App 9 Applying Motor Control Theories
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App 9 - Applying Motor Control Theories
You want to teach a child how to hit a ball with a bat.
Respond with multiple ideas under each
theory using bullet points. You need at least 3 bullet points under each theory.
1 - What would you do and how would you teach this child from a Schema Theory perspective?
I would set up the child in a way so that the child is in a close proximity to the pitcher
and have them think about the relative timing between the swing of their bat and the ball
as it approaches. This would be an invariant.
I would also tell the child to think about what muscles are being used so that they can
form a mind-muscle connection with the swing. This is a parameter that they can
incorporate into their technique.
Finally, I would have them think about how the swing is itself a class of a movement, but
it can be broken down into sub-movements like stepping, rotating, and the swing itself.
This is an invariant.
2 -What would you do and how would you teach this child from a Dynamical Systems
perspective?
The child should start thinking about how the movement has different phases. Stepping
forward to hit the ball is antiphase compared to the swinging motion which is more in-
phase. I would have the child think about this in order to understand the steps better.
If the child misses the ball, I would have them consider the speed of their swing. By
taking it slow, they will be in a more stable state. This considers attractor states and
control parameters.
I’d also tell the child to think in a perception-action coupling way. I’d ask them, “how are
you going to adapt to the environment around you?” I’d have them think about tau so that
they know that they need to swing when the ball approaches. Feel the timing.
You want to teach a young adult how to do a volleyball serve.
Respond with multiple ideas
under each theory using bullet points. You need at least 3 bullet points under each theory.
1 - What would you do and how would you teach this young adult from a Schema Theory
perspective?
I would teach the young adult in a step-by-step approach. First, I would have them think
about the run-up. I need them to think of the invariant of relative timing between each
step so that they can move forward to the next step which is jumping.
Next, I will teach them the jump after they have gotten the run-up down. I’ll have them
think about their quadriceps and other muscles involved so that when they are jumping,
they have a mind-muscle connection. This process is using a parameter. I would do this
for the serve as well. Think about what muscles are being utilized so that you know
where errors are being made and where success is occurring.
I would also teach them to think about initial conditions of the movement so that they can
create this schema for a serve. What is happening before they get started? How can they
as the server respond to these conditions?
2 -What would you do and how would you teach this young adult from a Dynamical Systems
perspective?
The server needs to realize that although there is a way of performing the serve, attractor
states will be in play. We want to minimize bad habits so I will demonstrate how to do the
serve,
but the timings and preferred placement on the hand are all examples of attractor
states. These are preferred states that are created by the server. How I teach may slightly
vary in the performance of the server themselves.
I’ll also remind the server that they are going to experience a nonlinear change in their
run up. They should start slow and then proceed to speed up before they take off from
their jump.
Because the server is in control of how high the ball goes before they serve it, they need
to adjust accordingly to their toss. I will inform the server about this. The strategy couples
control parameters since they are changing the height of the ball each time (even if
slightly). It also incorporates order parameters since they need to be in antiphase with
their step since they are going to step into their serve.
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