ADEEL TAJAMMAL-13819286 - AURLTD-104
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AURLTD104 Diagnose and repair light vehicle steering systems
Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment
Student Name
ADEEL TAJAMMAL
Student ID Number
13819286
Unit Start Date
Unit End Date
Assessment Due Date
Date Submitted
This cover sheet is to be completed by the student and assessor and used as a record to determine student
competency in this assessment task
The assessment process and tasks were fully explained.
Yes / No
I am aware of which evidence will be collected and how.
Yes / No
I am aware of my right to appeal an assessment decision.
Yes / No
I am aware that I can locate The RTO
Complaints and Appeals Policy and Procedure
on their website at (Insert Website Link)
Yes / No
I have discussed any additional educational support or reasonable adjustments I require in order to undertake this assessment with the Student Support Services Officer and Trainer / Assessor, (if applicable). e.g. Student Handbook
and Access and Equity Policy (Insert Website Link)
Yes / No
I have access to all required resources?
Yes / No
Cheating & Plagiarism Declaration
Student Declaration:
In accordance with The RTO
Plagiarism Policy, I hereby acknowledge by signing this declaration that I have not cheated or plagiarised any work regarding the assessment tasks undertaken in this unit of competency except where the work has been correctly acknowledged.
NOTE: Student must sign this prior to submitting their assessments to the assessor
Signature
Date
: ______ / ______ /
20______
Assessment Results
Satisfactory
or
Not Yet
Satisfactory
(Please circle the assessment result for this task)
Feedback to Student - Please provide general feedback on the Student’s performance Student Declaration: - I verify that the work completed is my own and that I was adequately informed of the assessment process prior to commencing this assessment task.
Assessor Declaration: - I verify that I have adequately
explained and negotiated the assessment tasks with the student prior to commencing assessment.
Student Name:
Assessor’s Name:
Document Name:
Assessment – AURLTD104
Created Date:
23
rd
Nov 2022
Document No:
Nomi College – AURLTD104
Version No:
1.0
Last Modified Date:
© Nomi College | RTO Code: 31518 | CRICOS Code: 03569A
Page Sequence:
Page 1
of 32
AURLTD104 Diagnose and repair light vehicle steering systems
Student Signature
Date
Assessor Signature
Date
Student Guide for Written Knowledge Assessment
Overview of Assessment This is a written assessment task you will be assess on your knowledge of diagnosing and
repairing light vehicle steering system.
The topics that will be covered in the assessment are:
1.
Prepare to diagnose and repair light vehicle steering system
2.
Diagnose steering system 3.
Repair steering system 4.
Complete work processes
This assessment will ensure that the elements, performance criteria, performance evidence and knowledge evidence required, and conditions are adhered to demonstrate competency in this unit assessment task. ●
Read the assessment carefully before commencing.
●
Your Assessor will use the assessment criteria in this document and will provide feedback / comment. ●
You MUST
answer all the questions in the assessment tasks in your own words and own handwriting. ●
This is an “Open Book” assessment, and students can use the resources listed in the “Resources Required” section below.
Task/s to be assessed
To complete this written assessment, you will need to answer the 90
questions comprising
of Multiple Choice, True and False, Fill-in the Gap and Short Answer questions.
Time allowed
On average, the Assessment should take 4 – 6 hours to complete.
Location
This theory assessment will be completed in a classroom under the supervision of a trainer/assessor.
Decision making rules
To receive a ‘satisfactory’ outcome for this assessment, students MUST
successfully answer all questions. If a student achieves less than 100%, they can reattempt the assessment after further study has taken place. Students who cannot achieve a minimum of 100% you will not have satisfactorily completed this assessment
Your assessor will be looking for the following in this assessment task: - ●
Methods to locate and interpret information required to diagnose and repair light vehicle steering systems, including:
o
Information provided by customers and supervisors o
Manufacturer specifications and procedures or equivalent documentation
●
Workplace procedures required to diagnose and repair light vehicle steering systems, including: o
Establishing serviceability of tools and equipment
o
Documentation procedures
o
Housekeeping procedures, including:
−
Examination of tools and equipment
−
Storage of equipment
−
Identification, tagging and isolation of faulty equipment
−
Disposal of excess materials
−
Recycling procedures
Document Name:
Assessment – AURLTD104
Created Date:
23
rd
Nov 2022
Document No:
Nomi College – AURLTD104
Version No:
1.0
Last Modified Date:
© Nomi College | RTO Code: 31518 | CRICOS Code: 03569A
Page Sequence:
Page 2
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AURLTD104 Diagnose and repair light vehicle steering systems
●
Workplace health and safety (WHS) requirements relating to diagnosing and repairing light vehicle steering systems, including procedures for working with high
pressure and high temperature steering systems
●
Environmental requirements relating to diagnosing and repairing light vehicle steering systems
●
Operating principles of light vehicle steering systems, including:
o
Manual steering systems
o
Power steering systems
●
Purpose and operation of light vehicle steering systems and components, including:
o
Steering wheels, including clock springs
o
Steering columns
o
Manual steering systems, including:
−
Rack and pinion
−
Steering boxes
o
Hydraulic power steering systems, including:
−
Integral piston
−
Power assisted rack and pinion
−
Electronically controlled power steering systems
o
Electric steering systems, including steering angle sensors
●
Identification, function and basic operating principles of steering angles, including:
o
Steering angles:
−
Toe-in and toe-out
−
Toe-out on turns
−
Caster
−
Camber
o
Ackermann principle of steering
o
Steering axis inclination
●
Diagnostic testing procedures for light vehicle steering systems, including procedures for analysing:
o
Operational testing
o
Hydraulic steering system testing
o
Electronic and load sensing steering testing
o
Component wear analysis
●
Repair procedures for light vehicle steering systems, including procedures for removing, replacing and adjusting the systems
●
Post-repair testing procedures for light vehicle steering systems Assessment conditions
Competency is to be assessed in the workplace or a simulated environment that accurately reflects performance in a real workplace setting.
Assessment MUST
include direct observation of tasks.
Where assessment of competency includes third-party evidence, individuals MUST
provide evidence that links them to the light vehicle steering systems that they have worked on, e.g., Repair orders.
Assessors MUST
verify performance evidence through questioning on skills and knowledge to ensure correct interpretation and application.
The following resources MUST
be made available:
●
Automotive repair workplace or simulated workplace
●
Workplace instructions
●
Manufacturer steering system specifications
●
One [1] light vehicle with faults in its power-assisted rack and pinion steering system
●
Diagnostic equipment for light vehicle steering systems
●
Tools, equipment and materials appropriate for diagnosing and repairing Document Name:
Assessment – AURLTD104
Created Date:
23
rd
Nov 2022
Document No:
Nomi College – AURLTD104
Version No:
1.0
Last Modified Date:
© Nomi College | RTO Code: 31518 | CRICOS Code: 03569A
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AURLTD104 Diagnose and repair light vehicle steering systems
light vehicle steering systems.
Assessors of this unit MUST
satisfy the requirements for assessors in applicable vocational education and training legislation, frameworks and/or standards.
Resources required
Learning Resources available to students include:
●
Automotive Technology (A System Approach) 7
th
Edition – Chapters 2, 5, 6, 7, 47, 48 & 49
●
Trainer Handouts
Results/Re-
assessment
●
The Assessor will grade the assessment and record the result on the front page of
this document (S) – Satisfactory if all observable behaviours are correct and (NS) not satisfactory if any areas are left incorrect
●
Feedback will be provided on either result
●
Where a student receives a ‘NS – Not Satisfactory’ result, the assessor will discuss the area of the non-compliant observable behaviour and an opportunity given for re-assessment. This may be through direct observation or a different method of assessment e.g. verbal/oral questioning, problem solving exercise. ●
If the outcome is again not satisfactory the student result will be deemed (NYC) not yet competent. Additional feedback will be given, and a time agreed upon for further assessment after additional training and skills practice has taken place, this information will be recorded, dated and signed in the re-assessment area on the last page of this document
●
Where all the assessment tasks have been graded (S) Satisfactory, the student will be deemed C – Competent for the practical component and the result recorded and signed in the area indicated on the last page of this document
Reasonable Adjustment
If the participant is unable to undertake the written assessment as designed, an interview (verbal questioning) may be used as an alternate approach.
Document Name:
Assessment – AURLTD104
Created Date:
23
rd
Nov 2022
Document No:
Nomi College – AURLTD104
Version No:
1.0
Last Modified Date:
© Nomi College | RTO Code: 31518 | CRICOS Code: 03569A
Page Sequence:
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AURLTD104 Diagnose and repair light vehicle steering systems
Assessment 1 – Questioning Written Assessment 1.
Identify four (4) important items of personal safety protection or PPE when diagnosing faults on light vehicle steering systems?
1
Safety glasses
2
Gloves 3
Safety Shoes 4
Ear protection
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
2.
Which of the following statements about safety glasses is true?
A.
They should offer side protection.
B.
The lenses should be made of a shatterproof material.
C.
Some service operations require additional eye protection to be worn with safety glasses.
D.
All the answers are correct.
3.
Why must power-steering hoses be carefully routed away from engine exhaust components?
Power-steering hoses should be meticulously positioned away from engine exhaust components to avert potential heat-induced damage. The close proximity to exhaust parts can result in hose deterioration, leading to leaks and possible steering system malfunction.
True or False question
6.
During the power steering pump pressure test with the engine idling, close the pressure gauge valve for no more than 10 seconds; excessive pump pressure may cause power steering hoses to rupture, resulting in personal injury.
☐
True
or
☐
False
True or False question
7.
Do not allow the fluid to become too hot during the power steering pump pressure test. Excessively high fluid temperature reduces pump pressure. Wear protective gloves, and always shut the engine off before disconnecting gauge fittings, because the hot fluid may cause burns.
Document Name:
Assessment – AURLTD104
Created Date:
23
rd
Nov 2022
Document No:
Nomi College – AURLTD104
Version No:
1.0
Last Modified Date:
© Nomi College | RTO Code: 31518 | CRICOS Code: 03569A
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AURLTD104 Diagnose and repair light vehicle steering systems
☐
True
or
☐
False
Document Name:
Assessment – AURLTD104
Created Date:
23
rd
Nov 2022
Document No:
Nomi College – AURLTD104
Version No:
1.0
Last Modified Date:
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AURLTD104 Diagnose and repair light vehicle steering systems
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
8.
Which document should you use to find how to handle, trap, store and dispose of new or waste oils?
A.
Safety Data Sheet (SDS).
B.
Technical Service Bulletin (TSB).
C.
Product Information Letter (PIL).
D.
All the answers are correct.
9.
Referring to the VACC Automotive Environmental Guide, explain the four [4] step procedure for trapping, storing, and disposing of oils released from steering systems.
1
Containment:
immediately contain and absorbs the spilled oil using appropriate absorbent material like
absorbent pads or granules.
2
Collection:
collect the absorbed oil using a suitable container, ensuring it is labelled for oil storage and has a secure lid to prevent leaks.
3
Storage:
store the collected oil in a designated, labelled storage area with proper containment measures to prevent accidental spills or leaks.
4
Disposal:
disposal of the stored oil in accordance with local environmental regulations and guidelines.
10.
Explain the basic operation of a manual (mechanical) steering systems.
In a manual steering system, the driver turns the steering wheel, which is mechanically connected to the wheels through a system like rack-and-pinion or recirculating ball. The driver's physical effort directly controls the vehicle's steering without assistance from hydraulic or electric power.
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
11.
The power-steering unit is designed to ________.
A.
Reduce the amount of effort required to turn the steering wheel.
B.
Reduces driver fatigue on long drives.
C.
Makes it easier to steer the vehicle at slow road speeds, particularly during parking.
D.
All the answers are correct.
Document Name:
Assessment – AURLTD104
Created Date:
23
rd
Nov 2022
Document No:
Nomi College – AURLTD104
Version No:
1.0
Last Modified Date:
© Nomi College | RTO Code: 31518 | CRICOS Code: 03569A
Page Sequence:
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AURLTD104 Diagnose and repair light vehicle steering systems
12.
How does the power-steering system operate?
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
13.
Power steering systems use several basic principles to decrease driver effort by using ________.
A.
Leverage.
B.
Hydraulics.
C.
Electricity.
D.
All the answers are correct.
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
14.
All steering systems have a ________.
A.
Steering linkage.
B.
Steering gear.
C.
Steering column and wheel.
D.
All the answers are correct.
True or False question
15.
The purpose of the steering wheel and column is to produce the necessary force to turn the steering gear.
☐
True
or
☐
False
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
16.
The steering wheel is used to produce the ________
effort.
A.
Turning.
B.
Force.
C.
Steering.
D.
All the answers are correct.
True or False question
17.
All steering columns have a collapsible feature that allows the column to fold into itself upon impact.
Document Name:
Assessment – AURLTD104
Created Date:
23
rd
Nov 2022
Document No:
Nomi College – AURLTD104
Version No:
1.0
Last Modified Date:
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AURLTD104 Diagnose and repair light vehicle steering systems
☐
True
or
☐
False
Document Name:
Assessment – AURLTD104
Created Date:
23
rd
Nov 2022
Document No:
Nomi College – AURLTD104
Version No:
1.0
Last Modified Date:
© Nomi College | RTO Code: 31518 | CRICOS Code: 03569A
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AURLTD104 Diagnose and repair light vehicle steering systems
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
18.
Breakaway plastic capsules, inserts or steel balls held in a plastic retainers, and collapsible steel mesh devices that give way under pressure allow the _____ to collapse in a collision.
A.
Parallelogram linkage.
B.
Steering column.
C.
Rack and pinion.
D.
Steering gear.
True or False question
19.
Steering column connects the steering wheel to the steering gear.
☐
True
or
☐
False
True or False question
20.
The clock spring is located at the bottom of the steering column.
☐
True
or
☐
False
True or False question
21.
The clock spring allows the electric signals from the air bay electronic control module to connect to the driver’s
air bag module while allowing the steering wheel to rotate freely.
☐
True
or
☐
False
True or False question
22.
In a rack-and-pinion steering system, the rack is the steering input and drives the pinion in order to move the wheels.
☐
True
or
☐
False
Multiple Choice question. Select the correct answer.
23.
In a rack-and-pinion steering system, what protects the rack from contamination?
A.
The inner tie-rod socket.
B.
The outer tie-rod socket.
C.
Grommets.
D.
The bellows boots.
Document Name:
Assessment – AURLTD104
Created Date:
23
rd
Nov 2022
Document No:
Nomi College – AURLTD104
Version No:
1.0
Last Modified Date:
© Nomi College | RTO Code: 31518 | CRICOS Code: 03569A
Page Sequence:
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AURLTD104 Diagnose and repair light vehicle steering systems
Multiple Choice question. Select the correct answer.
24.
Rack–and-pinion steering?
A.
Is lighter in weight and has fewer components than a parallelogram steering system.
B.
Does not provide as much feel for the road as a parallelogram steering system.
C.
Does not use tie-rod in the same fashion as a parallelogram steering system.
D.
All answers are correct.
Multiple Choice question. Select the correct answer.
25.
Which of the following is NOT part of a rack-and-pinion steering system?
A.
Pitman arm.
B.
Idler arm.
C.
Centre link.
D.
All answers are correct.
Multiple Choice question. Select the correct answer.
26.
The only steering linkage parts used in a rack-and-pinion steering system are?
A.
Pitman arm.
B.
Tie-rods.
C.
Idler arm.
D.
Centre link.
True or False question
27.
In a rack-and-pinion steering system, the rack performs the task as the centre link in a parallelogram-type steering system.
☐
True
or
☐
False
True or False question
28.
In a rack and pinion steering gear, the rack maintains the tie rods in parallel position in relation to the lower control arms.
☐
True
or
☐
False
True or False question
29.
The worm and roller steering components are basically the same found in the recirculating ball/ parallelogram system?
☐
True
or
☐
False
Document Name:
Assessment – AURLTD104
Created Date:
23
rd
Nov 2022
Document No:
Nomi College – AURLTD104
Version No:
1.0
Last Modified Date:
© Nomi College | RTO Code: 31518 | CRICOS Code: 03569A
Page Sequence:
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AURLTD104 Diagnose and repair light vehicle steering systems
Document Name:
Assessment – AURLTD104
Created Date:
23
rd
Nov 2022
Document No:
Nomi College – AURLTD104
Version No:
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Last Modified Date:
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AURLTD104 Diagnose and repair light vehicle steering systems
Multiple Choice question. Select the correct answer.
30.
The main job of the idler arm is to support the.
A.
Left side of the centre link.
B.
Right side of the centre link.
C.
Pitman arm.
D.
Steering column.
Multiple Choice question. Select the correct answer.
31.
What components connects the steering gearbox to the steering linkage?
A.
Idler arm.
B.
Pitman arm.
C.
Steering shaft.
D.
Tie-rod.
Multiple Choice question. Select the correct answer.
32.
The function of the balls in a recirculating ball-type steering gear is to?
A.
Multiply steering input torque.
B.
Multiply steering output torque.
C.
Reduce friction between the worm shaft.
D.
Transfer end thrust to the pitman shaft.
True or False question
33.
The recirculating ball steering gear is used mostly on large vehicles and light trucks.
☐
True
or
☐
False
True or False question
34.
The idler arm connects to the frame at the opposite side of the centre link from the pitman arm.
☐
True
or
☐
False
Multiple Choice question. Select the correct answer.
35.
What is the primary purpose of the power steering hoses?
A.
To lubricate the pump.
B.
To relieve pressure.
C.
To transmit pressurised fluid power.
Document Name:
Assessment – AURLTD104
Created Date:
23
rd
Nov 2022
Document No:
Nomi College – AURLTD104
Version No:
1.0
Last Modified Date:
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AURLTD104 Diagnose and repair light vehicle steering systems
D.
None of these answers are correct.
Multiple Choice question. Select the correct answer.
36.
A variable steering ratio can normally be found in __________ steering units.
A.
Manual.
B.
Power.
C.
Both “manual” and “power”.
D.
Neither “manual” or “power”.
Multiple Choice question. Select the correct answer.
37.
Which of the following is true of the integral-piston power steering linkage system?
A.
The power cylinder is integrated with the steering gear.
B.
The power cylinder has four (4) hydraulic lines connected to it.
C.
The power cylinder is attached to the steering column.
D.
All answers are correct.
True or False question
38.
An integral system has the power cylinder and the control valve located inside the same housing as the steering gear.
☐
True
or
☐
False
True or False question
39.
External piston linkage system has the power cylinder and control valve located externally, between the centre link and the frame?
☐
True
or
☐
False
Multiple Choice question. Select the correct answer.
40.
Power steering hoses must be able to withstand pressures up to.
A.
500psi.
B.
1000psi.
C.
1500psi.
D.
2500psi.
True or False question
41.
Hydraulic fluid for the power steering pump is stored in a reservoir?
Document Name:
Assessment – AURLTD104
Created Date:
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rd
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Nomi College – AURLTD104
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Last Modified Date:
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AURLTD104 Diagnose and repair light vehicle steering systems
☐
True
or
☐
False
Document Name:
Assessment – AURLTD104
Created Date:
23
rd
Nov 2022
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Nomi College – AURLTD104
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AURLTD104 Diagnose and repair light vehicle steering systems
Fill in the Missing Words
42.
Place the missing words to complete the following statement about integral power-steering gearbox operation using the following words.
Missing Words: assist, chamber, gearbox, hydraulic, integral, linkage, manual, pitman, pump, recirculating, spool, wheel
A power-steering ____
gearbox___________ is basically the same as a manual recirculating ball gearbox with
the addition of a hydraulic ___
assist____________. A power-steering gearbox is filled with _______________
fluid and uses a control valve. An ___
integral____________ power-steering system has the spool valve and a
power piston integrated with the __
recirculating_____________ ball gearbox. The spool valve directs the oil pressure to the left or right power __
cylinder_____________ to steer the vehicle. The spool valve is actuated by a lever or a small torsion bar. In parallelogram ___
linkage____________ systems, the control valve is connected directly to the steering linkage through the ___
pitman____________ arm on the steering gear. Any
movement of the steering ___wheel____________ and the pitman arm compresses the centring spring and moves the valve ____
spool___________. This opens and closes a series of ports directing fluid under pressure from the ____
pump___________ to one side or the other of the power cylinder piston
Multiple Choice question. Select the correct answer.
43.
Nearly all late model vehicles use a single __________ to drive the power steering pump and all other belt-
driven components.
A.
Flat drive belt.
B.
V-belt.
C.
Serpentine belt.
D.
Multilink metal belt.
Fill in the Missing Words
44.
Place the missing words to complete the following statement about rack-and-pinion power-steering operation using the following words.
Missing Words: chambers, gear, housing, hydraulic, integral, pinion, piston, pressure, reduces, wheel
Power-Assisted Rack and Pinion Steering Power-assisted rack and __
pinion_____________ components are
basically the same as for manual rack and pinion steering, except for the ___
integral____________ control housing. As mentioned earlier, the power rack and pinion steering unit may be classified as ___hydraulic____________. The rack functions as the power __
gear_____________ and the spool valve is connected to the pinion ___shaft____________. In a power rack and pinion gear, the piston is mounted on the rack, inside the rack ___
housing____________. The rack housing is sealed on either side of the rack piston to form two separate hydraulic __
chambers _____________ for the left and right turn circuits. When the
___
steering wheel____________ is turned, the rotary valve creates a ___
pressure____________ differential Document Name:
Assessment – AURLTD104
Created Date:
23
rd
Nov 2022
Document No:
Nomi College – AURLTD104
Version No:
1.0
Last Modified Date:
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AURLTD104 Diagnose and repair light vehicle steering systems
on either side of the rack piston. This causes the rack to move toward the lower pressure and ____reduces___________ the total effort required to turn the wheels.
Document Name:
Assessment – AURLTD104
Created Date:
23
rd
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Nomi College – AURLTD104
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AURLTD104 Diagnose and repair light vehicle steering systems
45.
How does an electronic (electric) rack and pinion steering system differ from conventional rack and pinion steering rack and pinion system?
An electronic rack and pinion steering system replaces hydraulic power assistance with an electric motor, offering more efficient and customizable steering control.
True or False question
46.
Electronic rack-and-pinion systems use an electric motor to pump the hydraulic fluid through the hoses.
☐
True
or
☐
False
Multiple Choice question. Select the correct answer.
47.
The power steering pressure on an electronically controlled power steering system is regulated by the vehicle’s computer by varying the __________ applied to the pressure control solenoid.
A.
Frequency.
B.
Resistance.
C.
Duty cycle.
D.
Voltage.
Multiple Choice question. Select the correct answer.
48.
The primary sensor input used by an electronically controlled power steering system is the.
A.
Engine coolant temperature (ECT).
B.
Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS).
C.
Engine RPM (CKP).
D.
Mass airflow (MAF).
True or False question
49.
Electric power steering systems require a steering input torque sensor to determine how much electric current should be sent to the steering assist motor. This torque sensor uses a small torsion bar that is connected between the steering column and the pinion shaft.
☐
True
or
☐
False
Document Name:
Assessment – AURLTD104
Created Date:
23
rd
Nov 2022
Document No:
Nomi College – AURLTD104
Version No:
1.0
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AURLTD104 Diagnose and repair light vehicle steering systems
50.
Name the three (3) different types of caster angles below.
A.
B.
C.
51.
Name the two (2) different types of camber angles below.
A.
B.
52.
Name the two (2) different types of toe angles below
1
2
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AURLTD104 Diagnose and repair light vehicle steering systems
53.
Define positive camber.
Positive camber refers to the angle where the top of the wheel is tilted outward from the vehicle's centerline.
54.
Describe the difference between toe-in and toe-out.
Toe-in: Front edges of wheels closer together than rear edges. Toe-out: Front edges of wheels farther apart than rear edges.
Fill in the Missing Words
55.
Place the missing words to complete the following statement about caster angles using the following words.
Missing Words: angle, caster, forward, positive, tilt, vertical
Caster is the ___tilt ____________ of the steering axis of a wheel from the ___
vertical____________, as viewed from the side of the vehicle. The forward or rearward ___
angle____________ from the vertical line is ___positive____________. Caster is most often the first angle adjusted during an alignment. Tilting the axis ___
forward____________ is negative caster. Tilting backward is __
positive_____________ caster. 56.
What is toe-out-on-turns?
Toe-out-on-turns is a suspension setup where front wheels angle slightly outward during turns, enhancing steering response and cornering performance.
Fill in the Missing Words
57.
Place the missing words to complete the following statement about turning radius using the following words.
Missing Words: adjustable, corner, damaged, outside, pointed, present, scrubbing, steering
Turning radius relates to the amount of toe-out ___
present ____________ in turns. This is also called “toe-out
on turns” or “turning angle.” As a car goes around a ___
corner____________, the inside tyre must travel in a smaller radius circle than the ___outside____________ tyre. This is accomplished by designing the ______
steering_________ geometry to turn the inside wheel sharper than the outside wheel. The result can be seen as toe-out in turns. This eliminates tyre ____
scrubbing___________ on the road surface by keeping the tyres ______
pointed_________ in the direction they have to move.
Turning radius is not an ___
adjustable____________ angle. If the angle is not correct, the tie-rods, steering arm, or steering knuckle are ___
damaged ____________ and will need to be replaced.
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AURLTD104 Diagnose and repair light vehicle steering systems
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AURLTD104 Diagnose and repair light vehicle steering systems
58.
What is the Ackermann principle of steering?
The Ackermann principle of steering ensures that the inside and outside front wheels follow different turning radii during a turn, minimizing tire scrubbing for smoother and more effective
turning.
59.
With the Ackermann principle of steering, the steering arms on the steering knuckles are not at right angles to the wheel spindle but are offset (inclined) 10° to 15° towards the centre of the vehicle. Why?
The offset or inclination (10° to 15°) of steering arms towards the center of the vehicle in the Ackermann principle compensates for different turning radii, ensuring all wheels converge at the Ackermann point for improved handling and reduced tire scrubbing.
True or False question
60.
Steering axis inclination (SAI) is the angle between true vertical and a line drawn between the steering pivots as viewed from the front of the vehicle. ☐
True
or
☐
False
True or False question
61.
Steering axis inclination (SAI) helps the vehicle’s steering return to straight ahead after a turn. ☐
True
or
☐
False
True or False question
62.
Front-wheel-drive vehicles with strut suspensions typically have a higher steering axis inclination (SAI) angle than rear-wheel-drive vehicles with short-long arm suspension.
☐
True
or
☐
False
Multiple Choice question. Select the correct answer.
63.
Which of the following is a good definition of steering axis inclination (SAI)?
A.
Forward tilt of the top of the steering knuckle.
B.
Rearward tilt of the spindle steering arm.
C.
Inward tilt of the top of the ball joint or strut.
D.
Outward tilt of the top of the ball joint or strut.
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AURLTD104 Diagnose and repair light vehicle steering systems
True or False question
64.
Most late model vehicles have a power-steering pressure sensor that can be monitored with a scan tool.
☐
True
or
☐
False
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AURLTD104 Diagnose and repair light vehicle steering systems
True or False question
65.
If the system does not have a power steering pressure sensor, you must diagnose the system by connecting a
power-steering pressure gauge to the pump outlet.
☐
True
or
☐
False
Multiple Choice question. Select the correct answer.
66.
Worn tie-rod ends can result in ________?
A.
Scalloped and scuffed tyres.
B.
Tyre squeal on turns.
C.
Wheel shimmy.
D.
All the answers are correct.
Multiple Choice question. Select the correct answer.
67.
An oil leak at the bellows of a rack-and-pinion could be caused by?
A.
Inner rack seal.
B.
Outer rack seal.
C.
Pinion seal.
D.
All the answers are correct.
Multiple Choice question. Select the correct answer.
68.
Which of the following is not a probable cause of wheel shimmy?
A.
Binding steering column U-joint.
B.
Loose wheel bearings.
C.
Out-of-balance tyres.
D.
Loose, worn, or damaged suspension parts.
69.
Describe how to inspect a pitman arm for wear?
To inspect a pitman arm for wear, check for play or movement while turning the steering wheel, examine the ball joint for wear, look for rust or corrosion, check for power steering fluid leaks, inspect for bending or cracks, and ensure secure mounting and proper alignment. Replace the pitman arm if significant wear or damage is observed.
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AURLTD104 Diagnose and repair light vehicle steering systems
71.
What is a dry park check?
A dry park check is turning the stationary vehicle's steering wheel with the engine off to detect any unusual noises, play, or resistance in the steering system.
Multiple Choice question. Select the correct answer.
72.
Which of the following will NOT cause steering wandering?
A.
Leaking rack piston.
B.
Poor wheel alignment.
C.
Improper steering gear preload adjustment.
D.
A faulty power-steering pump.
Multiple Choice question. Select the correct answer.
73.
While checking out the front end of a vehicle, the technician grabs the driver’s side tire and steers the wheels manually left and right. While he does this, he notices that the centre link moves up and down. What component is most likely at fault?
A.
Worn tie-rod ends.
B.
Worn centre link.
C.
Worn idler arm.
D.
Worn steering universal joints (coupler).
Multiple Choice question. Select the correct answer.
74.
Hard steering could be caused by?
A.
Inadequately inflated tyres.
B.
A loose power steering belt.
C.
Restricted power-steering lines or hoses.
D.
All answers are correct.
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Multiple Choice question. Select the correct answer.
75.
A technician is checking a vehicle for loose and erratic steering. When an assistant moves the steering wheel left and right, he notices the entire steering rack move back and forth about 10mm. He checks the tightness of
the rack mounting bolts and find that they are torqued to specifications. What could be the problem?
A.
Worn inner tie rod end.
B.
Worn outer tie rod end.
C.
Worn steering universal joint.
D.
Worn rack mount bushings.
Multiple Choice question. Select the correct answer.
76.
Which of the following would NOT cause excessive play in the steering wheel?
A.
Worn ball joints.
B.
Loose power-steering belt.
C.
Worn tie-rod ends.
D.
Damaged or worn steering gear.
Multiple Choice question. Select the correct answer.
77.
An oil leak at the bellows of a rack and pinion could be caused by ________.
A.
Inner rack seal.
B.
Outer rack seal.
C.
Pinion seal.
D.
All the answers are correct.
Multiple Choice question. Select the correct answer.
78.
In an electric steering system, the __________ must be recalibrated to its zero point whenever the steering gear, steering wheel, steering column, or steering control module has been removed or replaced.
A.
Torque sensor.
B.
Clock-spring assembly.
C.
Steering wheel.
D.
Pressure control sensor.
True or False question
79.
A Technician uses a torque wrench to measure bearing drag when making steering gear adjustments.
☐
True
or
☐
False
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AURLTD104 Diagnose and repair light vehicle steering systems
Fill in the Missing Words
80.
Place the missing words to complete the following statement about hydraulic power-steering replacement using the following words.
Missing Words: belt, drain, drive, engine, fluid, remove, replacement, points, pressure, puller, pump, service, size, specifications
To replace a power-steering pump follow the manufacturer’s ___
service____________ procedures. Begin by removing the drive ___belt____________. Next, determine if the pulley must be removed to ______remove_________ the pump from its bracket. If so, remove the pulley using the appropriate ____
puller___________. Remove the return hose and ___
drain____________ the power steering fluid into an oil pan, then remove the __
pressure_____________ hose. Next, unbolt the pump from the bracket and remove the ___
pump____________. Compare the old pump to the ___
replacement____________ pump. Make sure the replacement pump has the same ___
fitting____________ and mounting ____points___________. Install the new pump and torque the fasteners to ____specifications___________. Reconnect the hoses and reinstall the pulley and _____
drive __________ belt. Fill the system with the correct
power steering __fluid_____________ and bleed the air from the system. Start the ____
engine___________, check for leaks, and ensure proper power steering operation.
Fill in the Missing Words
81.
Place the missing words to complete the following statement about hydraulic power-steering bleeding using the following words.
Missing Words
: adapter, Apply, cap, Connect, correct, engine, fluid, hydro-boost, leaks, off, Release, remove, reservoir, Start, steering, turn, vacuum
Step 1 Remove the ____
adapter___________ cap. Step 2 Tightly install the adapter of the ______
vacuum_________ pump to the reservoir opening. Step 3 Start the ____
engine___________
Step 4 __
connect _____________ the vacuum pump.
Step 5 Apply 20 to 25 in. Hg (68 to 85 kPa) of vacuum. Note: If the vehicle has a __
hydro-
boost_____________ system, depress the brake pedal two times.
Step 6 Fully cycle the ____
steering___________ wheel from stop to stop ten times.
Step 7 Turn ______
off_________ the engine.
Step 8 Release the vacuum and ________
remove_______ the adapter from the reservoir.
Step 9 Fill the reservoir with the __
correct_____________ fluid.
Step 10 Tightly install the _____
cap__________ of the vacuum pump to the reservoir opening.
Step 11 ____
start___________ the engine.
Step 12 ____
apply___________ 20 to 25 in. Hg (68 to 85 kPa) of vacuum. Note: If the vehicle has a hydro-
boost system, depress the brake pedal two times.
Step 13 ___turn____________ off the engine.
Step 14 ___
release____________ the vacuum and remove the adapter from the reservoir.
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AURLTD104 Diagnose and repair light vehicle steering systems
Step 15 Fill the reservoir with the correct ____fluid___________
Step 16 Check the system for signs of ____leaks___________. Make repairs as necessary.
Step 17 Install the reservoir ____
cap___________
.
82.
Consider the various post service checks that you would make during a road test on the steering system?
Post-service checks during a road test on the steering system include verifying steering responsiveness, wheel alignment, vehicle tracking, checking for unusual noises and vibrations, assessing brake performance, ensuring tightness of steering components, inspecting for leaks, evaluating power steering assist, and checking warning lights.
True and False
85.
An automotive technician must adhere to workshop safety guidelines and procedures when using all tools and
equipment.
☐
True
or
☐
False
True and False
86.
An automotive technician is required to document the work that was performed on a vehicle. Writing or typing in the description of the steps performed during the diagnosis of the vehicle should be worded as if the technician is talking to the customer.
☐
True
or
☐
False
True and False
87.
Inspect your tools for cracks, broken parts, or other dangerous conditions before you use them. Never use broken or damaged tools.
☐
True
or
☐
False
True and False
88.
For best results and long tool life, each tool used must be cleaned and checked before placing it back into the toolbox.
☐
True
or
☐
False
Multiple Choice question. Select the correct answer.
89.
Lockout/tagout practices and procedures are intended to reduce the risk of automotive technicians’ inadvertently using tools, equipment or materials that have been determined to?
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AURLTD104 Diagnose and repair light vehicle steering systems
A.
Be unsafe or potentially unsafe.
B.
That are in the process of being serviced.
C.
Both “Be unsafe or potentially unsafe” and “That are in the process of being serviced”.
D.
Neither “Be unsafe or potentially unsafe” and “That are in the process of being serviced”.
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True and False
90.
Disposing of excess power steering oil, can be dispose into their correct sealed recycling drum.
☐
True
or
☐
False
True and False
91.
Second-hand steering components, racks, power steering pumps etc that are in good condition can be reused
on the other vehicles of the same make and model?
☐
True
or
☐
False
Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
92.
Which source of information will give you the most detail about diagnosing faults in steering systems on the vehicle you are working on?
A.
Workshop manual.
B.
Owner’s manual.
C.
Google.
D.
Textbooks.
True and False
93.
An automotive technician must adhere to workshop safety guidelines and procedures and follow the manufactures procedures in the workshop manual when diagnosing faults in steering systems.
☐
True
or
☐
False
94.
You are diagnosing steering fault on a Mitsubishi Pajero and carrying out a power steering hydraulic test. Referring to the Mitsubishi Pajero “Steering” Workshop Manual, locate and interpret the power steering pump pressures and power steering fluid specification for the following:
Oil Pump Relief Pressure: Pressure Under No-Load Conditions: Steering Gear Retention Hydraulic Pressure: Recommended Power Steering Fluid: Document Name:
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Multiple Choice question. Select the correct answer.
95.
A work order is selected or assigned to a service technician who then performs the listed tasks. The work order should be written so that the technician knows exactly what needs to be done. However, if there is any doubt, the technician should clarify the needed task with the ________ or the person who spoke to the customer.
A.
Service advisor.
B.
Service technician.
C.
Spare parts manager.
D.
New car sales manager.
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