02_HomeworkCE371
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The University of Tennessee, Knoxville *
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Course
371
Subject
Mechanical Engineering
Date
Feb 20, 2024
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7
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PROBLEM 02.1
1.
The steel design process requires factoring loads to determine a required design strength. The factors for dead load considered alone is 1.4, but the load factor for dead load when considered with live load is 1.2. Explain why the factor changes when the load case (dead) remains the same.
The factor changes from 1.4 to 1.2 due to the live load that’s now considered alongside the dead load. This change in the factor is due to the uncertainty and variable aspect of the live load. 2.
Live loads are not only “living” loads (such as people occupying the space). Provide an example of a live load in a building structure and explain why it is considered a “live” load.
An example of a nonliving live load is the janitorial/cleaning equipment in the tickle building. The reason it is considered a live load is because it doesn’t stay in the building, it’s able to be removed at any time. It is not a permanent fixture.
3.
Review the floor plan for our classroom. Let’s assume we are designing the concrete slab and need to know the factored area load. Perform the following work and document your solution in a table summary as modeled in Table 2.0. a. Estimate the Dead and Live load conditions for the room. Clearly cite any references used in determining these values. b. Determine the factored area load for the slab. Express your solution in units of psf. Clearly annotate a response for ALL load combinations considered from our CE371 list of standard LCs.
Assumptions: EQ=0, SL=0, WL=0, average weight is 150 lbs per person.
Live loads: 17 people occupancy,16 desks, 1 lecture stand.
Dead loads: 3 windows, and 6 in concrete slab
4.25 psf per person, .96 psf per desk,.1616666667 per lecture stand.
1.6458 psf per window, 12.5 lb/in per square foot and 6 in concrete slab= 75 psf.
Sources: Desk: https://www.schoolsin.com/lux-student-
mtachr.html?gclid=EAIaIQobChMI24fSv6iAgQMVgTrUAR07QARCEAQYAiABEgKOu_D_BwE
Lecture stand:
https://www.schooloutlet.com/Oklahoma_Sound_Vision_Lectern_with_Sound_M612S_RW_p/okl-
m612s-rw-lwm-5.htm
Concrete slab
:
https://designtech.be.uw.edu/structures/str-loads/
Windows:
https://www.dullesglass.com/glass-weight-calculator#9d19b5e1-7fce-11ed-9c9a-02ef02616b8b=aee0ed02-7fce-11ed-9c9a-
02ef02616b8b&9d17b94f-7fce-11ed-9c9a-02ef02616b8b=aeb381a5-7fce-11ed-9c9a-02ef02616b8b&9d17b6c8-7fce-11ed-9c9a-
02ef02616b8b=aeb0dad5-7fce-11ed-9c9a-02ef02616b8b&9d18ccf8-7fce-11ed-9c9a-02ef02616b8b=aec2d099-7fce-11ed-9c9a-
Parameters
Value
Live Load(psf)
87.77167
Dead Load (psf)
79.9374
LC1:
111.91236
LC2A:
236.359552
LC2B:
236.359552
LC3:
95.92488
LC6:
71.94366
LC7:
71.94366
02ef02616b8b&9d1bd209-7fce-11ed-9c9a-02ef02616b8b=aee0e703-7fce-11ed-9c9a-02ef02616b8b&9d19b5e3-7fce-11ed-9c9a-
02ef02616b8b=aee029af-7fce-11ed-9c9a-02ef02616b8b&9d17b38c-7fce-11ed-9c9a-02ef02616b8b=aeaf6835-7fce-11ed-9c9a-
02ef02616b8b&9d17b38e-7fce-11ed-9c9a-02ef02616b8b=aebe4384-7fce-11ed-9c9a-02ef02616b8b&9d17b6f9-7fce-11ed-9c9a-
02ef02616b8b=aebc6854-7fce-11ed-9c9a-02ef02616b8b&9d14b12c-7fce-11ed-9c9a-02ef02616b8b=aea94871-7fce-11ed-9c9a-
02ef02616b8b&9d173ff6-7fce-11ed-9c9a-02ef02616b8b=aecb1412-7fce-11ed-9c9a-02ef02616b8b&b560126c-7fce-11ed-9c9a-
02ef02616b8b=72&b5601533-7fce-11ed-9c9a-02ef02616b8b=24
PROBLEM 02.2
I. The LRFD Design method requires definition of factors to adjust the design strength of a structural member and the required strength based on the loading condition. These factors attempt to capture both uncertainty and variability. i. Identify a parameter of design susceptible to uncertainty. Justify your response. A parameter of design that is susceptible to uncertainty is national weather That’s due to the various unknowns’ factors that are challenging to identify. So a factor of safety gives a space sone when considering the unknown factors in designing for weather.
ii. Identify a parameter of design susceptible to variability. Justify your response. A parameter of design that is susceptible to variability is live loads. Its susceptible to variability due to the factor that in a classroom for example the amount of people will not be the same every single time, so the live loads are variable. II. Find an article online discussing serviceability in a structure. The discussion can either be a celebration of achievement or share details about a failure or problem in the structural system. Present a 2-4 sentence summary of the details of the story. Include specifics such as: the structure’s name, function, the serviceability limit state discussed, the unique conditions (the good, the bad, or the ugly). Clearly cite the article referenced and any other documents used to formulate your individual content; no format is enforced, but all necessary information so a peer could locate the reference is expected. I chose the FIU pedestrian bridge that collapsed in March of 2018. The function of the bridge was to be used as a safety measure so that the students did not have to cross the hectic highway to the other side of campus. The conditions of the bridge were done incorrectly so the bridge failed due to the connection between the two spans and the pier where the failure occurred. There was no support under the truss location which induced unexpected stress to the structure which was a warning that it was going to collapse.
Sources:
https://www.newcivilengineer.com/latest/fiu-bridge-collapse-lessons-learnt-three-years-since-
florida-tragedy-15-03-2021/
III. Use MathCAD to “program” equation (B3-1) from the Spec. Chapter of the AISC Manual. Include the parameters shown in Table 1.0 and show a solution proving equation (B3-1) is satisfied.
PROBLEM 02.3
a. Draw the Free Body Diagram (FBD) of Beam BE considering only LC1 (as identified during our lesson materials). Include the beam’s supports, length, and applied load condition. b. Solve the following considering only LC2a.
i. Determine the reactions for Beam BE. ii. Draw the shear diagram for the beam. iii. Draw the moment diagram for the beam.
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