Artificial intelligence
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Baker College *
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510
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Medicine
Date
Apr 3, 2024
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docx
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2
Uploaded by sharpesj
Artificial intelligence (AI) is a powerful area of computer science with the potential to fundamentally transform the practice of medicine and the delivery of healthcare. AI refers to the science and engineering of making intelligent machines through algorithms or a set of rules, which the machine follows to mimic human cognitive functions, such as learning and problem-
solving (Bajwa et al., 2021). AI can address healthcare problems such as chronic illness, workforce shortages, and hospital readmissions. These factors lead healthcare organizations, insurance companies, and pharma and life sciences organizations to adopt AI (Horowitz, 2023). There are some areas of concern. One is that a poorly designed system can cause misdiagnosis (Powell, 2024). Another would be software trained in data sets that reflect cultural biases and could incorporate blind spots. AI designed to heal and make a buck might increase costs, and programs that learn as they go can produce a raft of unintended consequences once they start interacting with unpredictable humans (Powell, 2024). Lastly, another area is patient privacy; could a system be hacked, and patient information become vulnerable?
AI has the potential to be useful in many areas of medicine.
Advances in AI have the potential to transform many aspects of healthcare, enabling a future that is more personalized, precise, predictive, and portable (Bajwa et al., 2021). One area is radiology. In May 2019, researchers at Google and several academic medical centers reported an AI designed to detect lung cancer that was 94 percent accurate (Powell, 2024). AI is helping doctors diagnose and manage kidney disease and predict trajectories for kidney patients; nephrologists and other medical disciplines use AI to assess images from radiology or histopathology, as well as images taken by smartphones to diagnose a patient’s condition (Horowitz, 2023).
Reference
Bajwa, J., Munir, U., Nori, A., & Williams, B. (2021). Artificial intelligence in healthcare: transforming the practice of medicine. Future healthcare journal, 8(2), e188–e194. https://doi.org/10.7861/fhj.2021-0095
Horowitz, B. (2023, May 22). The current state of AI in healthcare and where it’s going in 2023. Technology Solutions That Drive Healthcare. https://healthtechmagazine.net/article/2022/12/ai-
healthcare-2023-ml-nlp-more-perfcon#:~:text=Here%20are%20some%20trends%20for%20AI
%20use%20in,Will%20Enable%20Targeted%20Diagnostics%20and%20Personalized%20Care
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Powell, A. (2024, January 3). Risks and benefits of an AI revolution in medicine. Harvard Gazette. https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2020/11/risks-and-benefits-of-an-ai-revolution-
in-medicine/
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