear Aware Program o Douglas Channel Watch o Georgia Straight Alliance o North West Watch o Northwest Invasive Plant Council o Ocean Ecology o One Sky – Promoting Sustainable Living o Pacific Streamkeepers Federation o Peace Valley Environment Association o Stewardship Centre for BC o Wolverine Nordic and Mountain Society - Indigenous Peoples - Residence along the pipeline - Land and Resource Use Stakeholders o Recreation such as:  Backcountry Recreation Society  Bear Lake Recreation Association  BC Federation of Fly Fishers  Federation of Mountain Clubs of BC

 Grizzly Valley Saddle Club  Moose ATV Club  Outdoor Recreation Council of BC  Prince George ATV Club  Quad Riders ATV Association of British Columbia  Ridgeriders ATV Club o Hunter and Trappers  Fort Fraser District Trappers Association  Native Fishing Association  Northeast Aboriginal Trappers o Tourism Operators and Guide Outfitters - Marine Interest Stakeholders - Training Institution Stakeholders - Asia Pacific Trade Council Secondary Stakeholders - Local communities - Local businesses Government - Province of BC - environmental concerns , but job creation - Province of Alberta - Alberta Tar Sands (government website) - Canada - Check out the website of the Joint Review Panel Communities - Kitimat - FOR the pipeline and AGAINST the pipeline - Prince Rupert - AGAINST the pipeline, AGAINST the pipeline, FOR the pipeline - Fort McMurray (in Alberta - home of the Tar Sands) - FOR the pipeline and AGAINST the pipeline - First Nations communities - the office of the Wet'suwet'en have a gread video Some First Nations groups are in support and others are divided. - Gitxsan Nation - Dene Nation - Haisla Nation - Overview of other groups who are oppossed to the NGP. Environmental Groups - The Sierra Club - Greenpeace - The Dogwood Initiative - Raincoast Conservation Society Companies