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Algoma University *
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2406
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Philosophy
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Feb 20, 2024
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This week I would like you to answer the following question:
Would you kill the person sitting next to you if someone in authority ordered you to do so?
Please remember that you will need to have an initial post AND reply to ONE of your peers before the due date on the course syllabus.
This week I would like you to answer the following question:
Would you kill the person sitting next to you if someone in authority ordered you to do so?
Please remember that you will need to have an initial post AND reply to ONE of your peers before the due date on the course syllabus.
If someone in the authority ordered me to kill a person I will not follow the orders just on his saying. I myself I am a human being & I know the intrinsic value of Human Life further my morals, prospects, values, my beliefs are never going to allow me to do so & I cannot think of doing a wrongful act which is against the laws too.
The factors such as inviolable which means everyone has an inherent right to life that shouldn’t ever be violated. When someone is killed regardless of whether they acted in accordance with orders from authorised source, the fundamental ethical principle is violated. Refusing immoral orders is regarded as a proof of loyalty to the beliefs.
According to the ethical frameworks, it says that having the ability to make moral decisions that represent one's own beliefs and values is important. By mindlessly following orders to harm others without considering the morality of the choice, is what tends to infringes the fundamentals and is not rightful. For example sometimes in Warlike conditions the orders are allegedly passed that call for atrocities via court decisions but it is usually done out of a guilt because of necessary emergencies passed in the favour the Country & Citizens at a whole. So to conclude the attitude of carrying out killing on the instructions of the person in authority should be gauged carefully by considering the principles of persevering human life, uphold higher moral behaviour, see the consequences of doing the wrongful act. This highlights how much necessary it is for each person to fulfil their moral duties and how essential ethics are in guiding our actions even in tough circumstances.
Discussion 4: Evolutionary Morality
This week I would like you to answer the following question:
What are the implications of Jonathan Haidt's ideas of
evolutionary morality
?
Please remember that you will need to have an initial post AND reply to two of your peers before the due date (end of day on October 21st).
Jonathan Haidt, a moral psychologist at the University of Virginia, has been constructing a broad evolutionary view of morality.
The five moral foundations—the group-focused binding cluster of Loyalty, Authority, and Sanctity, and the individualising cluster of Care and Fairness—can be used to characterise variances in people's moral concerns, according to the theory.
Evolution of morality in our ancestors facilitates cooperative behaviour and harmonious social relationships. Developmental psychologists have shown that some moral foundations are established at a very young age.
Moral Pluralism: According to Haidt, people possess a variety of intrinsic moral underpinnings that have developed throughout time. These include sanctity/degradation, authority/subversion, care/harm, fairness/cheating, loyalty/betrayal, and liberty/oppression. This implies that moral variation may result from various communities and people emphasising these underpinnings to differing degrees.
Cultural Variation: According to Haidt's thesis, moral foundations may be prioritised differently in various cultures, which can result in miscommunication and conflicts across cultures. Recognising this helps lessen moral relativism and promote empathy across cultural boundaries.
Religion and Morality: Haidt's thesis sheds light on the connection between religion and morality. According to him, religions frequently act as social structures that formalise and support moral intuitions. This may clarify how religion functions in our culture.
Do you think you have free will?
Explain and defend your answer, in light of the material we've discussed in class.
The term "free will" refers to our ability to make decisions that are truly our own. Moral responsibility, or taking accountability of our good and bad
behaviours, comes along with free will. That ownership suggests that we should be entitled to the benefits that follow a moral decision we make. If moral responsibility is real, then an individual has moral responsibility for both his actions and inactions; to be morally accountable for an act or inaction, one must have the option to behave differently, regardless of the
circumstances around it.
Free will is a complicated topic that has been discussed for ages by physicists, and philosophers. "I do think in free will, yes. My logic is grounded in my individual experiences and daily decisions. I am capable of reasoning, thinking, and making decisions that have an impact on how my life turns out. Even
while my personality and way of thinking have undoubtedly been shaped by factors like my upbringing, culture. I ultimately believe that I have the ability to make my own decisions. These decisions might be as little as what to have for breakfast or as important as choosing a professional path. To me, a clear sign that free will exists is this sense of agency—the conviction that I am in charge of my own decisions."
Corporation Owe:
Although I recognise that earning a profit is crucial for companies, I think there are other duties that organisations should fulfil in addition to increasing shareholder wealth. Businesses have a big impact on society,
so it's important to think about how they'll affect other stakeholders including the environment, consumers, and employees. A more comprehensive strategy that takes social and environmental responsibility into account can result in long-term, sustainable success and a beneficial impact on society.
The point to note is that a lot of contemporary talks about corporate responsibility place an emphasis on striking a balance between increasing profits and improving society. This strategy, known as corporate social responsibility, or CSR, contends that businesses may and ought to actively pursue both financial gain and beneficial societal effect. Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) considerations are becoming increasingly important in business decision-making.
Also, Businesses indirectly help society as a whole by fostering innovation, producing jobs, and accelerating economic growth through their profits. They argue that companies may become side-tracked from their primary goals and may experience inefficiencies if they attempt to assume larger social duties. But this viewpoint is overly limited and that, as powerful organisations in society, companies have an effect that goes beyond maximising profits for shareholders. They argue that businesses should take into account the interests of other parties, such as their consumers, workers, and the communities in which they operate. Changing to a more socially conscious strategy may benefit society, increase business reputation, and ensure long-term viability.
In conclusion, there is ongoing discussion on the obligations of businesses, with varying points of view. These include a limited emphasis on shareholder value and a broader consideration of different stakeholders. Various people and organisations may have different opinions about this subject based on their moral standards, economic theories, and beliefs.
Discussion: What you are up against
This week I would like you to answer the following question:
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When you think about your business career, how are you going to ensure that you are acting ethically?
Do you think that is important?
Why?
Please remember that you will need to have an initial post AND reply to two of your peers before the due date (end of day on Nov. 28th).
I think behaving morally is crucial for maintaining one's integrity as well as being a key component of a prosperous and long-lasting professional career.
It is so important to behave ethically & morally right not only in a business career but in all aspects of life. The Goodness paves back and just comes with lots of benefits unexpected. Following are how one can ensure to act ethically in their professional career.
By taking ownership of one’s actions. If errors are made, take quick corrective action, absorb the lesson, and apply the knowledge gained to make more moral decisions in the future.
To remain up to date on legal obligations, ethical norms, and industry standards. Or by updating the knowledge often so one can adjust to new situations.
Clearly state the beliefs, both personal and professional. Determining the priorities that lays the groundwork for making moral decisions.
When faced with difficult choices, seek the advice of peers, mentors, or ethical counsellors. Diverse viewpoints can provide insightful information.
Below are pointers indicating the benefits of being ethical in a business career.
Success in business over the long haul is frequently linked to ethical practices. Businesses that put ethics first are more likely to draw in top talent, preserve consumer loyalty, and develop sustainable business models.
Legal requirements are in line with ethical behaviour. By behaving morally, you lower the possibility of legal problems and guarantee that rules are followed, preventing the possibility of legal repercussions.
Maintaining a good reputation is facilitated by ethical behaviour. Successful business partnerships depend on trust, and ethical behaviour makes one trustworthy.