Quiz 2
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Philosophy
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Feb 20, 2024
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Quiz 2
Which of the following disciplines is concerned with discovering the truth of religious claims, evaluating arguments for the existence of God, examining the relationships between faith and reason and between religion and morality, and addressing the question of how a wholly good God allow the existence of evil?
Philosophy of religion
Questions about the existence of God are this sort of question.
metaphysical
Since no one has proved that God exists, it follows that God does not exist.
False
Since no one has proved that God does not exist, it follows that God exists.
False
Which of the following is an apt evaluation of this argument? "People have experienced miracles; therefore, God exists."
If by 'miracles' one simply means something surprising or improbably, then the argument is weak. On the other hand, if by 'miracles' one means a violation of the laws of nature, then the argument is not cogent since there are no confirmed instances of a violation of the laws of nature.
Which of the following is an apt evaluation of this argument? "People's religious beliefs vary, that is, not everyone believes in the same God. Therefore, God does not exist."
While the premise is true, the argument is not strong
Which of the following statements could be added to this argument to make it a valid argument?
P1. I believe God exists.
P2. ________________
C. Therefore, God exists.
Everything I believe is true.
Which of the following is an appropriate evaluation of this passage?"Of course God exists! That is what I was raised to believe and I have faith that God exists. In my religion one does not question God's existence; one accepts it."
While this may explain why one believes God exists, it does not giving reason for thinking that it is true that God exists.
Which of the following best summarizes Anselm's Ontological Argument?
God must exist in reality because if he did not exist he would not be the greatest conceivable being and at the same time he is the greatest conceivable being, which is impossible.
Anselm's Ontological Argument is an a posteriori argument for God's existence.
False
Which of the following claims would Anselm deny?
Select one:
a. A thing is a greater thing if it exists in the understanding.
b. Even a fool (an atheist) has an idea of God.
c. God can be conceived not to exist.
d. It is impossible to imagine that God does not exist.
c. God can be conceived not to exist.
The adjective "a posteriori" means this:
Derived from sense experience
The adjective "a priori" means this:
Prior to sense experience, based on reason
Why is Anselm's way of conceiving of God as the greatest conceivable being important?
Other conceptions of God would not generate the contradiction essential to the reductio ad absurdum.
Why is the Ontological Argument described as being a priori?
Proponents of the argument claim that if one understands the concept of 'God' then one
will know on the basis of reason alone that it is true that God exists
If "the the greatest conceivable being (BGC)" refers to an idea in the first premise of the Ontological Argument and to a being in the conclusion, then the argument commits this fallacy.
the fallacy of equivocation
What is the strategy employed in Gaunilo's objection to the Ontological Argument?
By analogous reasoning, Gaunilo demonstrates that the argument's conclusion is false; therefore, either the argument is invalid or a premise is false.
Kant's objection to the ontological argument is that "existence is not a predicate." How does this undermine the reasoning in the Ontological Argument?
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