PHYS1415_Sim1_Forces _and_Motion_Online

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1415

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Mechanical Engineering

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Feb 20, 2024

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1 Name: Dan Nguyen Simulation 1 Worksheet – Force and Motion Part A. Use the NET FORCE Section CLICK ALL THE BOXES Here you will explore the difference between balanced and unbalanced forces as pullers compete in a tug-of-war for a cart of candy. The following screen shot explains how controls work. You can click and drag the pullers to the rope. As you add pullers arrows appear on the screen showing the direction of the forces each team applies on the cart. To start the tug of war competition, click “Go”. The wi nners are declared when the cart reaches one of the stoppers. You can use the return button to bring the cart and the pullers back to the original positions. 1. members screenshot of a scenario where the net force is 50N to the left and there is at least 1 member on each side. Insert the screenshot below (add space as needed)

2 2. Take a screenshot of a scenario where the net force is 0 N and there is at least 1 member on each side. Insert the screenshot below. 3. a. Place 2 people that are the same size the same distance away from the cart. b. Make a prediction about the movement of the cart. c. AFTER you have observed the actual movement, click on the sum of the forces box at the top right-hand corner of the simulation. Record the results in the data chart. Predicted Movement Actual Movement (None, left, right) Sum of Forces (0, x-left, x-right) Same size, same placement on rope. None None 0, 50, 50 4. a. Place 2 people that are the same size different distances away from the cart. b. Make a prediction about the movement of the cart. c. AFTER you have observed the actual movement, click on the sum of the forces box at the top right-hand corner of the simulation. Record the results in the data chart.

3 Predicted Movement Actual Movement (None, left, right) Sum of Forces (0, x-left, x-right) Same size, different placement on rope. None None 0, 50, 50 5. a. Place 2 people that are different sizes the same distance away from the cart. b. Make a prediction about the movement of the cart. c. AFTER you have observed the actual movement, click on the sum of the forces box at the top right-hand corner of the simulation. Record the results in the data chart. Predicted Movement Actual Movement (None, left, right) Sum of Forces (0, x-left, x-right) Different size, same placement on rope. Left Left 50, 100, 50 6. In your own words, explain what is Net Force ? According to my research, the total force operating on an object is known as the net force. When many forces are acting on one item, it occurs. 7. Can an object be moving if the net force on it is zero? Insert a screen shot to support your answer. Yes, an object can move even in the absence of external force. Since the object is moving at a constant speed when the net force acting on it is zero. Since acceleration in this case refers to the change in velocity per unit of time, the only thing we can conclude if there is no force is that it is zero. Therefore, there is no change in velocity. If the object was already moving, it would continue to do so.

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4 For Example, an airplane that is flying continuously at the same altitude and speed as a case study. Gravity drags it down. To lift it up, the wings provide lift. Therefore, the net force has no vertical component. To move the airplane forward, the engines provide thrust. Due to friction, every component of the airplane produces drag. It attempts to slow down the airplane by pulling it backward. Part B: Use the MOTION Section CLICK ALL THE BOXES The following screen shot explains how controls work on the motion section of the simulation. 8. Calculate the acceleration for each object when pushed with 100 N of force (use a=F/m). Object Mass (kg) Acceleration (m/s 2 ) Child 40 2.51 Adult 80 1.25 Box 50 2 Trash Can 100 1 9. When you increase the mass of an object (while keeping the applied force the same) what happens to the rate of acceleration? Explain why this occurs using your understanding of inertia (an object’s resistance to a change in motion) Earth's reaction also increases with an increase in an object's mass. The amount of friction increases along with the object's inertia. Consequently, the acceleration will be decreased. 10. When you apply a constant force to an object does the object move at a constant velocity or does its velocity increase? Explain why this occurs using your understanding of acceleration/force (gravity). The mass of an item, which changes based on the materials it is constructed of, and the net balance of all external forces acting on it work together to determine its acceleration, according to Newton's Second Law. The mass of an object affects its acceleration in an inverse proportion.

5 Following is a mathematical representation of the force. F = m × a The force in this situation is F, the mass is m, and the acceleration is a. Since mass is a constant, the relationship between force and acceleration will be inversely proportional. Therefore, the acceleration will increase as the applied force increases 11. Use the MOTION Section. DIRECTIONS : Click reset, and recheck all the boxes Pick an object and find its acceleration when pushed with forces of 100N, 200N, 300N, 400N, and 500N (record below). Name of Object: __________Trash Can________ Mass of Object (kg): ___100_________ Force(N) Acceleration (m/s 2 ) a=F/m 100 1 200 2 300 3 400 4 500 5 12. When you increase the applied force, what happens to the acceleration of the object? Explain. The acceleration of an object rises proportionally to the force applied to it. We can state that force and acceleration are identical because the mass does not change when the acceleration rises. PART C: Use the ACCELERATION section. DIRECTIONS : Click reset and recheck all the boxes 13. WE WILL NOT BE USING FRICTION FOR THIS PART. To disable friction, move friction slider to all the way to the left to choose none. Apply a 500N force to each of the following masses and complete the table to summarize your results. Note that you can calculate mass by dividing the net force by acceleration.

6 Object Mass (kg) Applied Force (N) Net Force (N) Acceleration (m/s 2 ) Mass Calculated (kg) Child 40 500 500 12.5 40 Adult 80 500 500 6.25 80 Box 50 500 500 10 50 Refrigerator 200 500 500 2.5 200 14. Now apply friction by moving the friction slider to the middle setting. We are choosing medium friction for this part. Again, complete the table for a 500 N applied force. Object Mass (kg) Applied Force (N) Net Force (N) Acceleration (m/s 2 ) Mass Calculated (kg) Child 40 500 420 10.5 40 Adult 80 500 340 4.25 80 Box 50 500 400 8 50 Refrigerator 200 500 0 0 200 15. How do friction, acceleration, and net force relate to each other? Explain. According to my studies, Newton's laws of motion relate friction, acceleration, speed, and net force. Since friction is a force that prevents motion between two surfaces that are in contact. It operates in the opposite direction from the applied force. The rate at which an object's velocity alters over time is known as its acceleration. It may result from a net force operating on the object, which is the culmination of all forces acting on the object. Speed is the rate at which an object travels a distance. The relationship between it and acceleration is shown by the equation v = u + at, where v is the end velocity, u is the beginning velocity, a is the acceleration, and t is the time. A force acting on an object is said to be under its net force. An object will accelerate in the direction of the net force if there is one present, and it is greater than zero. An object's acceleration and speed may be impacted by friction by reducing the net force acting on it. 16. What is Newton’s second law of motion? Do the results in this experiment agree or disagree with Newton’s 2 nd Law of motion? Use your results from table 13 and 14 to explain your answer. According to my study, Newton's Second Law of Motion indicates that an object's force is equal to the sum of its mass and acceleration. Additionally, I could conclude that Newton's Second Law of Motion is valid based on the experiment's results in tables 13 and 14. The mass of different objects can be calculated using the applied force and acceleration. The mass of that specific object can be calculated by dividing the force by acceleration. The combined mass of the things is the same as their combined theoretical masses.

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