Lab105
pdf
keyboard_arrow_up
School
University of Central Oklahoma *
*We aren’t endorsed by this school
Course
ENG 3443
Subject
Mechanical Engineering
Date
Dec 6, 2023
Type
Pages
9
Uploaded by HighnessScorpionMaster539
University of Central Oklahoma
Experiment 105 –
Impact of a Jet
Joshua Jackson
Dr. Adnan Al-Ibadi
Thursday 1:00 PM
3/22/23
Abstract
The objective of this experiment is to demonstrate and verify the integral momentum equation. This is done by using a force generated by a jet of water being deflected by an impact surface. This force is then measured and compared to the momentum change of the jet. The main findings were that the greater the momentum change of the jet led to a greater force being applied to the impact surface.
Experimental Procedure First the three knurled nuts are removed to take off the top plate on the clear acrylic test cylinder. Then the selected target plate is screwed on the end of the vertical shaft in the apparatus. The top plate is then placed back on and the knurled nuts are hand tightened on the top. Figure 1: Top plate removed with deflector attached
The top plate is made to be level and the vertical shaft is free to move while being supported by the spring beneath the weight pan. The position of the weight pan is then zeroed by adjusting the height of the level gauge until it aligns with the datum line on the weight pan.
Figure 2: Flow adjusted to align with datum line
Now, a weight is placed on the weight pan and the flow of the pump is started. The bench flow control valve is slowly opened until the level is again aligned with the datum line on the weight pam. Make sure to gently oscillate of spin the weight pan during this process to
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
- Access to all documents
- Unlimited textbook solutions
- 24/7 expert homework help
make certain that the pan is in fact free to move and is not stuck. At equilibrium, the downward force exerted by the weight is counteracted by the upward force of the water jet on the target plate. Record the values of flowrate and applied weight then increase the weight on the pan and increase the flowrate. Figure 3: 120 degree deflector plate
Repeat until you have either covered the range of weight values or have reached the maximum flowrate that can be measured by the flowmeter. Next, change the deflector plate and repeat the procedure. With a vernier caliper measure the diameter of the nozzle then find the cross-sectional area of the jet.
Figure 4: Measuring of nozzle diameter
Results, Data Analysis, and Statistical Analysis
After completing the experiment, all of the data was collected and analyzed. The known values in this experiment were the nozzle diameter, which stayed the same throughout the entire process, and the deflector angles which changed for each trial. The angles can be found in Table 1 below.
Nozzle diameter (m)
Deflector angle
Volume collected (m
3
)
Time to collect (s)
Weight applied (N)
Flowrate (m
3
/s)
velocity (m/s)
velocity
2
(m
2
/s
2
)
Theoretical weight (N)
0.00781
180
0.002
13.5
0.8829
0.000148
3.09
9.55
0
0.00781
120
0.003
17
0.7358
0.0001764
3.68
13.54
0.3236
0.00781
30
0.003
8.5
0.4905
0.0003529
7.37
54.32
4.84
Table 1: Impact of a Jet Data Collection
The 180-degree deflector had the highest applied weight along with the lowest flow rate, followed by the 120-degree deflector. The 180-degree deflector had a weight of 0.8829 (N) in or to counteract the 0.000148 (m
3
/s)
flowrate. Next, the 120-degree deflector had a reduced applied weight of 0.7358 (N) while the flowrate was increased to 0.0001764 (m
3
/s). Meaning that the change in momentum was less because a smaller applied weight was needed to counteract the force from the water jet.
The 30-degree deflector had the highest flow rate with the lowest applied weight. The weight applied for this deflector was 0.4905 (N) while the flow rate was dramatically increased to 0.0003529 (m
3
/s). This seemed plausible if it was assumed that the greater the momentum change, the greater the force it will exert on a surface. These results, however, do not agree with the theoretical calculations. This could be due to a few things. One being the apparatus was missing a pin which held the weight pan in place. This could have led to inaccurate weight measurements. Another possibility is that there was friction present between the top plate and the shaft on the weight pan. This would have caused the weight pan to get stuck during the measurement for the applied weight.
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
- Access to all documents
- Unlimited textbook solutions
- 24/7 expert homework help
Conclusion
In conclusion, the completion of the experiment was a success. The acquired data helped to achieve the objective of the experiment, which was to demonstrate the integral momentum equation by using a force generated by a jet on an impact surface compared to the momentum change of the jet. However, the experimental results did match up to the theoretical results. This could have been caused by a few things, such as faulting equipment or forces unaccounted for, which are discussed in more detail in the results.
References
[1] Munson, Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics., Chapter1, section 1.6
Appendix
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
- Access to all documents
- Unlimited textbook solutions
- 24/7 expert homework help
Related Documents
Related Questions
LR = 5m, LG = 2.5m and LC = 1.1m
Q2. The Skylark family of sounding rockets consisted of a number of variants (denoted Skylark
5, Skylark 7, and Skylark 12 respectively). These are illustrated on Page 3. The data given
below is based on that for the rocket motors they used (all manufactured and named by what
was Royal Ordinance – now part of Roxel):
Raven XI Motor
Total mass: 1280 kg
Length = LR See Case Table (units are m)
Diameter = 0.44 m
Goldfinch IIA Motor
Total mass: 420 kg
Length = LG See Case Table (units are m)
Diameter = 0.44 m
Cuckoo IV Motor
Total mass: 242 kg
Length = LC See Case Table (units are m)
Diameter = 0.44 m
The payload mass which is additional to the motor masses is to be taken as 100 kg.
(a) For the configurations of the three rockets shown on Page 3 in Fig. Q2:
(i) Determine the Pitching/Yawing moment of inertia of each rocket about the base of
each rocket.
(ii) Explain how you could then find the the Pitching/Yawing moment of inertia of each
rocket about its…
arrow_forward
Elijah Reaper joins the volunteer fire department. Out practicing his fire hose prowess one day, he attempts to master stabilizing his body while blasting water. He holds the spray nozzle perfectly horizontal, 2 meters up from the ground, and its diameter is 10 cm. He finds that his body and strength can only withstand a moment about his feet of 50 Nm to continue holding the hose securely. What is the maximum volumetric flow of water (m3/sec) that the hose can spray for him to remain standing?
arrow_forward
Could you help with C, 2 and D?
arrow_forward
Suppose a body of mass (m) falls from a height (h)
under gravity. It lands on a frictionless spring with
spring constant (k). Which of the following
expressions represents the spring compression
(length change) at the time the falling body has come
to rest?
O (mgh)/(k)
O (1/2)k1/2
((mgh3)/(k))1/2
O (2mgh)/(k))1/2
arrow_forward
A water pump produces a flow of 8 ft /s and a power of 4 hp, using an 11-in.-diameter impeller.
Part A
What is the flow if a 6-in.-diameter impeller is used to maintain dynamic similitude?
Express your answer using three significant figures.
Q =
ft /s
Part B
What is the power if a 6-in.-diameter impeller is used to maintain dynamic similitude?
Express your answer using three significant figures.
hp
arrow_forward
Problem 15.22
The thrust on the 5-Mg rocket sled is shown in the graph. Neglect friction. (Figure 1)
T (KN)
20-
T=41¹2
[
25
====
35
▾ Part A
Determine the sled's maximum velocity.
Express your answer to three significant figures and include the appropriate units.
Umax Value
Submit
Part B
Submit
μА
Request Answer
HÅ
Determine the distance the sled travels when t = 35 s.
Express your answer to three significant figures and include the appropriate units.
Value
Units
Request Answer
Units
?
?
arrow_forward
8.6 classic mechanics
please provide a solution for the following
arrow_forward
Two rods, with masses MA and MB having a coefficient of restitution, e, move along a common line on a surface, figure 2.
a) Find the general expression for the velocities of the two rods after impact.
b) IfmA =2kg,mB =1kg,vB=3m/s,ande=0.65,find the value of the initial velocity vA of rod A for it to be at rest after the impact and the final velocity v’B of rod B.
c) Find the percent decrease in kinetic energy which corresponds to the impact in part b
arrow_forward
Block
2) A block of mass M slides on a thin film of
oil. The film thickness is h and the area of
Cord
the block A. When released, mass m exerts
tension on the cord, causing the block to
accelerate. Neglect friction in the pulley and
air resistance. Develop an algebraic
expression for the viscous force that acts on
the block when it moves at speed V. Derive a
differential equation for the block speed as a
function of time. Obtain an expression for the
block speed as function of time. The mass
M=5kg, m=lkg, A=25 cm?, and h-0.5 mm.
If it takes 1 second for the speed to reach 1
m/s, find oil viscosity u.
Oil film
(viscosity, u)
Mass
arrow_forward
Somewhere DEEP BELOW THE EARTH's surface, at an UNKNOWN displacement from the Earth's center, a particle of mass m is dangled from a long string, length L; the particle oscillates along a small arc according to the differential equation d^2x/dt^2=-(pi^2/36)x. Here x refers to an angular displacement measured from the vertical and t refers to time.
The particle's mass is given by m=3kg. The length of the string is given by L=5 meters.
Whenever the particle arrives at a location of x=(pi/12) radians from the vertical, the particle has no instantaneous speed. On both sides of the vertical, that is, x=(pi/12) radians is repeatedly observed to be a 'turning point' for the particle's periodic motion.
1. Draw a clear FREE-BODY diagram of this particle at some arbitrary point during oscillation, making sure to label variables and constants described above.
2. Approximating to three significant digits if necessary, what is the angular frequency of this oscillator on a string?
3. Approximating…
arrow_forward
If the rope on the wall suddenly snaps, what will be the acceleration vector
and velocity vectors of these masses at 1=1s after the break? N.B.: the
strings are assumed to be massless, flexible and inelastic.
arrow_forward
An amusement park is designing a new ride. The ride is to have a motorized horizontal launch section that is 5m long. For safety the ride cars will be limited to ⅓g worth of acceleration and will have a typical loaded mass of 400kg. What is the maximum launch velocity of this situation, and what engine power rating is necessary to achieve this velocity?
arrow_forward
A hammer head H having a weight of 0.26 lb is moving downwards at 40 ft/s when it strikes the head of a nail of negligible mass and drives it into a block of wood as shown.
Find the impulse on the nail if it is assumed that the grip at A is loose, the handle has a negligible mass, and the hammer stays in contact with the nail while it comes to rest.
[Show work fast , Don't copy]
arrow_forward
Given the following: Mass of the particle m=18.8 kg, ω=9.6 rad/s, α=8.3 rad/s^2, vrel=7.8 m/s, μs=0.6, μk=0.1, L=1.9 m, and h=2.9 m,
What is the i^ component of the Normal force on particle P?
What is the component of the friction force in the j^ direction on the particle?
What is the value (including sign) of (aP/O)rel?
What is the i^ component of the Acceleration of particle P?
What is the j^ component of acceleration of particle P?
arrow_forward
Using the jet engine lecture notes and its charts, derive a mathematical expression relating a jet engine’s dry weight with its take-off thrust. Write the expression in imperial units and then convert it to SI units.
arrow_forward
A fountain shoots water with an initial velocity of 8 m/s. Using Bernoulli's equation,
calculate the maximum height the water can reach, assuming no energy losses.
Quids Idook
arrow_forward
part 3 4 and 5 please of this question
arrow_forward
4. Consider a jet boat as shown below. Suppose the "slipstream" of air is 1 m
in diameter (D = 1 m) and the velocity of the air relative to the boat is 80
ft/sec. (assume air density is 0.075 lbm/ft³ and P is 1 atm throughout)
a. What is the propulsive force
i. When the boat is not moving?
ii. When the boat is moving at 10 ft/s?
b. What is the initial acceleration if the boat weighs 800 lbm?
arrow_forward
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you

Elements Of Electromagnetics
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9780190698614
Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.
Publisher:Oxford University Press

Mechanics of Materials (10th Edition)
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9780134319650
Author:Russell C. Hibbeler
Publisher:PEARSON

Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781259822674
Author:Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. Boles
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education

Control Systems Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781118170519
Author:Norman S. Nise
Publisher:WILEY

Mechanics of Materials (MindTap Course List)
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781337093347
Author:Barry J. Goodno, James M. Gere
Publisher:Cengage Learning

Engineering Mechanics: Statics
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781118807330
Author:James L. Meriam, L. G. Kraige, J. N. Bolton
Publisher:WILEY
Related Questions
- LR = 5m, LG = 2.5m and LC = 1.1m Q2. The Skylark family of sounding rockets consisted of a number of variants (denoted Skylark 5, Skylark 7, and Skylark 12 respectively). These are illustrated on Page 3. The data given below is based on that for the rocket motors they used (all manufactured and named by what was Royal Ordinance – now part of Roxel): Raven XI Motor Total mass: 1280 kg Length = LR See Case Table (units are m) Diameter = 0.44 m Goldfinch IIA Motor Total mass: 420 kg Length = LG See Case Table (units are m) Diameter = 0.44 m Cuckoo IV Motor Total mass: 242 kg Length = LC See Case Table (units are m) Diameter = 0.44 m The payload mass which is additional to the motor masses is to be taken as 100 kg. (a) For the configurations of the three rockets shown on Page 3 in Fig. Q2: (i) Determine the Pitching/Yawing moment of inertia of each rocket about the base of each rocket. (ii) Explain how you could then find the the Pitching/Yawing moment of inertia of each rocket about its…arrow_forwardElijah Reaper joins the volunteer fire department. Out practicing his fire hose prowess one day, he attempts to master stabilizing his body while blasting water. He holds the spray nozzle perfectly horizontal, 2 meters up from the ground, and its diameter is 10 cm. He finds that his body and strength can only withstand a moment about his feet of 50 Nm to continue holding the hose securely. What is the maximum volumetric flow of water (m3/sec) that the hose can spray for him to remain standing?arrow_forwardCould you help with C, 2 and D?arrow_forward
- Suppose a body of mass (m) falls from a height (h) under gravity. It lands on a frictionless spring with spring constant (k). Which of the following expressions represents the spring compression (length change) at the time the falling body has come to rest? O (mgh)/(k) O (1/2)k1/2 ((mgh3)/(k))1/2 O (2mgh)/(k))1/2arrow_forwardA water pump produces a flow of 8 ft /s and a power of 4 hp, using an 11-in.-diameter impeller. Part A What is the flow if a 6-in.-diameter impeller is used to maintain dynamic similitude? Express your answer using three significant figures. Q = ft /s Part B What is the power if a 6-in.-diameter impeller is used to maintain dynamic similitude? Express your answer using three significant figures. hparrow_forwardProblem 15.22 The thrust on the 5-Mg rocket sled is shown in the graph. Neglect friction. (Figure 1) T (KN) 20- T=41¹2 [ 25 ==== 35 ▾ Part A Determine the sled's maximum velocity. Express your answer to three significant figures and include the appropriate units. Umax Value Submit Part B Submit μА Request Answer HÅ Determine the distance the sled travels when t = 35 s. Express your answer to three significant figures and include the appropriate units. Value Units Request Answer Units ? ?arrow_forward
- 8.6 classic mechanics please provide a solution for the followingarrow_forwardTwo rods, with masses MA and MB having a coefficient of restitution, e, move along a common line on a surface, figure 2. a) Find the general expression for the velocities of the two rods after impact. b) IfmA =2kg,mB =1kg,vB=3m/s,ande=0.65,find the value of the initial velocity vA of rod A for it to be at rest after the impact and the final velocity v’B of rod B. c) Find the percent decrease in kinetic energy which corresponds to the impact in part barrow_forwardBlock 2) A block of mass M slides on a thin film of oil. The film thickness is h and the area of Cord the block A. When released, mass m exerts tension on the cord, causing the block to accelerate. Neglect friction in the pulley and air resistance. Develop an algebraic expression for the viscous force that acts on the block when it moves at speed V. Derive a differential equation for the block speed as a function of time. Obtain an expression for the block speed as function of time. The mass M=5kg, m=lkg, A=25 cm?, and h-0.5 mm. If it takes 1 second for the speed to reach 1 m/s, find oil viscosity u. Oil film (viscosity, u) Massarrow_forward
- Somewhere DEEP BELOW THE EARTH's surface, at an UNKNOWN displacement from the Earth's center, a particle of mass m is dangled from a long string, length L; the particle oscillates along a small arc according to the differential equation d^2x/dt^2=-(pi^2/36)x. Here x refers to an angular displacement measured from the vertical and t refers to time. The particle's mass is given by m=3kg. The length of the string is given by L=5 meters. Whenever the particle arrives at a location of x=(pi/12) radians from the vertical, the particle has no instantaneous speed. On both sides of the vertical, that is, x=(pi/12) radians is repeatedly observed to be a 'turning point' for the particle's periodic motion. 1. Draw a clear FREE-BODY diagram of this particle at some arbitrary point during oscillation, making sure to label variables and constants described above. 2. Approximating to three significant digits if necessary, what is the angular frequency of this oscillator on a string? 3. Approximating…arrow_forwardIf the rope on the wall suddenly snaps, what will be the acceleration vector and velocity vectors of these masses at 1=1s after the break? N.B.: the strings are assumed to be massless, flexible and inelastic.arrow_forwardAn amusement park is designing a new ride. The ride is to have a motorized horizontal launch section that is 5m long. For safety the ride cars will be limited to ⅓g worth of acceleration and will have a typical loaded mass of 400kg. What is the maximum launch velocity of this situation, and what engine power rating is necessary to achieve this velocity?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Elements Of ElectromagneticsMechanical EngineeringISBN:9780190698614Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.Publisher:Oxford University PressMechanics of Materials (10th Edition)Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9780134319650Author:Russell C. HibbelerPublisher:PEARSONThermodynamics: An Engineering ApproachMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781259822674Author:Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. BolesPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
- Control Systems EngineeringMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781118170519Author:Norman S. NisePublisher:WILEYMechanics of Materials (MindTap Course List)Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9781337093347Author:Barry J. Goodno, James M. GerePublisher:Cengage LearningEngineering Mechanics: StaticsMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781118807330Author:James L. Meriam, L. G. Kraige, J. N. BoltonPublisher:WILEY

Elements Of Electromagnetics
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9780190698614
Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.
Publisher:Oxford University Press

Mechanics of Materials (10th Edition)
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9780134319650
Author:Russell C. Hibbeler
Publisher:PEARSON

Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781259822674
Author:Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. Boles
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education

Control Systems Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781118170519
Author:Norman S. Nise
Publisher:WILEY

Mechanics of Materials (MindTap Course List)
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781337093347
Author:Barry J. Goodno, James M. Gere
Publisher:Cengage Learning

Engineering Mechanics: Statics
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781118807330
Author:James L. Meriam, L. G. Kraige, J. N. Bolton
Publisher:WILEY