auretr131-10-01-24

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Student Book Written Assessment AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems

AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 2 of 41 Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment Student Name Saurabh singh Student ID Number 16186 Unit Start Date 20/06/2023 Unit End Date 10/07/2023 Assessment Due Date 17/07/2023 Date Submitted 05/10/2023 This cover sheet is to be completed by the student and assessor and used as a record to determine student competency in this assessment task The assessment process and tasks were fully explained. Yes / No I am aware of which evidence will be collected and how. Yes / No I am aware of my right to appeal an assessment decision. Yes / No I am aware that I can locate the AIBT’s Complaints and Appeals Policy and Procedureon their website at https://aibtglobal.edu.au/ Yes / No I have discussed any additional educational support or reasonable adjustments I require in order to undertake this assessment with the Student Support Services Officer and Trainer / Assessor, (if applicable). e.g. Student Handbook and Access and Equity Policy https://aibtglobal.edu.au/ Yes / No I have access to all required resources? Yes / No Cheating & Plagiarism Declaration Student Declaration: In accordance with the AIBT’s Academic Misconduct Policy , I hereby acknowledge by signing this declaration that I have not cheated or plagiarised any work regarding the assessment tasks undertaken in this unit of competency except where the work has been correctly acknowledged. NOTE: Student must sign this prior to submitting their assessments to the assessor Signature Saurabh singh Date: _____05_ / 10______ / 2023______ Assessment Results Satisfactory or Not YetSatisfactory (Please circle or highlight the assessment result for this task) Feedback to Student - Please provide general feedback on the Student’s performance Student Declaration: - I verify that the work completed is my own and that I was adequately informed of the assessment process prior to commencing this assessment task. Assessor Declaration: - I verify that I have adequately explained and negotiated the assessment tasks with the student prior to commencing assessment. Student Signature saurabh singh Assessor Signature

AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 3 of 41 Date 05/10/2023 Date Context and Conditions of Assessment This assessment will ensure that the elements, performance criteria, performance evidence and knowledge evidence required and conditions are adhered to demonstrate competency in this unit assessment task. • Read the assessment carefully before commencing. • This is an open book assessment and will be conducted at your designated campus / workshop / specialised lab. • Your Assessor will use the assessment criteria in this document and will provide feedback / comment. • You must answer all the questions in the assessment tasks in your own words and own handwriting. • Your Trainer / Assessor will inform you of the due date for this assessment task. • Your Assessor will grade as either S – Satisfactory or NS – Not Satisfactory for the assessment. In all cases your Assessor will provide you with feedback. • Only when all assessment tasks have been graded as S – Satisfactory you will be deemed C – Competent in the final result of the unit of competency; if you do not satisfactorily complete all the assessment tasks you will be deemed NYC – Not Yet Competent. Re-Assessment Conditions • If the evidence is graded as NS – Not Satisfactory you will be required to re-submit the evidence. In this case, you will be provided with clear and constructive feedback based on the assessment decision so that they can improve your skills / knowledge prior to reassessment. • Where a ‘NS – Not Satisfactory’ judgement is made, you will be given guidance on steps to take to improve your performance and provided the opportunity to resubmit evidence to demonstrate competence. The assessor will determine and discuss the reasons for NS – Not satisfactory on any of the criteria and will assess you through a different method of assessment e.g. verbal/oral questioning, problem solving exercises. • You will be notified between 10-30 working days of undertaking an assessment of their result in achieving competency o If a student does not complete the assessment, they should notify their trainer as to why they did not complete the assessment and if due to illness, a medical certificate must be produced. o In the above scenario, student will be given an opportunity for reassessment within 5 working days with no reassessment fee charged. o Students who are deemed to be Not Yet Competent (NYC) will be provided with information identifying the areas in which they failed to achieve competency. Students will then have the opportunity to repeat the assessment task within 5 working days of notification with no reassessment fee charged. o If a student is deemed NYC in the reassessment or if the student did not approach the AIBT’s within five working days with a valid reason for not availing themselves of the reassessment opportunity, then those students will be given a final chance to re-sit the assessment and will be charged a reassessment fee as per AIBT rule. o After this no further reassessment attempt will be provided to the student and the student will be required to repeat the whole unit with full fee for the unit. The student will be made aware of the impact of repeating the unit may have on their student visa. o If a student is found to be cheating or plagiarising their assessment, a reassessment fee will be charged for reassessing the assessment within 5 working days. o If the student is found to be plagiarising or cheating again after conclusion of the Intervention meeting with the Course Co-ordinator, the matter will be referred to the Academic Management Committee which may result in the suspension or cancellation of their enrolment o AIBT’s has intervention strategies, including student support services available to enable students to complete qualification in the expected time frame. Students at risk of not completing within this time frame are identified as early as possible and an intervention strategy is put in place. AIBT will ensure access to: • automotive repair workplace or simulated workplace

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AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 4 of 41 • workplace instructions • manufacturer ignition system specifications • two different vehicles, vessels or machinery with ignition system faults • diagnostic equipment for ignition systems, including: o multimeter o scan tool o oscilloscope • tools, equipment and materials appropriate for repairing vehicle, vessel or machinery ignition systems. Evidence to be submitted by the student: - Completed written responses to the questions in the assessment task Assessment Decision Making Rules Your assessor will assess the evidence submitted for the following elements, performance criteria, performance evidence and knowledge evidence to confirm that the student evidence submitted demonstrates validity, sufficiency, authenticity and confirms current skills and knowledge relevant to the unit of competency. Your assessor will be looking for the following in this assessment task: - • work health and safety (WHS) and occupational health and safety (OHS) requirements relating to diagnosing and repairing ignition systems, including procedures for: o using specialised tools and equipment o using appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) o identifying hazards and controlling risks associated with: − working on high voltage ignition systems − wearing jewellery while working around high current wiring systems • operating principles of ignition systems and associated components, including: o generating principles, including Faraday’s law and inducing an electromotive force (EMF) • application, purpose and operation of ignition systems and components, including: o ignition coils, including: − internal component function and operation: primary windings, iron core and secondary windings − electromagnetic induction in the coil − spark plugs: identification, thread size, reach, heat range, resistance-type plugs, and type and number of earth electrodes − ignition leads o Kettering ignition system, including: − primary section: battery, ignition switch, ballast resistor, ignition coil primary windings, contact breaker point and capacitor − secondary section: ignition coil secondary windings, coil high tension lead, rotor button and distributor cap, spark plug high tension leads and spark plugs − firing order − ignition timing and methods of varying timing according to engine load and speed o electronic ignition systems, including: − pulse generator systems: stator and rotor units, ignition control units, current limiting and dwell control − Hall effect systems: Hall effect device, and permanent magnet and signal waveform − optical ignition systems: light emitting diodes (LEDs), rotating disc and optical electronic semiconductors o magneto ignition systems: shuttle and inductor magnetos, and energy transfer ignition systems o capacitive discharge ignition (CDI) systems: − transformer, charging circuit, triggering circuit, main capacitor and rectifier − alternating current CDI − direct current CDI o waste spark ignition systems

AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 5 of 41 o coil on plug ignition systems • diagnostic testing procedures for ignition systems, including: o using diagnostic flow charts o testing electrical systems, including procedures for: − accessing electrical terminals and using test probes without damaging connectors, fuse holders or wiring − checking resistance, current flow and voltage drop of ignition system circuits − testing ignition coils o using oscilloscopes, including interpreting ignition system primary and secondary waveforms • repair procedures for ignition systems, including: o removing and replacing faulty or damaged components o setting contact breaker gap and checking dwell o adjusting ignition system timing o removing, replacing and re-timing distributors • post-repair testing procedures for ignition systems, including static and dynamic performance tests of ignition systems.

AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 6 of 41 Assessment 1 – Questioning Written Assessment 1. Why should you NEVER use a test-light to diagnose components and wires in computer systems? test light test light is used to check circuits and components while electrical current is flowing through them , do not use a test light ro probe electronics ignition , spark plug or coil wires. Never use a pick type test light to probe wiring on computer controlled systems unless specifically instructed to do so 2. NEVER use a test light to probe for power in an electronic circuit. They could have electricity going through them, which could cause a dangerous electric shock. 3. You should NEVER connect a ‘self - powered’ test -light to a circuit that is powered. Why? The test lights little amount of power is enough to harm many electrical automobile components 4. Analogue meter cannot be used on a computer-controller circuit unless expressly directed to do so in the workshop manual. Why? Because do not provide such a high input impedance as a digital one. 5. Explain why the leads of an ammeter should NEVER be place the across the battery or a load. A significant current will flow, restricted only by the battery internal resistance and the meters resistanceThe problem is that an ammeter has a very low internal resistance. (It is designed to measure the current with minimal loading effect on the load.) If you connect it across the terminals of a battery a large current will flow, limited only by the internal resistance of the battery and the meter - both of which will be low

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AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 7 of 41 6. Identify five (5) important items of personal safety. 1 Gloves 2 Masks 3 Ear muffs 4 Safety glasses 5 Safety boots 7. What precautions should be observed when working around high voltage ignition systems. Turbine ignition systems have a high energy level and voltage , which can inflict harm or death to anyone who comes into touch with them . tighten and secure as needed , and replace any broken wiring or components . as needed , secure , tighten, and and secure. 8. Rings, necklaces, bracelets and watches should not be worn while working around starting systems. Why? When working with the electronics all jewellery should be removed . because metal conducts electricity , an electrical charge passing through a ring or watchband can be exceedingly dangerous. Severe burns are possible. 9. Explain the three (3) things an ignition system must be able to do? First, it must genrate an electrical spark that has enough heat to ignite the air- fuel mixture in the combustion chamber. Second, it must maintain the spark long enough to allow for the combustion of all the air fuel in the cylinder. Third, it must deliver the spark to each cylinder so combustion begain at right time.

AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 8 of 41

AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 9 of 41 10. Describe the principle of “Faraday’s Law”? Induced voltage in a circuit is proportional to the rate of change in magnetic flux through that circuit over time. 11. Electromotive force is measured in volts? True or False: True 12. A late model ignition system can supply 30,000 to 60,000 volts of electricity. True or False: true 13. Explain the purpose of the ignition system? Purpose of ignition system is to produce a very high voltage from the cars 12 volt battery , and to send this to each sparkplug in turn , igniting the fuel 14. What happens when the low-voltage current flow in the coil primary winding is interrupted by the switching device? A. The magnetic field around the primary winding collapses B. The movement of the magnetic field across the winding induces a high voltage in the secondary winding C. Both “The magnetic field around the primary winding collapses” and “The movement of the magnetic field across the winding induces a high voltage in the secondary winding” D. Neither “The magnetic field around the primary winding collapses” nor “The movement of the magnetic field across the winding induces a high voltage in the secondary winding” 15. Complete the following statement about primary windings using the following words. Words: Collapse, Field, Ground, Magnetic, Passes, Primary, Stopped, Switch, When the ignition ___switch_______ is on, current from the battery flows through the ignition switch and primary circuit resistor to the _primary_________ winding of the ignition coil. From there it __passes________ through some type of switching device and back to __ground________. The current flow through the ignition coil’s primary winding creates a magnetic field. As the current continues to flow, the __magnetic________ field gets stronger. When the triggering device signals to the switching unit that the piston is approaching TDC on the compression stroke, current flow is ___stopped______. This causes the magnetic field around the primary winding to ___collapse_______ across the secondary winding. The movement of the magnetic

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AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 10 of 41 ____field______ across the winding induces a high voltage in the secondary winding. The action of the secondary circuit begins at this point.

AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 11 of 41 16. Which of the following components is part of the primary ignition circuit? A. Spark plug B. Spark plug cable C. Ignition switch D. Neutral safety switch 17. Name the components of the ignitions primary circuit. 1 battery 2 ignition switch 3 resistance wire 4 starting by pass 5 ignition coil primary winding 6 triggering device 7 control module 18. The ignition coil is essentially a pulse? Transformer 19. Explain what the secondary windings do in the ignition system? The secondary circuit carry ’s high voltage to the spark plug

AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 12 of 41 20. Name the parts of a conventional coil below. https://www.ngk.com.au/technical_info/ignition-coils-in-detail-2/ 1 housing 2 winding layers made of insulting paper. 3 Secondary coil +terminal 4connection 4 Lightweight sheet 5 Mould compound 6 Terminal 15 7 High voltage connection (ignition distributer /terminal 4) 8 Terminal 1 9 Insulating cover 10 Magnetic core 11 Primary coil 12 Secondary coil 13 Insulating body 21. Name the partsof a block (waste spark) coil below. https://www.ngk.com.au/technical_info/ignition-coils-in-detail-2/ 1 Primary coil 2 Mould compound 3 High voltage cylinder 2+3 4 High voltage cylinder 1+4 5 Terminal 1+15+31 6 Magnetic core 7 Secondary coil

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AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 13 of 41 22. Name the parts of a pencil (COP) coil below. https://www.ngk.com.au/technical_info/ignition-coils-in-detail-2/ 1 Mould compound 2 Primary coil 3 Magnetic core 4 Terminal 1+15+31 5 Secondary coil 6 High voltage connection (spark plug/ 23. The primary coil is normally composed of 100 to 200 turns of 20-gauge wire. True or False: true 24. The secondary coil consists of 15,000 to 25,000, or more, turns of very fine copper wire. True or False: true 25. What happens when the low-voltage current flow in the coil primary winding is interrupted by the switching device? The switching device opens the primary winding circuit, and its magnetic field collapse, inducing a high voltage surge in the coil secondary winding

AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 14 of 41 26. Complete the following statement about electromagnetic induction in the coilusing the following words. Words: Conductor, Circuit, Current, EMF, Field, Force, Magnetic, Maximum, Primary, Reactance, Spark, Winding Because of the effects of counter __emf________ on the currentflowing through the primary winding, it takessome time for the coil to become fully magnetised orsaturated. Therefore, _____current_____ flows in the primarywinding for some time between firings of the ____spark______ plugs. The period of time during which there is ______primary____ current flow is often called dwell. The length ofthe dwell period is important. When current flows through a ____conductor______, it willimmediately reach its maximum value as allowed bythe resistance in the _____circuit_____. If a conductor is woundinto a coil, maximum current will not be immediatelyachieved. As the ___magnetic_______ field begins to form as thecurrent begins to flow, the magnetic lines of __force________ ofone part of the winding pass over another part of the____winding______. This tends to cause an oppositionto current flow. This occurrence is called___reactance_______. Reactance causes a temporary resistanceto current flow and delays the flow of current fromreaching its maximum value. When _maximum_________ currentflow is present in a winding, the winding is said tobe saturated and the strength of its magnetic __field________ willalso be at a maximum. 27. A typical coil requires 2 to 6 milliseconds to become saturated. True or False: true 28. Name the parts of a typical spark plug below. 1 terminal 2 insulator 3 steel shell 4 seal 5 central electrode 6 ground 7 threads 8 seal 9 resistor

AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 15 of 41 29. Spark plug fires before the piston reaches top dead centre (TDC). True or False: true 30. A spark plug’s ceramic core or insulator acts as a heat conductor. True or False: true 31. Reach, heat range, and air gap are all characteristics that affect the performance of which ignition system component? A. Ignition coils B. Ignition cables C. Spark plugs D. Breaker points 32. Resistor-type spark plugs, the resistor increases the plug firing voltage. True or False: true 33. Resistor-type spark plugs, the resistor helps reduce radio frequency interference [RFI], which can interfere with, or damage, radios, computers, and other electronic accessories, such as GPS systems. True or False: true 34. By what factor is the heat range of a spark plug determined? The length of the insulator in contact with the spark plug shell 35. What is spark plug reach? The distance between the end of the threads and the seat of the spark plug

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AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 16 of 41 36. Why is the correct spark plug heat range important? Choosing the right heat range is crucial for high performance engines. If the heat range is too cold, the spark plug will be unable to properly self- clean by burning off carbon deposits. If the heat range is too hot, your engine could experience detonation, pre-ignition, or power loss. The most serious result of selecting a heat range that is too hot is overheating. Overheating will cause the electrodes to wear quickly and can lead to pre-ignition. 37. Some spark plugs have platinum or iridium tipped electrodes to extend the life of the plug. True or False: true 38. The ribs on a spark plug help prevent electric arcing on the outside of the insulator. True or False: true 39. The hex size [socket size] used for tightening and losing the spark plugs is either 5/8 in. or ______. A. 19 mm B. 22 mm C. 11/16 in. D. 13/16 in. 40. Automotive spark plugs are available with thread diameter of? 12mm,14mm,16mm,18mm

AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 17 of 41 41. Complete the following statement about ground electrode designs using the following words. Words: Combustion, Electrodes, Fire, Flame, Four, Gap, Jump, Points, Resistance, Spark, U-groove Electrode Designs Spark plugs are available with many different shapes and numbers of _____electrode_____. When trying to ascertain the advantages of each design, remember the ___spark_______ is caused by electrons moving across an air gap. The electrons will always _jump_________ in the direction of the least electrical resistance. Therefore, if there are ___four_______ ground electrodes to choose from, the electrons will jump to the closest. Also, keep in mind that the contents and pressure of the air in the air _gap_________ influences the resistance of the air gap. Again, the electrons will jump across the path of least ____resistance______. Therefore, spark plugs with four ground electrodes do not typically supply a spark to all four electrodes. Some ground electrodes have a ____u groove______ machined into the side that faces the centre electrode. The U-groove allows the flame front to fill the gap formed by the U. This ball of ___fire_______ develops a larger and hotter flame front, leading to a more complete ____combusion______. One brand of spark plug has a V-shaped ground electrode. This style of electrode does not block the ___flame_______ front and allows it to travel upward through the V notch into the combustion chamber. These spark plugs may be equipped with three separate __point________ of platinum, one at each end of the V and the other at the centre electrode. 42. Name the parts of the spark plug lead below. 1 Rayon braid 2 Conductive neoprene 3 Carbon impregnated line strain 4 Rayon braid 5 Insulating materials 6 Insulating jacket 43. Modern ignition cables contain carbon fibre cores that act as a(n) ____ in the secondary circuit to cut down on radio and television interference and reduce spark plug wear. A. Insulator B. Resistor C. Semiconductor D. heat shield 44. Explain what the spark plug leads do in the ignition system? Spark plug leads, also known as ignition cables or spark plug wires, play a crucial role in the ignition system. They are responsible for transmitting high-voltage current from the ignition coil or distributor to the spark plugs, where the current is used to generate a spark for igniting the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber.

AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 18 of 41 The spark plug leads are designed to provide proper insulation and electrical conductivity to ensure efficient transmission of the high-voltage current. They are typically made of a high-quality, durable material with good insulation properties to prevent leakage of electrical current and maintain the integrity of the spark path.

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AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 19 of 41 45. Aballast resister is incorporated to: A. Assist starting B. Improve starter operation C. Improve point life D. Increase performance under load 46. A condenser is used to enhance spark voltage and: A. Improve starting B. Improve contact durability C. Decrease point life D. Assist the ballast 47. Name the component of the Kettering ignition system below. 1 Ignition coil 2 battery 3 ignition switch 4 Distributor cap 5 Rotor 6 Distributor assembly 7 condenser 8 spark plug 9 breaker point assembly

AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 20 of 41 10 primary winding 11 secondary winding 12. ballas resistor 48. The breaker points that are inside the distributor are also referred to as: A. Coil points B. Ignition points C. Contact points D. Distributor points

AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 21 of 41 49. The capacitor, is also known as the: A. Diode B. Transformer C. Condenser D. Coil 50. Explain the operation of the primary circuit in a breaker point ignition. In a breaker point ignition system, the primary circuit plays a fundamental role in creating the necessary conditions for generating a spark at the spark plugs. The primary circuit includes components such as the battery, ignition coil, breaker points (also called contact points), condenser (capacitor), and the wiring connecting these elements. Here's an overview of the operation of the primary circuit in a breaker point ignition: 1. **Battery Supply:** The primary circuit begins with the battery, which supplies the initial electrical power to the ignition system. 2. **Ignition Coil:** The battery sends low-voltage electrical current to the ignition coil. The ignition coil consists of two coils of wire: the primary winding and the secondary winding. The primary winding receives the low-voltage current from the battery. 3. **Breaker Points and Condenser:** - **Breaker Points:** The breaker points are a set of contacts that open and close to interrupt the primary circuit's electrical flow. They are connected to the primary winding of the ignition coil. - **Condenser (Capacitor):** The condenser is connected parallel to the breaker points. Its role is to absorb and prevent the formation of arcing across the contacts of the breaker points when they open. 4. **Points Operation:** - When the engine is running, the distributor cam, driven by the engine's camshaft, opens and closes the breaker points. - As the points open, the primary circuit is interrupted, causing a sudden collapse of the magnetic field in the primary winding of the ignition coil.

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AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 22 of 41 5. **Magnetic Field Collapse:** When the points open, the interruption in the primary circuit's current flow causes a rapid collapse of the magnetic field in the ignition coil's primary winding. 6. **Induced Voltage in Secondary Coil:** The rapid collapse of the magnetic field induces a high-voltage surge (far greater than the battery's voltage) in the secondary winding of the ignition coil. 7. **Spark Generation:** The induced high-voltage surge from the ignition coil's secondary winding is transferred to the distributor cap and then to the spark plugs via the ignition wires. This surge creates a high- voltage spark at the spark plugs, igniting the air-fuel mixture in the engine's cylinders. The opening and closing of the breaker points within the primary circuit control the timing of the spark, synchronizing it with the engine's piston position. This process occurs continuously, producing sparks in each cylinder at the correct moment for combustion, powering the engine and keeping it running. Modern ignition systems have largely transitioned away from breaker point systems to electronic ignition systems, which use solid-state components and sensors for more precise timing control. 51. Explain the operation of the secondary circuit in a breaker point ignition. As the breaker points interrupt the current through the primary circuit, the primary current in the primary winding collapses, and this current change induces a voltage in the secondary winding as the moving primary magnetic field cuts across it.. Since the secondary winding has more turns, its induced voltage is

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AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 23 of 41 higher than the voltage applied to the primary. This high secondary voltage is sent to the spark plug of a cylinder at the right time to ignite the gasoline. Of course, once the primary current has sunk to zero, there is no more induction in the secondary, and the secondary voltage drops. The secondary circuit is therefore performing the function of a momentarily-activated step-up high voltage transformer. 12 volts is converted to thousands of volts because of the “ turns ratio “ of the windings. The points are essential. A steady current in the primary will not induce much if any voltage in the secondary. 52. What is an engine’s firing order? The firing order of an internal combustion engine is the sequence of ignition for the cylinders. In a spark ignition (e.g. gasoline/petrol) engine, the firing order corresponds to the order in which the spark plugs are operated

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AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 24 of 41 53. Complete the following statement about ignition timingusing the following words. Words: Adjusted, Advance, Degrees, Earlier, Engine, Pressure, Stroke When an engine is idling, the spark is timed to occur at a specified number of ____degrees______ before top-dead-centre (TDC) of the compression ______stroke____. This allows time for combustion to start and build ___pressure_______ before the piston commences its downward power stroke. At higher __engine________ rpm, with increased piston speeds, the spark has to occur ___earlier_______ to allow the same time before the piston reaches TDC. The spark timing has also to be ____adjusted______ to suit the load imposed on the engine. At light engine loads the spark timing can be advanced, but for heavy engine loads less spark __advance________ is needed and so the timing is retarded 54. There are three (3) general methods of controlling spark advance. What are they? 1 Centrifugal advance 2 Vacuum advance 3 Combine centrifugal and vacuum advance 1 2 3 55. Centrifugal advance is directly related to? Engine speed 56. Vacuum advance is directly related to? Intake airspeed and engine load 57. Describe the term “dwell time”? The dwell time is the amount of time the ignition coil primary has current running through it. So in a points ignition system, it is the amount of time the points are closed. There is only current sent to the spark plug when the points open. So if the dwell time is too short, the current in the primary coils of the ignition coil has not been able to build up far enough so there is not enough magnetic energy stored in the coil to give a good spark.

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AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 25 of 41

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AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 26 of 41 58. Magnetic pulse generators produce a weak DC voltage when the teeth of the trigger wheel rotate past the pickup coil. True or False: false 59. The magnetic field surrounding the pickup coil in a magnetic pulse generator moves when the ______. A. Reluctor tooth approaches the ignition coil B. Reluctor tooth begins to move away from the pickup coil C. Reluctor tooth begins to move away from the ignition coil D. The pickup coil is midway between two reluctor teeth 60. A magnetic pulse generator type sensor generates a small AC voltage each time one of the machined slots in the trigger wheel passes by. True or False: true 61. Some ignition systems use dual Hall-effect sensors that produce a 3x and 18x/revolution pulse. True or False: true 62. A hall-effect switch generates a square wave voltage signal. True or False: true 63. A magnetic pulse generator consists of two parts: a reluctor (trigger wheel) and a pick-up coil. True or False: true 64. A Hall-effect sensor has three wires connecting it to the PCM: (1) a 5- to 12-volt reference voltage, (2) ground, and (3) signal voltage. True or False: true 65. Some engines use a photoelectric (optical) sensor designed with an LED, a phototransistor, and a slotted disc to identify crankshaft position. True or False: true

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AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 27 of 41 66. Complete the following statement about ignition timing using the following words. Words: Crankshaft, Cylinders, Interrupter, LED, Optical, Photoelectric, Ring, Voltage Some distributor ignition systems relied on __Photoelectric________ sensors to monitor engine position. These sensors are also called _____optical_____ sensors. They consisted of an ___LED_______, a lightsensitive phototransistor (photo cell), and a slotted disc called an interrupter. As the __interrupter________ rotated between the LED and the photo cell, a square wave ______voltage____ signal was generated in the photo cell. Photoelectric sensors may combine both the CKP and CMP sensors together, using one interrupter _____Ring_____ and two sets of LEDs and photo cells. The CKP uses 360 slots in the interrupter, one for each degree of ____crankshaft______ rotation. The CMP uses the number of slots equal to the number of _______cylinders___ of the engine. The slot for cylinder number one is larger to differentiate it from the others. 67. Name the three (3) classified magneto ignition system. Low tension High tension Energy transfer 1 2 3 68. On the High-Tension Magnet ignition system, the position of the magnets on the flywheel is very important. Why? To generate the voltage at the exact time needed, the magnetic in the fly wheel must be properly aligned. 69. For the high-Tension Magneto system to work, where must the ignition coil be mounted? The ignition coil must be mountain in a stationary position close to the fly wheel. 70. The main difference between the Low-Tension Magneto ignition system and the High-Tension system? A high tension system is designed for high altitude aircraft, while a low tension system is for low to medium altitude aircraft. A low tension system uses a transformer coil near the spark plugs to boost voltage, while the high tension

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AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 28 of 41 system voltage is constant from the magneto to the spark plugs.

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AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 29 of 41 71. Complete the following statement about Energy-Transfer ignition systems using the following words. Words: Difference, Ignition, Magnetic, Parallel, Series, Voltage The energy-transfer _____ignition_____ system is the most popular type of magneto ignition system found on motorcycles. The primary ___difference_______ between the energy-transfer system and the magneto systems previously discussed is that the breaker points are connected in ____parallel______ with the primary circuit instead of in ______series____. By having the points wired in parallel, the primary winding in the ignition coil induces _____voltage_____ into the secondary windings by using a rapid build-up of a _______magnetic___ field instead of a rapid collapse of the field. 72. On the Capacitor Discharge Ignition (CDI) system, what happen to the exciter coil as the flywheel rotates past it? The alternating current produce by the exciter winding is rectified by the diots in the CDI unit. 73. What does the capacitor do in the Capacitor Discharge Ignition (CDI) unit? The capacitor in the CDI unit stores this energy unit it is needed to fire the spark plug. 74. On some Capacitor Discharge Ignition (CDI) system, they use direct current from the battery as it source of voltage. A voltage booster is used to amplified the battery voltage to? A. 100 volts B. 200 volts C. 300 volts D. 400 volts 75. The waste-spark ignition system on a four-cylinder engine with dual plug [two spark plugs per cylinder] cylinder heads requires four ignition coils. True or False: true 76. The waste-spark ignition system using one ignition coil for every two cylinders. Two plugs fire at the same time, with one wasting the spark on the exhaust stroke. True or False: true

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AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 30 of 41 77. The waste-spark ignition system using one ignition coil for every two cylinders. One plug fires in the normal direction and the other in reversed polarity. True or False: true 78. Describe a waste spark ignition system. Wasted spark ignition systems are a type of DIS, which uses one coil for every two cylinders. The coil provides the spark for one of the paired cylinders on the compression stroke and to the other on the exhaust stroke. Because the coil fires the spark plug on the exhaust stroke as well, it is appropriately named 'wasted spark ignition'. In effect, the spark plugs fire simultaneously and twice as often. 79. The Coil-over-plug (COP) ignition system allows the ignition timing for each cylinder to be individually changed for maximum performance as the system responds to knock sensor signals. True or False: true 80. One of the advantages of a coil-on-plug type ignition system is that it eliminates the need for ______. A. Crankshaft position sensor [CKP] B. Camshaft position sensor [CMP] C. Knock sensor [KS] D. Spark plug wires 81. Describe a coil-on-plug (COP) ignition system.

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AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 31 of 41 A coil on plug (COP) ignition is a system where an individual ignition coil is placed atop a spark plug, found on the head of the cylinder and separating coils from exhaust heat. This makes it easier for spark plugs to receive voltage. 82. Diagnostic aids include? A. Decision trees B. Symptom-based diagnostics C. A combination of “decision trees” and “symptom -based diagnostics ” D. None of these answers are correct

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AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 32 of 41 83. The first step in a logical diagnostic approach is to? A. Gather information B. Verify the problem exists C. Research the information D. None of these answers are correct 84. Complete the following statement about front and back probing using the following words? Words: Cause, Circuits, Connector, Copper, Correct, Damage, Deform, Diagram, Fault, Measurements, Probing, Problem, Safety, Terminals, Wire When making any checks with a meter, follow all ___Safety_______ precautions. Try to take all measurements at a connector. Because the terminals at the connector can be ____Damage______ by inserting a meter‟s test leads into the connector, always use the _____Correct _____ adapter on the ends of the test leads. Adapters are available to match the size of the _____Terminals_____. Using too large of an adapter can __deform________ the terminals. When measurements are taken at the mating side (front) of a disconnected ___Connector_______, this is called front probing. When measurements are taken at the back or wire side of a connected connector, this is called back ___probing_______. Front probing is the preferred way to take ______Measurements____. At times, it may be necessary to make direct contact with a wire by piercing through the insulation. Make sure not to damage the ____wire______ and cover the pierced area with electrical tape or clear fingernail polish. This will prevent the _Copper_________ wire from corroding. The key to identifying the exact ______Cause____ of the problem is limiting all testing to the components and _____Circuits_____ that could be causing the problem. An understanding of the __problem________, coupled with an understanding of the circuit, will lead to the _____Fault_____. A wiring diagram will serve as the map to the problem. Your understanding and knowledge will tell you where you want to go and the wiring _______Diagram___ will tell you how to get there. 85. An infinite reading means that the coil windings has zero resistance and is shorted. True or False: false 86. The secondary winding in a waste spark [doubled-ended] coil should be checked by connecting the meter across the two secondary terminals. True or False: true

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AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 33 of 41 87. An ohmmeter connected to the leads of a pickup coil in a DI ignition system reads 14 ohms of resistance. The reading indicates that the pickup coil ______. A. Is satisfactory B. Is shorted C. Is open D. Has high resistance 88. Describe how to test the integrity of a suspect electrical connection. Using a voltmeter to test for voltage drop is a good way to diagnose circuit health once continuity has been established. Manually checking the circuit wires for any defects enables a technician to pinpoint any problems with the integrity of the circuit. 89. Interpret the following primary and secondaryoscilloscope waveforms below. 1 Firing section 2 Intermediate section 3 Dwell section 1 1 Firing section 2 2 Intermediate section 3 3 Dwell section 4 4 Firing line 5 5 Spark line 6 6 Transistor on 7 7 Transistor off

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AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 34 of 41 90. Complete the following statement about removing and replacing spark plug wires using the following words. Words: Air, Cable, Compression, Fire, Installed, Magnetic, Piston, Plug, Secure, Spark When spark plug wires are being ___installed_______, make sure they are routed properly as indicated in the vehicle‟s service manual. When removing the spark plug wires from a spark plug, grasp the __spark________ plug boot tightly, and twist while pulling the ___cable_______ from the end of the plug. When installing a spark plug wire, make sure the boot is firmly seated around the top of the plug, then squeeze the boot to expel any _____Air_____ that may be trapped inside. Two spark __plug________ wires should not be placed side by side for a long span if these wires fire one after the other in the cylinder firing order. When two spark plug wires that __fire________ one after the other are placed side by side for a long span, the _____magnetic_____ field from the wire that is firing builds up and collapses across the other wire. This magnetic collapse may induce enough voltage to fire the other spark plug and wire when the ______piston____ in this cylinder is approaching TDC on the __compression________ stroke. This action may cause detonation and reduced engine power. Also make sure that the wires are ____secure______ in their looms and that the looms are properly placed. 91. Removing and replacing spark plugs should be done with a spark plug socket. True or False: true 92. Explain the procedure to adjusted contact breaker gap and dwell angle. Loosen the contact-breaker fixings slightly (See Fitting and adjusting contact-breaker points ), on some distributors you may have to remove the rotor arm to do this, and adjust the gap as needed. Reduce it to increase the angle if the reading was too low; increase it to lower the angle if the reading was too high. Replace the rotor arm if removed, and the distributor cap. Switch on the engine and check the dwell-meter reading again. If the figure is still not correct, switch off and reset the gap. Continue the procedure until you obtain the correct reading.

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AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 35 of 41 93. Only engines equipped with a distributor may need to have their ignition timing set or adjusted. True or False: true

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AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 36 of 41 94. Complete the following statement about adjusting ignition timing using the following words Words: Base, Crankshaft, Degrees, Flashes, Flywheel, Number, Passes, Pulley, Retarded, Rotate, TDC, Timing, To check the ignition ___Timing_______, a timing light is aimed at the ignition timing marks. The timing marks are usually located on the crankshaft pulley or on the ____Flywheel______. A stationary pointer, line, or notch is positioned above the rotating timing marks. The timing marks are lines on the crankshaft ___Pulley_______ or flywheel that represent various positions of the piston as it relates to ____TDC______. When piston 1 is at TDC, the timing line or notch will line up with the zero-reference mark on the timing plate. Usually an engine is timed so that the _____Number_____ 1 spark plug fires several degrees BTDC. The timing light ___Flashes_______ every time the number 1 spark plug fires. When pointed at the timing marks, the strobe of the light will freeze the spinning timing marks as it ____Passes______ the timing scale. The ignition timing is checked by observing the degrees of _____Crankshaft_____ rotation (BTDC or ATDC) when the spark plug fires. After you have a ______Base____ timing reading, compare it to the specifications. As an example, if the specification calls for 10 __Degrees________ before TDC and your reading was 3 degrees before TDC, the timing is _____Retarded_____ 7 degrees. This means the timing must be advanced by 7 degrees. To do this, ______Rotate____ the distributor until the timing marks align at 10 degrees. Then retighten the distributor hold-down bolt. 95. Explain the procedure to remove a distributor. Unplug the battery wire, tachometer wire, and pick-up-to-ignition-coil three-wire harness from the distributor cap. Remove the plug wires. On Corvettes it is sometimes difficult to see which cylinder each plug wire feeds without removing the wire completely. It is a good idea to mark the wires, so you will know where they go on the distributor cap. Remove the distributor cap. Crank the engine slowly until the rotor blade aims at a fixed point on the engine or firewall. This will allow you to mark exactly where the rotor button is pointing, to use as a reference point when reinstalling the distributor. As a result, you’ll be certain that your timing is accurate, and the oil-pump drive is in the correct location. Before loosening the distributor hold-down, mark the exact position of the vacuum advance. Once the hold down is loosened, the distributor base can be rotated. Again, put a mark on the engine or firewall as a reference point, so you’re sure to reinstall the distributor the base in the exact same position. This will ensure that your base timing is close. Remove the distributor hold-down bolt and clamp. Remove the distributor from the vehicle. Notice how far the rotor button moves in a counterclockwise motion when pulling the distributor up. This will be important when reinstalling the distributor.

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AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 37 of 41

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AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 38 of 41 96. Explain the procedure to refit a distributor. In vehicular terminology, the distributor is an important part of a vehicle's ignition system. Most older models of vehicles contain a mechanical distributor, while more recent models almost always have electronic, computer controlled distributors or even distributor-less ignition systems. These modern distributors aren't terribly mechanicfriendly, but older mechanical varieties can be replaced (and often are to improve engine performance). Recreate the marks you've made on your new distributor. If you haven't already done so, remove your new distributor from its packaging. Make the same marks that you made on your old distributor on your new distributor. Ensure that the rotor is in the marked position before installing. As noted above, the position of the rotor in the new distributor must match the rotor position in the old distributor exactly or your vehicle won't be able to start. Ensure your rotor is lined up with the marking you made. As you install the distributor, take care not to accidentally move or nudge the rotor. Re-connect the distributor's wires and replace the cap. Connect each wire to the distributor according to the markings you made. Ensure that you fasten each wire in its correct place - each one should be re-attached in the location that corresponds to its original location on the old rotor. Start the vehicle. Double check all of your connections and attempt to start the vehicle. If the vehicle won't start, but sounds "close", try adjusting the position of the rotor a tiny amount (no greater than the width of the mark you made) and trying again. If the engine sounds less close to starting, adjust the rotor in the other direction. If it sounds closer to starting, continue to adjust it slightly in the same direction. When you get the vehicle to start, allow it to "warm up" until it idles smoothly.

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AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 39 of 41 97. After completing repairs on a vehicle, why must you recheck the ignition system? You must recheck the ignition system after completing repairs on a vehicle because any changes made to the engine or electrical system during repairs can affect the ignition system's performance. Ignition system issues can cause the engine to misfire, run poorly, or not start at all, leading to potential safety hazards. Therefore, it is essential to ensure that the ignition system is functioning correctly before returning the vehicle to the road. Potential secondary issues: During the repair process, it is possible that other components or systems may have been affected. Rechecking the ignition system allows you to identify any potential secondary issues that may have arisen as a result of the repairs. ●Overall system performance: The ignition system plays a crucial role in the operation of the engine. By rechecking the ignition system, you can evaluate its performance and ensure that it is operating optimally. This helps maintain the efficiency, reliability, and performance of the vehicle. ● Safety concerns: A faulty ignition system can pose safety risks, such as misfires, stalling, or poor engine performance. Rechecking the ignition system helps identify any safety- related issues and ensures that the vehicle is safe to operate. 98. Service Advisor responsibilities and duties Automotive service advisors greet customers, listen to their description of the problems or service

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AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 40 of 41 needed, determine the type of service required and prepare repair orders. If a vehicle requires additional repairs not covered in the original order, they estimate the additional cost and telephone the customer for permission to do the work. They also advise customers on other available services. Advises customers about necessary service for routine maintenance. Helps identify a mechanical problem by questioning the customer or doing a visual inspection or road test. Confers with customers about inspection results, recommend corrective procedures and prepare work order for needed repairs. Prepares a repair order showing time, cost and labor estimates for service. Writes a brief description of the customer’s concern on the repair order to help the technician locate the problem. Explains the work performed and the repair order charges to the customer. 99. manufacturer specifications and procedures or equivalent documentation "Manufacturer specifications and procedures or equivalent documentation" refers to detailed technical information, guidelines, and procedures provided by the vehicle's manufacturer or authorized sources. These documents are crucial resources used in automotive repair, servicing, diagnostics, and maintenance tasks 100. Importance of vehiclemaintenance and servicing A well-maintained car is a low-cost car. Regular vehicle maintenance helps lower the running expenses of owning a car: the fuel and repair costs. Scheduled check-ups allow you to spot trouble early on and repair minor issues before

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AURETR131 Diagnose and repair ignition systems Assessment 1 – Questioning – Written Assessment – AURETR131 Version: 2.0 Created: May 2021 Page 41 of 41 they blow up into something that would cost thousands to repair. Without peeking under the hood regularly, simple problems like oil leaks and worn out timing belt can turn into complete engine failure, which is more expensive to fix. Sending your car for regular servicing will also ensure that it‟s in optimum condition and cover the most mileage per gallon of fuel. This will save you lots of gas money and give more room on your budget for other expenditures. 101. housekeeping procedures In automobile Keeping your vehicles clean is one of the greatest problems affecting the operations of those within the fleet management sector. How do we keep operating in such uncertain times whilst keeping our greatest asset – our people – safe and healthy. The following Vehicle Cleaning and Sanitising Guideline is provided to help you manage the cleanliness of your fleet. It covers general clean & sanitisation, how to manage contaminated vehicles 1. HOW TO CLEAN the VEHICLES Clean all common areas before and after a vehicle is used, such as: Door handles (internal and external) Boot lid Internal handles above doors Steering wheel Seats Dashboard Seatbelts Control buttons Head rests Gear stick Grab handles Cup holders Window controls Centre console While using the vehicle, the vehicle‟s air -conditioning should be set to fresh air, not recirculate air. Vehicles can be cleaned with cleaning wipes, which are safe way..

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