Activity #2
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Feb 20, 2024
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Activity #2: Making Ethical Decisions
Questions 1-4: The Potter's Box, is an approach to making ethical decisions that includes four essential elements:
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Facts: The first step in examining an ethical conundrum is to establish the facts. It entails compiling all needed information and figuring out the situation's facts. Understanding what is happening and the context in which the ethical dilemma develops is essential.
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Values: You identify the values at risk in the ethical conundrum in this step. What values, beliefs, or moral standards apply in this circumstance? Clarifying your own moral stance requires understanding the principles at stake.
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Principles: After identifying the values, you must decide which ethical rules or principles should be applied to the given circumstance. Consideration of established moral frameworks or ethical theories that can direct your decision is required in this step.
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Loyalties: The final phase is taking into account both your own and the other parties' loyalties. Who are the parties involved? What parties' interests are at risk? You can balance opposing ideals and principles by recognizing and assessing loyalties.
Questions 5-10: Ethics-Related Decision Theories: The six ethical decision-making theories are briefly described below:
Utilitarianism: According to this view, the best course of action is the one that maximizes general well-being or utility. It emphasizes the effects of an action and strives to accomplish the greatest benefit for the largest number of people.
Deontology: Moral laws, obligations, and principles are emphasized in deontological ethics. It maintains that some activities, regardless of their results, are essentially right or bad. A prime example is the categorical imperative of Immanuel Kant.
Virtue Ethics: Virtue ethics stresses the growth of virtuous attributes and focuses on the character of the individual. It implies that developing characteristics like honesty, courage, and compassion should serve as the foundation for ethical decisions.
Rights-Based Ethics: According to this view, moral decisions should respect and defend the fundamental rights of individuals. It frequently relates to civil freedoms and human rights.
Justice Ethics: Justice ethics is concerned with equity and fairness in the division of societal duties and rewards. It focuses on establishing a just and equitable society and incorporates theories like Rawlsian justice.
Ethical egoism: According to ethical egoism, people should prioritize their own well-
being and behave in their own best interests. It claims that when making ethical choices, one should put their own interests above those of others.
Questions 11-15: Ethical Decision-Making Framework: The five steps to making ethical decisions are as follows:
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Identify the Problem: To start, specify the ethical conundrum or issue you are dealing with. Understanding the situation and the persons involved is necessary for this phase.
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Gather Information: Compile all pertinent data and facts regarding the problem. This includes being aware of the effects and possible results of certain acts.
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Establish Stakeholders: Find out who will be impacted by the choice and who will be interested in the result. Recognize their viewpoints and areas of interest.
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Think about ethical theories: Analyze the situation using ethical frameworks or theories. Consider the situation in light of your moral ideals, values, and ethical standards.
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Make a Choice: Following careful consideration, choose a course of action that is morally
just and aligned with your values, principles, and the interests of all relevant parties. Take
into account any possible effects of your choice.
Questions 16-20: Methods for Making Ethical Decisions: Here are five methods for making moral decisions:
Consequentialist Approach: This strategy emphasizes the results and repercussions of activities. Based on the entire impact of a behavior, it assesses the ethics of that behavior.
Duty-Based Approach: Deontology, or duty-based ethics, emphasizes abiding by moral precepts and regulations. It makes the claim that some activities, regardless of how they turn out, are fundamentally right or wrong.
Rights-Based Approach: The focus of this strategy is on upholding and defending individual freedoms and rights. It takes into account the moral responsibility to preserve fundamental rights.
Virtue-Based Approach: Virtue ethics stresses the growth of moral character and virtuous attributes and focuses on the character of the decision-maker.
Relativistic Approach: This approach recognizes that cultural, societal, or individual variables may have an impact on ethical decisions. When it makes ethical judgements, it takes into account many viewpoints and situations.
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