EDUC 703 Quiz 1-Study Guide

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Mechanical Engineering

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Apr 3, 2024

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EDUC 703 Quiz: Terms and Early Western Philosophy Study Guide Question #1: Agnosticism- unsure if there is a god Deism-Creator God is not currently active with people or the creation. Electricism -Mixing diverse philosophical beliefs. Epistemology -Questions relating to the nature of truth and how it is acquired. Logocentrism -Knowledge deriving from written or spoken words rather than from images. Materialism -Existence is found only in physical matter that can be quantified. Ontology -Questions related to what it means to exist or to be. Pantheism -Everything is god. Teleology -Questions related to purpose. Question #2: Perennialism- values lessons learned from studying heroes in history and literature. Progressivism- perceives education as a democratic Essentialism- produces productive citizens by teaching the same core knowledge and skills to all. Social Reconstruction- strives to lead students in rebuilding society into a utopian social order. Critical Pedagogy- seeks to heighten awareness of oppression through Marxist principles. Behaviorism- implements a method of stimulus response to condition students to excel Question #3: Realism- know and follow natural law in the physical realm. Pragmatism- collaboratively solve social problems. Neo-Scholasticism- rely on both faith and reason to comprehend both the natural world and the supernatural realm. Existentialism- assign meaning to their individual lives. Idealism- contemplate abstract ideas of beauty, goodness, freedom, and universal moral law, etc., which leads one to live the "good life" as a good person and citizen. Question #4: Stoics- passion and desire inhibit one from finding the truth. Epicureans- education is about the pursuit of happiness; pain, sorrow, and suffering inhibit one from accessing truth.

Skeptics- there are no valid truth claims because sensory perception and human reason are flawed. Sophists- truth is relative. Question #5: Stoa- porch, where ancient Athenian philosophers met to dialogue about the latest ideas. Agora- marketplace, where both commodities and ideas were exchanged. Socratic- method of questioning and probing students to require them to justify their answers using logic and reason. Question #6: Which philosophy is presented by Plator's allegory of the cave? -Idealism Question #7: Which philosophy is represented by Aristotelianism? -Realism Question#8: Augustine responded to this classical philosophy by filtering it through a lens of biblical truth and also reached out to pagans by integrating the language of this philosophy into his writings. -Plato's idealism Question #9: In Augustine's early medieval era, the trivium of the liberal arts included what academic content? Select all that apply. -Grammar -Rhetoric -Dialectic Question #10: What dichotomy is central to Thomism? -Faith and reason Question #11: SHORT ESSAY:Choose one of the options below. Respond in a brief essay of one or two paragraphs (8 points). OPTION 1:Describe key philosophic beliefs of ancient Athens and compare them to current philosophic trends. OPTION 2:Which components of Augustine's beliefs are most critical to his philosophy of education? To what extent do you agree or disagree with Augustine's philosophy of education? Answer in a brief essay of one or two paragraphs. OPTION 3:Explain Aquinas' theory of knowledge acquisition (i.e., epistemology) and the extent to which you agree or disagree with it. Answer in a brief essay of one or two paragraphs.

Option 3: Aquinas was heavily influenced by his Christian beliefs and his study of Aristotle. He believed that the human experience was achieved through our experiences with the world around us by seeing, touching and hearing, intense intellectual reflection and God’s role in the acquisition of knowledge through divine illumination (Smith, 2020, p. 20-22). While Aquinas noted that humans possessed intellects that were capable of thoughtful reasoning and abstract thought processes, we also utilized our sensory input into the world around us to gather data that assists us in our foundational understanding of the world and understand how God imparts understanding that allows us to grasp concepts that are critical to the human sensory experience. Rashid (2020) notes that Aquinas seeks God in everything and possess the basic knowledge of the principles of natural or moral law and since humans have reason and free will, they experience harmonization with the world around them. Aquinas also rejected the idea of autonomous learning and believed that humans must be taught by an individual, God or the Angels, but not the person (Smith, 2020, p. 24). This author agrees and disagrees with Aquinas’ Theory of Knowledge. On the one hand, his stress on the importance of both the sensory experience and the intellectual experience as a foundation for knowledge acquisition is interesting, it can be difficult for those who do not share his religious worldview. His idea that knowledge is acquired through the divine could be seen as unsupported. Also, his rejection of the idea of autonomous learning is not one I agree with. This author feels that people can learn on their own and are capable of great things. However, for those who do share Aquinas’ ideals, it may resonate in a way that offers insight into the truths of knowledge acquisitions. While Aquinas’s theory is intriguing and offers a framework of the sensory experience and incorporates intellectual reflection with divine illuminations, this acceptance or denial of these truths is on individual religious view and philosophy. References Rashid, M. M. (2020). St. thomas aquinas and the development of natural law in economic thought. Journal of Economic and Social Thought, 7 (1), 14. https://doi.org/10.1453/jest.v7i1.2026 Smith, S., (2020). Windows into the history and philosophy of education. Kendall Hunt.

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