2nd Semester Final Exam: Match Terms with Definitions

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Oklahoma State University *

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1213

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History

Date

Dec 6, 2023

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2nd Semester Final Matching: Be able to Match these terms with the proper definitions 1. Compromise of 1850 2. Confront 3. Dred Scott Decision 4. Faction 5. Fugitive 6. Kansas-Nebraska Act 7. Missouri Compromise 8. Union 9. Corporation 10. Entrepreneur A. to meet, especially in a challenge B. a Supreme Court decision in 1857 that held that African Americans could never be citizens of the United States and that the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional C. a group of people within a larger group who have different ideas from the main group D. an act passed in 1854 that created the Kansas and Nebraska territories and abolished the Missouri Compromise by allowing settlers to determine whether slavery would be allowed in the new territories E. a person who flees or tries to escape (for example, from slavery) F. Missouri Compromisean agreement made by Congress in 1820 under which Missouri was admitted to the Union as a slave state and Maine was admitted as a free state G. the United States as one nation united under a single government. During the Civil War, “the Union” came to mean the government and armies of the North. H. a business that is owned by many investors I. a person who assembles and organizes the resources necessary to produce goods and services. Entrepreneurs are willing and able to take the risks involved in starting and managing a business. J. the agreements made in order to admit California into the Union as a free state. These agreements included allowing the New Mexico and Utah territories to decide whether to allow slavery, outlawing the slave trade in Washington, D.C., and creating a stronger fugitive slave law.

2nd Semester Final 11. Laissez-Faire 12. Mass Production 13. Monopoly 14. Rural 15. Urban 16. Lynching 17. Vigilante 18. Jim Crow Laws 19. Segregation 20. Reservation A. the institutional separation of an ethnic, racial, religious, or other minority group from the dominant majority B. an area of land set aside by the federal government for the use of an American Indian tribe C. a theory that economies work best when there is minimal involvement from government D. the use of interchangeable parts and assembly lines to make large quantities of identical goods E. relating to the country, as opposed to the city F. relating to cities G. to put to death, especially by hanging, by mob action and without legal authority H. any person who takes the law into his or her own hands, as by avenging a crime I. a company that controls all production and sales of a particular product or service J. laws enforcing segregation of blacks and whites in the South after the Civil War

2nd Semester Final 21. Racism 22. Transcontinental Railroad 23. 15th Amendment 24. 13th Amendment 25. 14th Amendment 26. Civil War 27. Habeas Corpus 28. Confederacy 29. Discrimination 30. Homesteader A. a farmer who is given a plot of public land, or homestead, in return for cultivating it B. a railroad that crosses a continent C. a change to the Constitution, ratified in 1865, abolishing slavery in the United States D. a change to the Constitution, ratified in 1868, granting citizenship to anyone born in the United States and guaranteeing all individuals equal protection of the law E. a change to the Constitution, ratified in 1870, declaring that states cannot deny anyone the right to vote because of race or color, or because the person was once a slave F. a war between opposing groups of citizens from the same country G. the right of an accused person to appear in court so a judge can determine whether he or she is being imprisoned lawfully H. another name for the Confederate States of America, made up of the 11 states that seceded from the Union I. unequal treatment based on a person’s race, gender, religion, place of birth, or other arbitrary characteristic J. the belief that one race is superior to another

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2nd Semester Final 31. Underground Railroad 32. Passive 33. Cotton Gin 34. Industrial Revolution 35. Plantation 36. Innovation 37. Push Factor 38. Pull Factor 39. Transcendentalism 40. Individualism A. to act based on one’s own beliefs B. a secret network of free blacks and whites who helped thousands of slaves escape to free states and Canada C. an influence that drives someone away from a location D. not active E. a hand-operated machine that cleans seeds and other unwanted material from cotton F. a large area of privately owned land where crops were grown through the labor of workers who lived on the land G. the dramatic change in economies and cultures brought about by the use of machines to do work formerly done by hand H. new idea, method, or invention I. an influence that draws someone to a new location J. a philosophy emphasizing that people should transcend, or go beyond, logical thinking to reach true understanding, with the help of emotions and intuition

2nd Semester Final Short Answer: 41. How was life in the North different from life in the South? 42. How did African Americans face slavery and discrimination in the mid- 1800s? 43. Which events of the mid-1800s kept the nation together, and which events pulled it apart? 44. What factors and events influenced the outcome of the Civil War? 45. Did the benefits of industrialization outweigh the costs? 46. To what extent did Reconstruction bring African Americans closer to full citizenship? 47. How did settlers change the West and affect American Indians? 48. To what extent did the reform movements of the mid-1800s improve life for Americans?

2nd Semester Final Multiple Choice: 49.Dorothea Dix dedicated her life to A. teaching religion. B. eliminating slavery. C. helping the imprisoned. D. establishing public schools. 50. Which group was focused on eliminating slavery? A. politicians B. abolitionists C. missionaries D. transcendentalists 51. In which way were the lives of slaves and women similar? A. Both were denied rights. B. Both were considered property. C. Neither was paid for their work. D. Neither was able to attend school. 52. The economy in the South was based on which of these? A. mining B. banking C. agriculture D. shipbuilding 53. Which of these best describes the difference between an agrarian and an industrialist in the 1800s? A. One is poor while the other is wealthy. B. One employs slaves and the other employs immigrants. C. One works to support a family while the other works to make money. D. One favors policies that support farming and the other favors policies that support factories.

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2nd Semester Final 54. By 1850, which of these was the most efficient way to move goods in the North? A. by railroad B. by steamboat C. by canal boat D. by stagecoach 55. Which of these is one reason that U.S. immigrants settled in the North? A. It offered free land. B. It offered jobs in mills and factories. C. They were attracted by the good climate. D. They were attracted by the railroad system. 56. Which is true of free African Americans living in both the North and the South? A. They faced discrimination and racism. B. They lived side by side with white Americans. C. They had the same rights as everyone else. D. They preferred living only with African Americans. 57. What was the legal status of slaves in the United States? A. citizen B. property C. dependents D. immigrants 58. What was an effect of the Missouri Compromise? A. It temporarily ended the slavery debate. B. It required Southern states to pay higher taxes. C. It led to the South seceding from the Union. D. It upset the balance of slave and free states in the Union. 59. In what way did the Compromise of 1850 appease the South?

2nd Semester Final A. It created new taxes for railroad construction. B. It provided an end to the slave trade in Washington, D.C. C. It included a law requiring the return of escaped slaves. D. It required the Underground Railway to be disbanded. 60. What was the impact of the publication of Uncle Tom’s Cabin? A. It created a slave revolt in Kentucky. B. It turned many more people against slavery. C. Congress agreed that slavery should be abolished. D. The South became more resolved to secede from the Union. 61. Why did General Lee join the Confederate military? A. He was in favor of slavery. B. He felt loyalty to his native Virginia. C. He believed in the rights of states to secede. D. He had been defeated in the presidential election. 62.Which of these was a Southern advantage at the start of the Civil War? A. large population B. strong military leadership C. control of the railway system D. many factories and businesses 63.What was the significance of the Battle of Bull Run? A. It proved that the South was weak. B. It showed that the North would win. C. It proved that a quick victory was impossible. D. It showed that the armies were unwilling to fight long battles. 64. Which of these was a Northern advantage at the start of the Civil War?

2nd Semester Final A. highly trained soldiers B. abundant natural resources C. fighting in familiar territory D. control of the Mississippi River 65. Which of these was a lasting effect of the Freedmen’s Bureau? A. job security B. land distribution C. free medical care D. educational opportunity 66. What was the purpose of the Thirteenth Amendment? A. to abolish slavery B. to provide citizenship to former slaves C. to allow freedmen to run for office D. to legislate fair treatment of all citizens 67. As a result of the Military Reconstruction Act 1867, which of these made up the largest group of new Southern voters? A. African Americans B. white Southern Democrats C. former Confederate soldiers D. Northerners who moved to the South 68.Which group was most responsible for the completion of the transcontinental railroad? A. Great Plains homesteaders B. Chinese immigrants C. California miners D. U.S. military 69. Which of the following was typically the last step in this sequence? A. gold rush

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2nd Semester Final B. ghost towns C. crime waves D. law and order 70. Under the Indian Removal Act of 1830, what was promised to American Indians? A. land in the Great Plains B. protection of homelands C. land to freely hunt bison D. homes on reservations in the East 71. Which of these describes the economic policy known as laissez- faire? A. government control of business B. government protection of workers C. government guidance of labor practices D. government non-interference with business 72. Who was responsible for developing the U.S. steel industry? A. Max Blanck B. Andrew Carnegie C. John D. Rockefeller D. Cornelius Vanderbilt 73. Which of these is an entrepreneur? A. a farm employee B. a city factory worker C. a government employee D. a successful business owner Essay: Pick 2 essays and answer the questions

2nd Semester Final 74. What were some of the most significant political reforms to take place during the Progressive Era? What led to each of these reforms and why were they significant? 75. Compare and Contrast the North and the South, think about people, jobs, geography, economic factors. 76. Describe some of the struggles that African Americans have faced in America. 77. Lincoln described the United States as a “house divided.” Discuss what he meant by this and how the country was at odds over the economic system of the South and the principles of the nation. 78. Why do you think President-elect Lincoln felt so strongly about preserving the Union? Conversely, why might Southerners have believed that secession was justified? 79. Why did Black Codes anger people in the North? Do you think it changed how people voted in the election of 1866? 80. Analyze how western expansion contributed to growing sectional tensions between the North and South. Confine your answer to the period from 1800 to 1850. 81. How are changes in population growth and the development of urbanization related to the Industrial Revolution? Bonus Questions (For Extra Credit):

2nd Semester Final 82. How did the Industrial Revolution lead to urbanization? 83. Who commanded the Confederate army in the American Civil War? 84. Name one way how slaves escaped. 85. Name a president that owned a slave.

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