Hung_Nguyen_HA2

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342

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Information Systems

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Feb 20, 2024

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IT342 HW2 Question 1: What are the differences between Batch processing system and Real Time Processing System? (10 Points) The operating system in which programs are analyzed and categorizes them in batches of similar nature is called batch operating system. On the other hand, real time processing system is a real time application that responds to activities in an external system within a maximum timeframe, which is determined by the system. Question 2: What is the difference between Job and Process? (10 Points) Process is nothing but execution in program whereas job is any task or work. Similarly, a job is normally some operations that a user submits, and a job may require multiple steps involving multiple processing. On the other hand, a process is a single thread of execution which performs some function and generates the result. Question 3: What are the advantages of Multiprocessing or Parallel System? (10 Points) The advantages of Multiprocessing or Parallel System:  By having multiple number of processors, more work can be completed.  Multiprocessor system saves money compared to multiple single systems.  It will increase reliability as the workload is distributed among several processors. If one processor fails, it will slow down the speed of the system, but the system will still work. Question 4: What are the differences between Real Time System and Timesharing System? Name 2 examples of applications for each. You can use the example from the previous question you used but now you need to compare it to Timesharing systems. (10 Points) In time sharing operating system, the response is provided to the user within a second. An example of it includes Linux and UNIX. While in real time operating system, the response is provided to the user within time constraint. An example of it includes airline control systems and command control systems. Question 5: What are the differences between multiprocessing and multiprogramming? (10 Points) Multiprocessing is when the computer system in which two or more CPUs work in communication with each other. On the other hand, multiprogramming is when multiple programs are running at the same time. Question 6: What is scheduling? What criteria affect the scheduler's performance? (10 Points) The concept of scheduling is that the operating system is assigned one task at the time. It may seem as though everything is running at the same time, but in reality, it is not. It has to finish the current

task then move on to the next task. Running multiple programs at the same time may affect the scheduler’s performance. For example, when opening a Google Chrome while having other applications open, people will get a not responding message, and they have to wait for a while for the application to respond. Question 7: What is the purpose of Memory Management? (10 Points) Memory management is a method in the operating system to manage operations between main memory and disk during process execution. Therefore, the purpose of memory management is to utilize the memory efficiently. Memory management is required to minimize fragmentation issues, proper usage of main memory, maintain data integrity while executing, and keep track of used memory space by processes. Question 8: You need to design a Web Server, Database Server and a Backup server. (30 Points) If you had to choose from the following list of resources which ones would you place a priority on and state why you would do so. List these for each server type. Hint: You need to think about the functionality of the server. Based on this information, which resource would you emphasize on the most to increase the performance of the server. - CPU utilization and speed - Multiprocessing - Memory - Cache - Storage capacity - Hard drive seek and access time - Network Bandwidth Example: To design an authentication server for a large organization you can expect to have perhaps 100s of employees trying to login at the same time. For this environment the authentication server needs to be a multiprocessing system to be able to search through all the user database to be able to authenticate with a fast response time. The process of searching through this large user database takes a lot of processing power. A multiprocessing environment would be a good choice and therefore we need to have priority set on the number and speed of the CPUs. The storage would also need to have a fast access to be able to access the user login information fast. Web Server: To design a web server for a large company, you would expect many visitors, many search queries, and you would have to process all of the demands the users want including checking out items on a website, watching videos, accessing multiple websites, and more. As a result, we would want to prioritize the CPU utilization and speed. The reason being is because the higher the speed the quicker the CPU can retrieve and interpret instructions. As a result, users’ demands can be executed faster which would result in a smooth experience for users in the web server. The network bandwidth would also be needed in order to ensure everyone can access the web server smoothly at any time. Many people can try to access the web server at the same time, so by increasing the network bandwidth, people will not have to experience traffic in the network.

Database Server: To design a database server for a large company, you would expect many people accessing the server at the same time. Therefore, we would prioritize multiprocessing in order for the server to process multiple users at the same time. The reason is because the server needs to able to access different user’s data, recognize which data belong to which user, and be able to do that and more for many users at the same time. Moreover, we want the server to process data faster in order to give the users a smooth experience while in the server. As a result, we would want to have increase CPU utilization and speed. By increasing the CPU speed, it will allow the server to load user’s data much faster because we would not want to experience delay in accessing users’ data. Lastly, we will also want to increase storage capacity. By doing that, we will have more room for users to store data in the server. Backup Server: To design a backup server for a large company, we would want this server to fully secure because if anything happens to the main server, we can recover it quickly in order to get the main server to work again. As a result, we would want to prioritize CPU utilization and speed. By having a high-speed CPU, it will allow the backup process to be much faster. That would be crucial because when the main server is down, we would want to use the backup server to restore all of our data as fast as possible to get the server back in running again. Moreover, we would like have cache so the data that is stored can be served faster in the future. Not only that, but data store in cache is stored in an inaccessible place.

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