1 PAGE Response to Baylie

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University of Notre Dame *

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2457

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Nursing

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Nov 24, 2024

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1 Response to Baylie Students Name Institutional Affiliation Course Professor's Name Date

2 Response to Baylie Thank you, Baylie, for the post. African Trypanosomiasis, commonly known as sleeping sickness, is a significant infectious disease. This disease is spread by a vector called tsetse fly, commonly found in sub-Saharan Africa (Dunn et al, 2023). The main reservoirs for the parasite are domestic and wild animals. Interactions with wild animals during hunting and tour visits increase the transmission rates. Trypanosomiasis infection happens in stages. The first stage is characterized by fever, pruritus, lymphadenopathy, and nonspecific symptoms that complicate diagnosis (Dunn et al, 2023). The second stage is characterized by neuropsychiatric changes such as sleep disorders (Dunn et al, 2023). The sickness is mostly mild, but it can be fatal when left untreated. The disease intervention is highly dependent on the disease stage and type of infection. Pentamidine or fexinidazole medications can be used in treating the first stage. The second stage requires combination therapy with nifurtimox eflornithine (Dickie et al, 2020). The health care professionals must closely monitor the patients for twenty-four months for relapse signs. The best intervention measure for the disease is preventing exposure and contact with tsetse flies. This is usually achieved via wearing protective clothing with neutral colors, inspecting vehicles before entering, avoiding bushes, and using insect repellent. Globalization has contributed significantly to the health outcomes. It has positive and negative health impacts (Cuevas García-Dorado et al., 2019). The positive impact includes increased medical access and knowledge for countries and their people, medical technology growth, migration, and healthy practices. On the flip side, globalization also negatively impacts health and health outcomes. It increases the rapid spread of illness, malnutrition, and water

3 supply issues. Increased trade activities promote food importation. Imported foods may play a critical role in spreading anti-microbial resistance or can cause health issues such as malnutrition and obesity.

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4 References Cuevas García-Dorado, S., Cornselsen, L., Smith, R., & Walls, H. (2019). Economic globalization, nutrition and health: a review of quantitative evidence. Globalization and health, 15(1), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-019-0456-z Dickie, E. A., Giordani, F., Gould, M. K., Mäser, P., Burri, C., Mottram, J. C., Rao, S. P. S., & Barrett, M. P. (2020). New Drugs for Human African Trypanosomiasis: A Twenty-First Century Success Story. Tropical medicine and infectious disease, 5(1), 29. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed5010029 Dunn, N., Wang, S., & Adigun, R. (2023). African Trypanosomiasis. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30137864/#:~:text=African %20trypanosomiasis%2C%20also%20known%20as,fly%20in%20sub%2DSaharan %20Africa .

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