Sampling Techniques and Consumer Perceptions: Study Questions

1) To study the population of consumer perceptions of new technology, sampling of the population is preferred over surveying the entire population because ______. A) sampling is more accurate B) we can compute z -scores C) it is quicker D) sampling methods are simple 2) When testing the safety of cars using crash tests, a sample of one or two cars is used because ______. A) sampling is more accurate B) cars are destroyed C) it is quicker D) the population is very large 3) A marketing firm is studying consumer preferences for winter fashions in four different months. From a population of women 18 to 21 years of age, a random sample of 100 women was selected in January. Another random sample of 100 women was selected in March. Another random sample of 100 women was selected in June. Another random sample of 100 women was selected in September. What is the sample size? A) 4 B) 100 C) 400 D) 1 4) A marketing firm is studying consumer preferences for winter fashions in four different months. From a population of women 18 to 21 years of age, a random sample of 100 women was selected in January. Another random sample of 100 women was selected in March. Another random sample of 100 women was selected in June. Another random sample of 100 women was selected in September. What is the number of samples? A) 4 B) 100 C) 400 D) 1 1

5) When all the items in a population have an equal chance of being selected for a sample, the process is called ______. A) simple random sampling B) z -score C) sampling error D) nonprobability sampling 6) What is the difference between a sample mean and the population mean called? A) Standard error of the mean B) Sampling error C) Interval estimate D) Point estimate 7) Suppose we select every fifth invoice in a file. What type of sampling is this? A) Random B) Cluster C) Stratified D) Systematic 8) All possible samples of size n are selected from a population, and the mean of each sample is determined. What is the mean of the sample means? A) It is the population mean. B) It is larger than the population mean. C) It is smaller than the population mean. D) It cannot be estimated in advance. 9) When dividing a population into subgroups so that a random sample from each subgroup can be collected, what type of sampling is used? A) Simple random sampling B) Systematic sampling C) Stratified random sampling D) Cluster sampling 10) For a distribution of sample means constructed by sampling 5 items from a population of 15, ______. A) the sample size is 15 B) there will be 3,003 possible sample means C) the mean of the sample means will be 3 D) the standard error will be 1 2

11) As the size of the sample increases, what happens to the shape of the sampling distribution of sample means? A) It cannot be predicted in advance. B) It approaches a normal distribution. C) It is positively skewed. D) It is negatively skewed. 12) According to the central limit theorem, ______. A) the population mean and the mean of all sample means are equal B) increasing sample size decreases the dispersion of the sampling distribution C) the sampling distribution of the sample means is approximately normally distributed D) the sampling distribution of the sample means will be skewed 13) Manufacturers were subdivided into groups by volume of sales. Those with more than $100 million in sales were classified as large; those from $50 to $100 million as medium size; and those between $25 and $50 million, and so on. Samples were then selected from each of these groups. What is this type of sampling called? A) Simple random sampling B) Stratified random sampling C) Cluster sampling D) Systematic sampling 14) An experiment involves selecting a random sample of 256 middle managers for study. One item of interest is their annual incomes. The sample mean is computed to be $35,420.00. If the population standard deviation is $2,050.00, what is the standard error of the mean? A) $128.13 B) $138.36 C) $2,050.00 D) $8.01 15) The wildlife department has been feeding a special food to rainbow trout fingerlings in a pond. Based on a large number of observations, the distribution of trout weights is normally distributed with a mean of 402.7 grams and a standard deviation of 8.8 grams. What is the probability that the mean weight for a sample of 40 trout exceeds 405.5 grams? A) 0.3782 B) 0.0222 C) 1.0 D) 0.5 3

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16) Suppose a research firm conducted a survey to determine the mean amount steady smokers spend on cigarettes during a week. A sample of 100 steady smokers revealed that the sample mean is $20. The population standard deviation is $5. What is the probability that a sample of 100 steady smokers spend between $19 and $21? A) 0.4772 B) 0.0228 C) 0.9544 D) 1.0000 17) The weight of trucks traveling on a particular section of I-475 has a population mean of 15.8 tons and a population standard deviation of 4.2 tons. What is the probability a state highway inspector could select a sample of 49 trucks and find the sample mean to be 14.3 tons or less? A) 0.0062 B) 0.3632 C) 0.1368 D) 0.4938 18) A statewide sample survey is to be conducted. First, the state is subdivided into counties. Seven counties are selected at random, and further sampling is concentrated on these seven counties. What type of sampling is this? A) Simple random B) Systematic random sampling C) Cluster sampling D) Stratified sampling 19) Bones Brothers & Associates prepare individual tax returns. Over prior years, Bones Brothers has maintained careful records regarding the time to prepare a return. The mean time to prepare a return is 90 minutes, and the population standard deviation of this distribution is 14 minutes. Suppose 100 returns from this year are selected and analyzed regarding the preparation time. What is the standard error of the mean? A) 14 minutes B) 140 minutes C) 1.4 minutes D) 90 minutes 4

20) Bones Brothers & Associates prepare individual tax returns. Over prior years, Bones Brothers has maintained careful records regarding the time to prepare a return. The mean time to prepare a return is 90 minutes, and the population standard deviation of this distribution is 14 minutes. Suppose 100 returns from this year are selected and analyzed regarding the preparation time. What is the probability that the mean time for the sample of 100 returns for this year is greater than 92? A) Approximately 0 B) 0.0832 C) 0.4168 D) 0.0764 21) Bones Brothers & Associates prepare individual tax returns. Over prior years, Bones Brothers has maintained careful records regarding the time to prepare a return. The mean time to prepare a return is 90 minutes, and the population standard deviation of this distribution is 14 minutes. Suppose 100 returns from this year are selected and analyzed regarding the preparation time. What is the probability that the mean time for the sample of 100 returns is between 88 minutes and 92 minutes? A) Approximately 1 B) 0.1664 C) 0.8336 D) 0.8472 22) The Office of Student Services at a large western state university maintains information on the study habits of its full-time students. Their studies indicate that the mean amount of time undergraduate students study per week is 20 hours. The hours studied follows the normal distribution with a population standard deviation of 6 hours. Suppose we select a random sample of 144 current students. What is the standard error of the mean? A) 0.50 B) 6.00 C) 0.25 D) 2.00 5

23) The Office of Student Services at a large western state university maintains information on the study habits of its full-time students. Their studies indicate that the mean amount of time undergraduate students study per week is 20 hours. The hours studied follows the normal distribution with a population standard deviation of six hours. Suppose we select a random sample of 144 current students. What is the probability that the mean of this sample is between 19 hours and 20 hours? A) 0.0228 B) 0.4772 C) 0.4325 D) 0.0675 24) The Office of Student Services at a large western state university maintains information on the study habits of its full-time students. Their studies indicate that the mean amount of time undergraduate students study per week is 20 hours. The hours studied follows the normal distribution with a population standard deviation of six hours. Suppose we select a random sample of 144 current students. What is the probability that the mean of this sample is less than 19.25 hours? A) 0.4332 B) 0.8664 C) 0.0668 D) 0.0181 25) The Intelligence Quotient (IQ) test scores for adults are normally distributed with a population mean of 100 and a population standard deviation of 15. What is the probability we could select a sample of 50 adults and find the mean of this sample is less than 95? A) 0.0091 B) 0.9818 C) 0.4909 D) 0.9544 26) The Intelligence Quotient (IQ) test scores for adults are normally distributed with a population mean of 100 and a population standard deviation of 15. What is the probability we could select a sample of 50 adults and find the mean of this sample is between 95 and 105? A) 0.0182 B) 0.9818 C) 0.2586 D) near zero 6

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27) The tread life of tires mounted on light-duty trucks follows the normal probability distribution with a population mean of 60,000 miles and a population standard deviation of 4,000 miles. Suppose we select a sample of 40 tires and use a simulator to determine the tread life. What is the likelihood of finding that the sample mean is between 59,050 and 60,950? A) 0.4332 B) 0.8664 C) 0.9332 D) 0.5668 28) How many different samples of size 4 can be selected from a population of size 8? A) 8 B) 32 C) 70 D) 1,680 29) Convenience sampling A) is the same as simple random sampling. B) ensures that samples are representative of the population. C) collects sample information from groups that are easy to obtain. D) is an unbiased sampling method. 30) Ethical research methods include A) selecting samples that you know to be biased. B) always using a census as samples as not reliable. C) using only convenience sampling to select samples. D) doing your best to select an unbiased sample. 31) The BLS uses sampling for its National Compensation Survey to report employment costs. In its first stage of sampling, it divides the U.S. into geographic regions. What type of sampling is this? A) Random B) Cluster C) Stratified D) Systematic 7

32) The BLS uses sampling for its National Compensation Survey to report employment costs. In its second stage of sampling, it divides employers by size. What type of sampling is this? A) Random B) Cluster C) Stratified D) Systematic 8

Ch 8 In-Class Questions

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