LS_Enlightenment philosophy
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Valencia College *
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1251C
Subject
Philosophy
Date
Feb 20, 2024
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docx
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2
Uploaded by DeanApe2025
Thomas Hobbes
1. What is the "state of nature" according to Hobbes?
Hobbes sees the state of nature as all people are naturally equal.
2. Why does Hobbes support absolute sovereignty?
He supports absolute sovereignty because it is able to establish a peaceful society by establishing and enforcing laws making life, peaceful society, liberty, and property.
3. How does Hobbes view human nature?
That people need to be under the rule of a government to be able to support and have a peaceful society.
4. What is Hobbes' view of the "social contract"?
He viewed it as between the people and not their king.
Locke: The Reluctant Democrat
1.
What does Locke say are our "natural rights"?
That we have the “natural rights” of life, liberty, and property. He says that these rights cannot be taken away.
2.
How does Locke view the "state of nature"?
He agrees with the “state of nature” saying that we have natural rights but that we should have a social contract to insure peace.
3.
What is the purpose of government, according to Locke?
According to Locke, government is to protect and enforce the natural rights of individuals.
4.
What is Locke's view of the "social contract"?
His view of the “social contract” is that of a agreement between the people and the sovereign, preferably a king.
Montesquieu: The Balanced Democrat
1.
What is the concept of "separation of powers" according to Montesquieu?
Montesquieu’s concept was to separate the power between three different branches, the legislative, executive, and judicial.
2.
How does Montesquieu view laws in our society?
Montesquieu views laws as a way of the government maintain law and order, political liberty, and protecting the property of the individuals.
Rousseau: The Extreme Democrat
1.
What is Rousseau's concept of the "state of nature"?
Rousseau’s concept of the “state of nature” is that it is a condition where individuals are naturally food, free, equal, peaceful, and happy.
2.
How does Rousseau view private property?
Rousseau views private property as a source of inequality, conflict and corruption in society.
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