Criminal Justice Final Exam

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Ashworth College *

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J10V

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Law

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May 22, 2024

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docx

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Uploaded by madisynreem

Madisyn Reem Criminal Justice J01 Final Exam Questions Part A: Answer each of the following questions in two or more complete paragraphs. Each answer is worth 12 points. 1. Define supermax, maximum, medium, and minimum prison security levels. Supermax- a control unit prison, which is the most secure level of custody. Maximum- a prison that does as much as it can to keep their prisoners from escaping and supervises them very closely. Medium- Prisons that usually house prisoners who do not have long sentences, which means that they usually have committed nonviolent crimes. Minimum- Prisons where offenders have the highest amount of freedom because they are not considered dangerous. 2. Describe the pros and cons of utilizing private security. The Pros of utilizing private security are listed below. Private security offers a tailored approach to security, which means that they can design a security plan that meets the specific needs. This can be especially useful for businesses or organizations with unique security requirements, such are various levels of security. They have a reduced response time because

they have fewer bureaucratic procedures to follow. They can also focus solely on their client's security needs, whereas public security services have a broader mandate. With private security, clients have greater control over the security measures in place. Clients can choose the personnel they want and dictate the level of training the employees should have. Clients can also choose the types of equipment and surveillance methods that they would like to be used. The cons of utilizing private security are as follows. First, cost. Private security services are typically more expensive than public security services. Next, limited accountability. Private security providers are accountable to their clients, not to the public. This can lead to abuses of power or neglect of duties. Finally, potential legal issues. Private security providers are not authorized to carry out some of the activities that public security services can, such as arrest or detention. This can lead to legal issues if private security personnel overstep their authority or engage in illegal activities. 3. Name the eight demographic factors that affect a person’s fear of crime. Explain how each factor affects one’s fear of crime. The eight demographic factors that affect a person’s fear of crime are gender, age, region, income, race, education, politics, and religion. Statistically speaking, the people who are most afraid of crime are the ones less likely to be victimized. Women are more likely to be worried about crime, as well as people 55 years old and older. Nonwhites are more likely to have fear of crime and so were people who graduated from high school or had less education that those who graduated from college. These factors all tend to have the opposite in response to fear of crime.

4. Distinguish between the informal and formal approaches in juvenile justice. Be sure to explain the fundamental difference between the juvenile justice and the criminal justice systems. Where the adult criminal justice system typically seeks punishment, the juvenile justice system usually prioritizes rehabilitation and acting in the offender’s best interest. Due to this, many alternative sentences are used to keep young offenders out of jail. Probation, diversionary programs, and parole are just a few of these options. Juvenile court is informal, non-punitive, and focused on offenders. Adult court is formal, offense-focused, and punitive. In addition to preserving public safety, the main objectives of the juvenile justice system are the successful reintegration of youth into society and the development of skills, habilitation, and rehabilitation. 5. Summarize the findings of the Knapp Commission (1972), including the types of corruption associated with the “grass-eaters” and the “meat-eaters” in police culture. The commission's findings shed light on two different types of corruption within the police force: "grass-eaters" and "meat-eaters". "Grass-eaters" were police officers who passively accepted bribes or engaged in minor corrupt activities, often due to their close association with the more corrupt colleagues. They were often considered to be less actively involved in corruption, and typically took advantage of opportunities that came their way without seeking them out.

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