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School
Eastern Michigan University *
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Course
497
Subject
Medicine
Date
Dec 6, 2023
Type
Pages
8
Uploaded by ProfGrasshopper2598
1
Chapter 9
Learning Outcomes
2
Differentiate between complementary and alternative medicine.
Identify integrative medicine.
Identify the concept of the mind-body connection.
Identify support for patient beliefs and models.
Learning Outcomes (continued)
3
Identify three alternative and complementary treatment modalities.
Identify three types of massage.
Differentiate between trance and sleep.
Identify the three primary channels of experience.
Define key terms.
Complementary and Alternative Medicine
4
Not all treatments for mental health issues are based on Western (conventional) practice Alternative and complementary treatments provide options for those other than those offered by conventional medicine
Complementary and Alternative Medicine
5
Many patients do not accept Western medical practices and beliefs
Personal choice in treatment modalities is influenced by education, experience, economic status, belief system, and culture
Complementary and Alternative Modalities
6
Alternative and complementary treatments provide options to conventional medicine
Alternative methods are used instead of Western (conventional) practices Complementary methods are used in addition to or together with conventional/Western practices
Integrative Medicine
7
Integrative medicine combines the best of all worlds
Integrative medicine combines both conventional and less-traditional methods that have proven effective
Psychotherapies are not medications. They are treatments that are used along side medications or alone. Holistic Medicine (Alternative Medicine)
8
Most common alternative and complementary treatments recognize the mind–body connection.
It has long been known that physical disease affects the mind, but conventional medicine has only recently started to accept that the reverse is also true – the mind affects physical disease. People’s thoughts and emotions often affect the way their bodies function, even on a cellular level.
This is referred to as Holistic Medicine
Clicker Question
9
Holistic treatments address:
Answer
10
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The mind-body connection is an important concept in all types of medical treatment. Disease and wellness affect a whole person. Holistic treatments address both the illness and the person.
This is considered what type of connection
?
Clicker Question 11
This is considered what type of connection
?
Answer
12
Correct answer: Mind to body
Beliefs
13
Nurses and other health practitioners must respect the beliefs of each patient
Beliefs are based on the individual’s model of the world
Nurses must remain open, nonjudgmental, and accepting of different ideas
To a large extent, patient beliefs determine the success of any given treatment
Beliefs 14
For example, a placebo can be as effective at relieving symptoms as the medication it replaces, based on client belief and expectation
Beliefs 15
The nurse is still accountable and must follow their state guidelines in using complementary and alternative treatments.
The nurse can support the patient’s cultural and belief systems even if it differs from their own – so very important in helping the patient move forward on to a path to wellness.
Clicker Question 16
A patient may refuse medication because of their beliefs.
Answer
17
Rationale: Nursing requires respect for the beliefs and values of other people and cultures as fundamental to good
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Correct answer: True
Rationale: Nursing requires respect for the beliefs and values of other people and cultures as fundamental to good practice. It is useful to remember that everyone has a different way of viewing the world.
Anxiety
18
Stress-related anxiety is one common factor in all forms of mental illness
Prolonged stress and anxiety lead to physical illness as well as mental illness – as we learned earlier in Chap 7, Chronic, long-term, stress can be devastating to the mind and body…it can lead to emotional anguish that comes out as fear, exhaustion, anxiety, anger, and/or depression. Common Complementary and Alternative Treatments
19
Biofeedback A training program designed to help an individual control the autonomic nervous system
teaches patients to be aware of tension within the body and to respond with relaxation teaches the client to recognize symptoms of stress and respond with relaxation Clients who believe they can influence their own health have the best success
Used with good results for insomnia, some types of seizures, tinnitus, phantom limb pain.
BIOFEEDBACK (continued)
20
Not appropriate to use Biofeedback to treat extreme or acute states of mental illness, like sever depression, mania, agitation, schizophrenia, paranoia, OCD
Most common form of biofeedback is breathing exercises. Common Complementary and Alternative Treatments 21
Aromatherapy uses our emotional response to smell as well as the physical effects of fragrant botanical
Many scented products are available to trigger positive feelings, such as lavender and rosemary for relaxation
One of the oldest methods to treat illness in human beings
Many scented products are available to trigger positive feelings, such as lavender and rosemary for relaxation Sense of smell can have strong significance in our lives. Many people associate certain smells with certain situations, conditions, remembering an event ….
Common Complementary and Alternative Treatments 22
Nutritional and herbal supplements are becoming more popular because people are seeking more “natural” healing.
Belief pays a huge role in the acceptance and use of herbal and nutritional supplements
Must be used with caution; relative “safety” of these products may be misunderstood; industry is largely unregulated, with no set standards
Common Complementary and Alternative Treatments 23
Herbal
Ginkgo biloba
Kava Kava
Saint John’s Wort
Omega 3 Fatty Acids
Sam -E
Herbaceous Plant; St. John’s Wart
24
Another popular modality is massage
Common Complementary and Alternative Treatments 25
Another popular modality is massage
Manipulating the body using methodical pressure, friction, and kneading. Swedish
Rolfing
Shiatsu
Reflexology
Common Complementary and Alternative Treatments
26
Reiki and other forms of touch therapy are also popular
Focus is on unblocking energy paths to allow the life force energy to flow freely
Can be used with other techniques to enhance the effects
Yoga
Mind-body connection method of healing that uses positions to facilitate balance and flexibility
Promotes relaxation and reduces stress
Common Complementary and Alternative Treatments 27
Hypnotherapy Controversial, misunderstood
Entering an altered state of consciousness, then using visualization and suggestion to bring about desired changes in behavior and thinking
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Like hypnotherapy, huge focus on communication patterns and patient-therapist relationship
Neurolinguistic programming depends on clients playing an active role in their treatment
Enables the client to use his or her own resources for change
Primary Sensory Representation
29
Three primary methods:
Visual
Auditory
Kinesthetic channels
Practitioners use these methods for a starting point for meaningful communication with the patient.
Clicker Question 30
Very deep relaxation
Tight focus on patient-therapist relationship and communication patterns
Milton Erickson
Complementary & Alternative Therapies
28
Neurolinguistic Programming (NLP)
Creators claim there is a connection between neurological processes, language, and behavior patterns learned through experience (programming) and these can be changed. Does not use trance sessions like hypnotherapy
Based on presupposition – Assumptions or set of rules people make when forming communication.
4. Which one is not considered a component of the three primary methods of sensory representation
?
Answer
31
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Primary sensory representation:
Visual (seeing)
Auditory (hearing)
Kinesthetic (feeling
Complementary and Alternative Therapies
32
Alternative and complementary therapies are becoming more common and integrated with modern Western practices
The nurse must be aware of such practices and respectful of individual culture