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A s s i g n m e n t O n e Exercise: Short Question and Answers Student Name: Student Number: Email Address: Word Count: 763 URL (if applicable): [Insert the URL(s) where your work can be found online] All students receive a completed marking rubric with overall feedback on their work. Please indicate below if you would like additional in-text comments. Yes, I would like to receive additional comments on my work Declaration re Generative AI use for this assignment No, Generative AI was not used Please read the library guidance on using and citing Generative AI here: https://uniskills.library.curtin.edu.au/digital/gen-ai/ REMEMBER: You may be asked to provide more information during the marking process. You must keep records of prompts used and copies of your draft writing prior to using the Generative AI. Which tools did you use? (eg ChatGPT, Bing Chat, Microsoft Copilot, Google Gemini, translation software, Grammarly – preferable to other tools for grammar/phrasing) [Insert the name(s) of the tools used here] How were these tools used? (eg to generate ideas, to plan an outline, to advise me how to improve my writing) [Explain your use of the Generative AI clearly and fully. Your completed coversheet may be up to two pages long. If used to generate ideas for your assignment, include the prompts you input here. If you used it to provide information on how to improve your writing: How much did you use the AI? How much text did you ask it to analyse? What weaknesses did the AI highlight in your writing, having seen the difference between your original draft text and the final submitted version?]

1. What is the Internet? The internet is the networks of networks of computers that ensure a connection is in place to be able to communicate across these networks. Hundreds of millions of networks, including government, education and cooperate are all interconnected using the internet. (Johnson, 1995). It is important to know that there is a difference between the Internet and the World Wide Web. Whilst the internet is hardware, the web is software that runs above the internet and allows technology users to access information that the networks provide. The internet has revolutionised the way humans connect and create. Within each separate country, their government may also regulate parts of the internet to consumers, to maintain public safety. For Australia, the government has implemented the ‘Online Safety Act 2021’, as quoted by the Australian Government, “The act establishes an Online Content Scheme which is designed to protect consumers, particularly children, from harmful material”. (Australian Government, 2021). 2. What is the World Wide Web? The World Wide Web is software that runs above the internet and allows users access to information within the networks. Hypertext is a key concept beneath the web that enables people to jump from one link to another. The first World Wide Web was created in March of 1989 by Tim Berners-Lee. (Johnson, 1995). The World Wide Web consists of three main components to allow for it to run smoothly. The first HTTP (hypertext transfer protocol) is an application layer protocol that means web browsers and servers can exchange information and communicate within the internet. To be able to access specific web pages, clients will need to supply their unique universal identifiers which are URL (uniform resource locater) or URI (uniform resource identifier). The last is an important

format for posting documents to the World Wide Web, HTML (hypertext markup language). (Lowe, 1996). 3. What is the relationship between the World Wide Web and the Internet? The World Wide Web is the software that runs above the internet, that allows users to easily access information that the networks of networks provide. The Internet is the network infrastructure that includes interconnected devices around the world. It includes protocols for how these interconnected devices communicate and includes physical items; servers and satellites. The web is an overlaying system that uses hypertext to allow people to jump from one link to another. The Internet(hardware) and the World Wide Web(software) work seamlessly together to allow the Internet to communicate and share between devices and the Web to make use of this foundation to allow Internet users access to webpages, articles, and documents. The internet is essential, as without it there is no access to the World Wide Web as it is an application above the networks of networks. The software and hardware work amongst each other to create a seamless internet ecosystem. (Johnson, 1995) 4 . What are three purported differences between the World Wide Web as it first emerged and the most recent Web 2.0? Since the early 1990’s the World Wide Web has considerably emerged into an improved version of itself, whilst retaining some past characteristics but mostly correcting its previous faults. Three purported changes between the two webs include; how content is displayed,

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differences in accessibility, and how the content is consumed and created. The content that was primarily displayed in Web 1.0 was static HTML (hypertext markup language), these were simple webpages and mostly consisted of images, text, and hyperlinks. In comparison to the modern Web, which allows for much more dynamic and accessible websites. These web pages contain up-to-date information and user interactivity. Another notable difference is how far user accessibility has progressed. Initially, Web 1.0 was a lot less user-inclusive, and mostly was a read-only web for consumers. Web 2.0 has moved into a software that still allows for information consumption, but also ensures a whole of web users can create and release their own content. (O'Reilly, 2005) 5. What are APIs and why are they significant to Web 2.0? API stands for application programming interface, and it was created by platforms to allow other websites to be able to use and display content. It is an essential way to ensure different software applications can communicate and interact with each other. An example of this is the site ‘Facebook’ allowing video game sites to post scores, chat, and invite friends to join their game via the app. (Proffitt, 2018). APIs are significant to Web 2.0 as they are an integral way of ensuring a cohesive, adaptable, and healthy Internet ecosystem. APIs are important as they allow third- party developers to build upon a company’s public fundamental resources and capabilities, without having to create new infrastructures. This in turn can create new user management, value added to pre-existing data sources, and possible higher revenue return. (Pujadas, 2024). Essentially APIs are important to the web as they drive innovation, web eco-system development, and accessibility to different sources and data.

References Australian Government. (2021). Current legislation . Retrieved from Australian Government: https://www.infrastructure.gov.au/media-technology-communications/internet/online-safety/ current-legislation#:~:text=Illegal%20and%20offensive%20online%20content,from %20exposure%20to%20harmful%20material. Johnson, A. (1995). The Internet and the World Wide Web explained. Journal of Audiovisual Media in Medicine, 18 (3). Lowe, L. P. (1996). The World Wide Web: a review of an emerging internet-based technology for the distribution of biomedical information. J Am Med Inform Assoc. O'Reilly, T. (2005). Design Patterns and Business Models for the Next Generation of Software. What Is Web 2.0 . Proffitt, B. (2018, september 25). What APIs Are And Why They’re Important . Retrieved from readwrite: https://readwrite.com/api-defined/ Pujadas, V. V. (2024). The value and structuring role of web APIs in digital innovation ecosystems: The case of the online travel ecosystem. 53 (2).

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