Part B – Research Support

docx

School

Grand Canyon University *

*We aren’t endorsed by this school

Course

650

Subject

Medicine

Date

Apr 3, 2024

Type

docx

Pages

Uploaded by PrivateValor10454

Part B – Research Support Master of Science in Health Administration, Grand Canyon University HCA-650 Evidence-Based Research Project 2

Part B – Research Support Breast cancer has recently shown an increase and has been associated with the development of other illnesses. This situation has become a widespread problem, as it has affected the entire population, including healthcare professionals, funding, and financial aspects. Many breast cancer patients are suffering not only from the physical struggles but also piles of medical bills. It is crucial to comprehend and gather the necessary information or data to alter the course of this issue. Employing evidence-based research is an effective method to acquire the data required for a better understanding of the subject and to apply relevant theories to address the problem. Breast cancer not only affects healthcare costs but also has a detrimental impact on public health. The review of the articles aims to identify key points that support the existence of breast cancer as a problem and provide potential solutions. The research articles reviewed below were obtained through a database search using keywords related to the discussed health issue, all of which are connected to breast cancer and its association with other health problems in the United States. Evidence-Based Practice Objectives It is crucial to utilize evidence-based research in this study, as it provides valid information supported by research. The implementation of evidence-based practices in healthcare is essential as it ensures that care is standardized according to the latest research findings that yield the best patient outcomes. To bring about changes in the healthcare system on this matter, it is imperative that they are substantiated by research. Research studies conducted on the subject highlight the limitations and objectives, enabling the extraction of necessary data to establish a valid point in the study. This is how the promotion of healthy programs can potentially assist patient recovery in conjunction with traditional medical treatment of breast 3

cancer among the U.S. population. The utilization of scholarly data, articles, and specific search criteria is instrumental in compiling a comprehensive list of relevant articles for examination. Description of the Search Method An automated search was conducted on Google, Google Scholar, Respiratory Care Journal, PubMed, and NCBI to gather information on this topic. Recent research and articles published within the last five years in breast cancer care and clinical journals were identified. Furthermore, an instructional guide pertaining to the matter presented additional proof regarding the historical context, goals, and physical impacts of employing a psychological approach to improve a patient's general well-being during invasive procedures. The online search parameters encompassed the quality of life for individuals with cancer, psychological interventions, guided imagery therapy, alternative treatments for cancer, the breast cancer community, and non- pharmacological interventions. Validity Internal and External Research When gathering information for a study, it is crucial to understand two key concepts that play a significant role in evidence-based research. These concepts are internal and external research, both of which are integral to the practice of evidence-based research. Internal validity assesses whether a study is free from systematic flaws and determines if the effect of the assessment differs from the source group effect due to random error. On the other hand, external validity focuses on generalization, applicability, transferability, and extrapolation when there are similarities. However, it is important to note that external validity may lack objectivity and precision, which are essential qualities in any research article. 4

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

Summary of Ten Research Studies Article 1 The main objective of the study was to examine the impact of complementary therapies on cancer patients. In 2017, a systematic review was conducted involving 1845 participants. Although the study did not specifically target breast cancer patients, the majority of participants were indeed individuals with breast cancer. The study focused on various complementary therapies such as electroacupuncture, phytotherapy, hypnotherapy, guided imagery, and muscle relaxation (Guerra-Martín et al., 2021). Additionally, the researchers analyzed individual studies for each therapy to gain a more detailed understanding. The findings revealed that complementary therapies had varying effects on the participants. However, it was observed that electroacupuncture, laser moxibustion, and traditional Chinese medicine had negative effects (Guerra-Martín et al., 2021). The authors recommended further in-depth research to obtain more conclusive evidence regarding the influence of complementary therapies. Article 2 Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting are commonly reported as the most frequent side effects. Breast cancer patients face a challenging battle with these severe side effects, making it difficult to maintain a good quality of life (Samami et al., 2022). The objective of this study was to examine the impact of psychological interventions on reducing discomfort caused by chemotherapy in breast cancer patients. A systematic review was conducted, focusing on clinical trials published between 2000 and 2020 (Samami et al., 2022). The findings revealed that psychological interventions, such as muscle relaxation, yoga, and guided imagery, had positive 5

effects on women with breast cancer (Samami et al., 2022). Medical professionals involved in patient care planning are recommended to incorporate these interventions to alleviate discomfort and enhance overall quality of life. Article 3 Many women who are receiving traditional treatment for breast cancer also incorporate complementary and integrative methods. Healthcare professionals who are well-informed about the scientific evidence supporting these integrative approaches can assist patients in achieving a better quality of life and, in some cases, even improved survival rates (Lemanne & Maizes, 2018). The study provide overall guidance from dietary to intimate relationship to breast cancer patients to improve their experience in life when battling cancer at the same time. Article 4 The review paper examined randomized control trial studies to explore the impact of psychological intervention on newly diagnosed cancer patients. Over the past decade, eight randomized control trial papers were identified through electronic databases (Chen & Ahmad, 2018). Enhanced reduction or enhancement in physical side effects following treatment, including pain, fatigue, and sleep disturbances, were observed in the guided imagery and relaxation group, while cognitive behavioral therapy demonstrated greater efficacy in altering cognitive aspects of health locus of control, such as self-efficacy and personal control perceptions (Chen & Ahmad, 2018). The study also identified few studies have explored the viability of incorporating psychotherapy as part of prehabilitation for cancer patients (Chen & Ahmad, 2018). This review aims to expand the existing evidence on prehabilitation in cancer patients by investigating the necessity of psychological adjunct interventions prior to cancer treatment. Prehabilitation with a psychological focus prior to cancer treatment is crucial for 6

improving treatment outcomes, and further research is required to delve deeper into the results (Chen & Ahmad, 2018). Article 5 Complementary integrative therapies are in high demand among patients experiencing cancer-related pain. These therapies offer a unique approach that complements traditional pharmaceutical and interventional treatments. By targeting specific pain-related characteristics, complementary integrative therapies can play a crucial role in a dynamic, multidisciplinary, and personalized pain management plan, ultimately leading to an integrative oncology approach. While some interventions have shown promising results in improving motion and pain in certain types of cancer or treatment side effects, the efficacy of most interventions remains inconclusive due to limitations in study design (Maindet et al., 2019). Physical therapy, for example, has been effective in managing pain and improving motion in patients with head and, neck or breast cancers. Moreover, alternative therapies mentioned in the study like massage, acupuncture, healing touch, hypnosis, and music therapy have proven to be successful in managing anxiety, stress, depression, and mood disorders related to cancer-related pain. Furthermore, cancer survivors who participate in more physical activities than before have reported with decreased pain intensity (Maindet et al., 2019). Article 6 The research sought to examine the effects of a combination of medical and psychological treatments on the stress levels and quality of life of individuals with cancer (Barre et al., 2018). The psychological interventions included psychoeducation, relaxation technique– guided imagery, and cognitive therapy. The findings indicated a substantial positive impact of the integrated medical and psychological treatments in decreasing overall stress levels, as well as 7

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

in addressing specific components of stress such as fear, psychosomatic symptoms, lack of information, and limitations in daily activities (Barre et al., 2018). Moreover, improvements in quality of life indicators were observed, including global health status, functional abilities, and symptom management. (Barre et al., 2018). Article 7 The research examined various treatment options for breast cancer patients in order to select and help them implement personalized treatment based on the molecular composition of the cancer. This approach aims to prevent over-treatment, associated complications, and financial burdens. Nevertheless, the study did not find definitive evidence supporting the elimination of surgical intervention for patients who have achieved a complete clinical response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (Ozmen & Ozmen, 2023). It is essential to await the outcomes of well-designed prospective clinical trials in the long term to make informed decisions (Ozmen & Ozmen, 2023). Breast surgery is currently a simpler and more cost-effective procedure that should be maintained. Article 8 The objective of this research was to examine the impact of behavioral activator therapy combined with guided mental imagery on the resilience, temptation, perceived stress, and positive and negative cognitive-emotional regulation of adolescents who are dependent on substances (Jarahi et al., 2023). it utilized a quasi-experimental design to conduct the study, and 30 adolescents with drug dependency participated. The data analysis findings indicated that behavioral activation therapy combined with guided mental imagery enhances resilience and promotes positive cognitive-emotional regulation while decreasing temptation, perceived stress, 8

and negative emotional and cognitive regulation among adolescents in the experimental group compared to the control group (Jarahi et al., 2023). Article 9 The effects of relaxation and guided imagery as integrative therapies in cancer have been widely studied. However, there is a lack of documentation regarding their individual and combined effects on cancer-related quality of life and mood in patients undergoing chemotherapy for colorectal cancer (Sharp et al., 2021). This study aimed to compare the effects of relaxation and guided imagery, both individually and in combination, in patients with newly diagnosed colorectal cancer who were attending an oncology health center. The findings of this study indicate that providing patients with audio recordings for home practice and encouraging them to engage in relaxation and guided imagery did not lead to improvements in the measured outcomes for patients with low levels of distress (Sharp et al., 2021). It was observed that many patients did not adhere to regular practice of these techniques (Sharp et al., 2021). Article 10 The primary objective of this research was to determine the occurrence rates of various perspectives within the female population aged between twenty and forty-nine years in the United States. To accomplish this, a cross-sectional study design was employed, utilizing data collected from the years 2000 to 2019, specifically focusing on patients within the specified age range. The investigation revealed a notable increase in incidence rates, particularly among individuals aged twenty to twenty-nine (Xu et al., 2024). Furthermore, the study highlighted that breast cancer incidence is most prevalent among the black population. However, it is important to acknowledge that the study had certain limitations, such as the exclusion of risk factors in a significant portion of the research (Xu et al., 2024). Consequently, the authors recommended 9

further investigation to ascertain more specific breast cancer risks among younger populations and to develop potential prevention strategies for at-risk groups (Xu et al., 2024). PICOT Upon reviewing the graded assignment pertaining to Topic 1, I conducted a thorough analysis of the feedback provided. The purpose of this examination was to identify specific areas that required improvement as well as those that demanded further attention. Consequently, I proceeded to revisit the PICOT framework in order to evaluate how its measurability could be enhanced. In doing so, I made adjustments to the research questions, placing greater emphasis on general psychological interventions associated with breast cancer, as opposed to solely focusing on guided imagery therapy within a narrative approach. This modification will enable the audience to concentrate on the conjunctions of the intervention. Furthermore, I refined the statements to ensure they align more closely with the various components of the PICOT framework. PICOT Question: In women with breast cancer group, what is the effect of psychological intervention in conjunction with traditional treatment on patient’s quality of life compared with only utilizing traditional treatment alone within 5 years? 10

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

Appendix PICOT Question Template Section 1: In this section provide one word to describe each section of your proposed PICOT question. P Population Women with Breast Cancer I Intervention Psychological Intervention in conjunction with traditional treatment C Comparison Traditional treatment O Outcome Improve patient’s quality of life T Timeline 5 years Section 2: Write your PICOT question below using the words listed above. PICOT In women with breast cancer group, what is the effect of psychological intervention in conjunction with traditional treatment on patient’s quality of life compared with only utilizing traditional treatment alone within 5 years? Section 3: Use your PICOT to develop a formalized statement. Use the examples below to help formulate statement. In _______ (P), what is the effect of _______ (I) on ______(O) compared with _______(C) within ________ (T)? Are ____ (P) who have _______ (I) at ___ (Increased/decreased) risk for/of_______ (O) compared with ______ (P) with/without ______ (C) over _____ (T)? For ________ (P) does the use of ______ (I) reduce the future risk of ________ (O) compared with _________ (C)? Does __________ (I) influence ________ (O) in (subject) who have _______ (P) over ______ (T)? 11

References Barre, P. V., Padmaja, G., Rana, S., & Tiamongla. (2018, May). Stress and Quality of Life in Cancer Patients: Medical and Psychological Intervention. Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine , 40 (3), 232–238. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijpsym.ijpsym_512_17 Chen, Y., & Ahmad, M. (2018, June). Effectiveness of adjunct psychotherapy for cancer treatment: a review. Future Oncology , 14 (15), 1487–1496. https://doi.org/10.2217/fon- 2017-0671 Creswell, J. W. (2003). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage Publications. Guerra-Martín, M. D., Tejedor-Bueno, M. S., & Correa-Casado, M. (2021, January 24). Effectiveness of Complementary Therapies in Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health , 18 (3), 1017. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031017 Jarahi, Sh., Godarzi, M., & Madahi, M.E. (2023). The effect of behavioral activator therapy with guided mental imagery on temptation, perceived stress and emotional-negative cognitive regulation adolescents addicted to drugs. Journal of Psychological Science, 22(126), 1207-1223. 10.52547/JPS.22.126.1207 12

Lemanne, D., & Maizes, V. (2018, September). Advising Women Undergoing Treatment for Breast Cancer: A Narrative Review. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine , 24 (9–10), 902–909. https://doi.org/10.1089/acm.2018.0150 Maindet, C., Burnod, A., Minello, C., George, B., Allano, G., & Lemaire, A. (2019, May 11). Strategies of complementary and integrative therapies in cancer-related pain—attaining exhaustive cancer pain management. Supportive Care in Cancer , 27 (8), 3119–3132. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-019-04829-7 Melnyk, B., & Fineout-Overholt, E. (2010). Evidence-based practice in nursing & healthcare. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Ozmen, T., & Ozmen, V. (2023, July 1). Treatment Changes in Breast Cancer Management and De-Escalation of Breast Surgery. European Journal of Breast Health , 19 (3), 186–190. https://doi.org/10.4274/ejbh.galenos.2023.2023-6-2 Samami E, Shahhosseini Z, Hamzehgardeshi Z, Elyasi F. Psychological Interventions in Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Women with Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review. Iran J Med Sci. 2022;47(2):95-106. doi: 10.30476/ijms.2020.86657.1660. Sharp, D. M., Walker, A. A., Green, V. L., Greenman, J., Russell, D., Russell, I. T., Walker, M. B., & Walker, L. G. (2021). Psychosocial Effects of Relaxation Therapy and Guided Imagery: A Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial. Contemporary Hypnosis & Integrative Therapy , 35 (1), 21–36. 13

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

Xu, S., Murtagh, S., Han, Y., Wan, F., & Toriola, A. T. (2024, January 26). Breast Cancer Incidence Among US Women Aged 20 to 49 Years by Race, Stage, and Hormone Receptor Status. JAMA Network Open , 7 (1), e2353331. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.53331 14

Part B – Research Support

Related Documents