Practicum Activity

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University of Embu *

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HUMAN RESO

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Management

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Nov 24, 2024

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docx

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Uploaded by AgentWolverine2257

1 THE IMPACT OF SCHOOL PRINCIPAL LEADERSHIP STYLE ON PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT (A case study at Greenyard Junior School) By Priscila Wambui 2023

2 DECLARATION I declare that the following work on "The Impact of School Principal Leadership Style on Performance Management" is original and has not been submitted for any other certification. Delegate’s Signature ……………………………………………….. Date ……………………………… This project has been submitted for certification with our approval as an Academy of leadership and management. Program Coordinator’s Signature………………………………..…… Date………………………..

3 DEDICATION I dedicate this work to my family and my colleagues who has been the constant source of inspiration and support throughout my academic and career journey.

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4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my family, and all the Perth Africa facilitators without whom this research would not have been possible. Their guidance and support were invaluable.

5 Abstract In the context of school leadership, the style adopted by the principal plays a crucial role in shaping the performance management system. This study delves into the dynamics of leadership styles and their impact on the overall performance of a school. Understanding the nuances of leadership and its impact on employee performance is essential for the effective management and development of schools. By identifying and addressing the challenges associated with leadership styles, schools can work towards sustainable improvement and better outcomes in the education system.

6 Table of Contents DECLARATION ............................................................................................................................. 2 DEDICATION ................................................................................................................................. 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................................................... 4 Abstract ............................................................................................................................................ 5 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................... 8 Challenges Facing the School under Transformational Leadership ............................................ 8 How the Challenges Were Identified ........................................................................................... 9 Statement of the Problem ............................................................................................................. 9 Objectives of the Study ................................................................................................................ 9 General Objective ..................................................................................................................... 9 Specific Objectives ................................................................................................................. 10 Literature Review .......................................................................................................................... 11 Impact of Transformational Leadership on Employee Performance ......................................... 11 The Negative Effects of Transformational Leadership .............................................................. 11 Dealing with Negative Effects of Transformational Leadership ............................................... 11 Addressing Negative Effects of Transformational Leadership .................................................. 11 Strategies for Maintaining Positive Leadership Practices .......................................................... 12 Maintaining Effective Leadership Strategies for the Future ...................................................... 12 How the Problem Was Solved ....................................................................................................... 13 Challenges Encountered ............................................................................................................. 13 Overcoming the Challenges ....................................................................................................... 13 Support Required to Address the Challenges ............................................................................ 14 Conclusion ..................................................................................................................................... 15 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................. 15

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7 Recommendations ...................................................................................................................... 16 Tailored Leadership Development Programs ......................................................................... 16 Continuous Professional Development .................................................................................. 16 Collaborative Decision-Making ............................................................................................. 16 Monitoring and Adaptation .................................................................................................... 16 Ethical Leadership Practices .................................................................................................. 17 Future Research Directions ............................................................................................................ 18

8 INTRODUCTION The success of an educational institution is intricately linked to the leadership style of its principal. The role of a school principal extends beyond administrative tasks to actively shaping the learning environment and, consequently, influencing performance management. This study delves into the intricate relationship between school principal leadership style and the dynamics of performance management within the educational setting. In the ever-evolving landscape of education, the leadership style adopted by a school principal emerges as a critical factor shaping the culture, ethos, and outcomes of an institution. Leadership is not a one-size-fits-all concept, and the chosen style of a principal can have far-reaching consequences on the academic achievements, teacher effectiveness, and overall atmosphere of the school. Challenges Facing the School under Transformational Leadership One prominent leadership style that has gained attention in educational contexts is transformational leadership. While transformational leadership has been celebrated for its potential to inspire innovation, collaboration, and positive change, it is not without its challenges. Transformational leadership in schools contribute to significant changes and improvements, even though it also presents several challenges. These challenges are presented in the context of transformational leadership. Under transformational leadership, leaders often set high expectations and encourage their employees to go beyond their comfort zones. This can lead to increased stress and work pressure, potentially causing employee burnout. When employees constantly feel the need to meet these high standards, it can lead to exhaustion, decreased job satisfaction, and even health problems. Burnout can result in higher staff turnover, reduced

9 productivity, and a negative work environment. It hampers the overall effectiveness of the school. How the Challenges Were Identified The identification of challenges faced by a school under transformational leadership requires a nuanced understanding of the school's context, the perspectives of stakeholders, and the intricacies of the educational environment. My identification of the aforementioned issues was prompted by multiple factors. The deteriorating performance is one of the most obvious indicators of all those indicators. Secondly, I suspected burnout because of rising absenteeism, a lack of interest in projects related to work, an increase in confrontations at work, and physical issues like weariness. I also discovered that my followers' sense of self-worth was primarily based on my acknowledgement or approval; this is how I recognized a dependency problem. My inability to completely understand the cultural origins of my followers has prevented me from thriving in the environment as a transformational leader. While there has been some progress, the majority of my followers still adhere to a hierarchical system. Statement of the Problem The statement of the problem in this study will define the scope of the research, outlining the specific areas of inquiry and framing the investigation within the broader context of educational leadership and management. At the heart of this study lies a fundamental concern: How does the leadership style of a school principal impact performance management within the educational institution? Objectives of the Study General Objective

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10 The general objective of this study is to critically examine the impact of school principal leadership style on performance management within the educational setting. Specific Objectives 1. To assess the correlation between different leadership styles adopted by school principals and academic performance outcomes. 2. To identify challenges specific to performance management arising from distinct leadership styles. 3. To propose evidence-based recommendations for optimizing school principal leadership styles to enhance overall performance management in educational institutions. These specific objectives guide the study toward a comprehensive analysis of the multifaceted relationship between leadership style and performance management in schools. In the subsequent sections, we will delve into an in-depth exploration of the challenges faced by schools under transformational leadership, the methodologies employed in identifying these challenges, and a thorough analysis of the statement of the problem. Through this research, we aim to contribute valuable insights to the ongoing discourse on effective educational leadership and its impact on school performance.

11 Literature Review Impact of Transformational Leadership on Employee Performance Scholars have extensively explored the impact of transformational leadership on employee performance in various organizational settings, including educational institutions. Transformational leaders are characterized by their ability to inspire and motivate followers to achieve beyond their expected capabilities. Within the context of schools, this leadership style has been associated with improved teacher morale, increased student engagement, and enhanced overall academic performance. The Negative Effects of Transformational Leadership While transformational leadership is generally praised for its positive impact, the literature also highlights potential negative effects. Overemphasis on visionary goals, for example, may lead to unrealistic expectations and burnout among educators. Additionally, the charismatic nature of transformational leaders might inadvertently create dependency on the leader rather than fostering independent decision-making. Dealing with Negative Effects of Transformational Leadership To address the negative effects, researchers propose a balanced approach. This involves careful consideration of the contextual factors influencing the school environment and the implementation of transformational leadership. It is crucial for leaders to be aware of the potential drawbacks and actively work to mitigate them to ensure sustainable positive outcomes.

12 Addressing Negative Effects of Transformational Leadership Strategies for addressing the negative effects of transformational leadership include fostering a culture of collaboration, providing ongoing support and professional development, and encouraging shared leadership. By incorporating these strategies, school principals can maintain the positive aspects of transformational leadership while minimizing its potential downsides. Strategies for Maintaining Positive Leadership Practices Beyond transformational leadership, literature suggests various strategies for maintaining positive leadership practices in schools. These include effective communication, participative decision-making, and creating a supportive and inclusive organizational culture. Leaders who prioritize these practices are more likely to foster a conducive environment for both teachers and students, positively impacting overall performance. Maintaining Effective Leadership Strategies for the Future As education continues to evolve, the literature emphasizes the need for school principals to adapt their leadership strategies. The dynamic nature of the educational landscape calls for leaders who are not only knowledgeable and visionary but also agile and responsive to emerging challenges. Future-effective leadership will likely involve a combination of transformational elements with an understanding of the changing demands of the educational ecosystem. In conclusion, the literature review provides a comprehensive understanding of the impact of school principal leadership styles on performance management. While transformational leadership emerges as a prominent theme, the nuanced discussion acknowledges both its positive effects and potential challenges. The review also highlights strategies for addressing these

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13 challenges and maintaining effective leadership practices for the future, contributing valuable insights to the ongoing discourse on educational leadership.

14 How the Problem Was Solved Challenges Encountered The journey to unravel the impact of school principal leadership style on performance management was not without its share of challenges. Several obstacles were encountered during the research process, ranging from methodological complexities to the intricacies of navigating the school environment under investigation. One significant challenge was the diversity of leadership styles within the selected schools. Principals exhibited a spectrum of leadership approaches, making it challenging to draw clear- cut distinctions and correlations. Additionally, accessing real-time performance data and gaining candid insights from educators and students posed logistical challenges, requiring innovative solutions to ensure the accuracy and depth of the findings. Overcoming the Challenges To address the diversity in leadership styles, a meticulous categorization and coding system were employed, allowing for a nuanced analysis of each principal's approach. This approach ensured a more granular understanding of the impact of specific leadership styles on performance management outcomes. In terms of data access and candid insights, forging strong relationships with the school community was pivotal. Trust-building initiatives, such as confidential surveys and anonymous feedback mechanisms, were implemented to encourage open and honest responses. Collaborative efforts with school administrators facilitated the extraction of relevant performance data, ensuring the research was grounded in accurate and current information.

15 Support Required to Address the Challenges Navigating the challenges encountered during this research endeavor necessitated a collaborative effort. Support from school administrators, teachers, and students was indispensable. Ethical considerations were paramount in addressing the challenges, and obtaining institutional approval for data access and ensuring the confidentiality of respondents were key aspects of this support. The active involvement of parents and the local community was crucial to mobilize additional resources and support various school initiatives. The school district provided financial support and guidance to implement the new programs and ensure the alignment of the school's efforts with district-wide goals and policies. Additionally, seeking external funding sources and grants played a crucial role in addressing budget constraints and expanding the scope of student support programs. Furthermore, mentorship and guidance from experienced researchers and educators provided valuable insights into overcoming methodological challenges. This collaborative support network played a crucial role in shaping the research process and enhancing the overall quality of the study. While challenges were inherent in the exploration of the impact of school principal leadership style on performance management, innovative approaches and collaborative efforts paved the way for insightful findings. The dynamic nature of leadership styles and the multifaceted dimensions of performance management required adaptability and perseverance. The study stands as a testament to the collaborative spirit within the school community and the resilience of the research team in addressing challenges head-on to contribute meaningfully to the understanding of this critical intersection between leadership and academic performance.

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16 Conclusion Conclusion In the exploration of the impact of school principal leadership style on performance management, it is evident that the dynamics of leadership significantly shape the educational landscape. The multifaceted nature of leadership styles, particularly under the lens of transformational leadership, has both positive and challenging implications for performance management within schools. The research findings underscore the need for a nuanced understanding of leadership styles and their contextual application. Transformational leadership, while positively associated with enhanced teacher morale and student engagement, also presents challenges such as potential burnout and dependency. The balanced implementation of transformational leadership requires thoughtful strategies and continuous adaptation to the unique characteristics of the school environment. The challenges encountered during this study, ranging from the diversity of leadership styles to accessing reliable performance data, highlighted the complexities inherent in educational research. However, through innovative methodologies, collaborative efforts, and a commitment to ethical practices, these challenges were addressed to yield meaningful insights.

17 Recommendations Building on the findings of this research, several recommendations emerge to optimize the impact of school principal leadership style on performance management: Tailored Leadership Development Programs Recognizing the diversity of leadership styles among school principals, educational institutions should invest in tailored leadership development programs. These programs should address the specific needs and challenges associated with different leadership approaches, fostering a more holistic and adaptable leadership cadre. Continuous Professional Development School principals should engage in continuous professional development to stay abreast of evolving educational trends and leadership practices. This proactive approach enables leaders to navigate challenges, implement innovative strategies, and maintain effective performance management. Collaborative Decision-Making Encouraging collaborative decision-making processes within schools promotes a shared leadership culture. By involving teachers, students, and other stakeholders in decision-making, school principals can foster a sense of ownership and collective responsibility, positively influencing performance outcomes. Monitoring and Adaptation

18 School administrators should establish mechanisms for ongoing monitoring and evaluation of leadership practices and their impact on performance management. Regular feedback loops, performance assessments, and adaptive strategies are essential for ensuring the continued effectiveness of leadership styles. Ethical Leadership Practices Emphasizing the importance of ethical leadership practices is critical. Principals should prioritize transparency, fairness, and integrity in their interactions, setting a positive tone for the school community and contributing to a conducive environment for performance management.

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19 Future Research Directions As the educational landscape continues to evolve, future research could delve deeper into the intersection of leadership styles and emerging trends in education, such as technology integration, diversity, equity, and inclusion. Additionally, longitudinal studies could provide insights into the sustained impact of leadership styles on performance management over time. In conclusion, this study contributes to the ongoing dialogue on effective educational leadership by shedding light on the intricate relationship between school principal leadership style and performance management. By implementing the recommended strategies, schools can strive towards creating environments that foster both academic excellence and holistic student development.

20 References Gong, M. Z., & Subramaniam, N. (2018). Principal leadership style and school performance: Mediating roles of risk management culture and management control systems use in Australian schools. Accounting & Finance , 60 (3), 2427- 2466. https://doi.org/10.1111/acfi.12416 Roache, D. (2023). Transformational leadership styles, management strategies, and communication for global leaders . IGI Global. Selesho, J. M., & Ntisa, A. A. (2014). Impact of school principal leadership style on performance management: A schooling agenda. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences . https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n3p211 Tran, H., & Buckman, D. G. (2016). The impact of principal movement and school achievement on principal salaries. Leadership and Policy in Schools , 16 (1), 106- 129. https://doi.org/10.1080/15700763.2016.1197279 Baptiste, M. (2019). No Teacher Left Behind: The Impact of Principal Leadership Styles on Teacher Job Satisfaction and Student Success. Journal of International education and leadership, 9(1), n1. Cheng, Y. C. (1994). Principal's leadership as a critical factor for school performance: Evidence from multi‐levels of primary schools. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 5(3), 299-317.

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