Stax Final Notes 1305 (1)

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TERMS AND TOPICS FOR 1305 FINAL . Know the events that propelled the North and South toward Civil War. Economic practices, religious practices, education, cultural differences, and political differences all furthered the division between the North and South about the institution of slavery. These decade-long divisions all culminated in the bloody conflict of the Civil War , which permanently ended the division and abolished slavery permanently. Know the advantages of the Union and the Confederates during the Civil War. NORTH: 4x the whites, population size, 10x the industry, navy, better finances, California goods, slaves, south wasn’t united, better political leadership, and Abraham Lincoln SOUTH: self-defense, better officers, better soldiers, allies, and Indians Know the military campaigns of the Civil War. Know the costs and benefits of the Civil War. Cost: 700,000 dead, 100,000 thousand wounded, severe physical damage in all southern states, confederate money worthless, lenders to the confederates lost all of their money, increase Indian raids, rise of Outlaw gangs after the war, weakening of the Monroe Doctrine, End of Manifest Destiny, Economic and educational backwardness of the south till the present times, continued ill-feeling between the sections of the country and between blacks and whites Benefits: Union kept together, end of slavery, France and Spain abandoned efforts to conquer south America, blacks now had their right to marry, be educated, to attend their own churches and own property, south would no longer dare to impose extremely harsh conditions on blacks, opened immigrants to America from all over the world, made America to be that “Shining city on a Hill” to the rest of the world Know the stages in the liberation of the slaves. Confiscation Act- Runaway slaves treated as property (contraband)-1861 Confiscation Act- Runaway slaves from Confederates owners freed-1862 Setting slaves free in Washington D.C-1862 Setting slaves free in the Territories of the U.S-1862 Emancipation Proclamation-Freed Immediately about 50,000 slaves-1863 Last slaves freed under the Emancipation Proclamation were on June 19 th , 1865, in Galveston, Texas 13 TH Amendment- Free the slaves-1865 Know the steps taken to make ex-slaves full citizens.

Know the differences between the legislative and executive branches in reconstructing the South. PRESIDENTIAL/LEGISLATIVE: President Lincoln imposes 10% plan, Lincoln vetoes Wade-Davis Bill, President Johnson allows white Southerners to govern and impose Black codes, Johnson vetoes Civil Rights Act, Johnson campaigns against passage of 14 th amendment , Johnson fires federal officials and military officers-1867, Johnson defies Tenure in office by secretary of war, Senate fails to remove the President-1868 CONGRESSIONAL: Congress passes Wade-Davis bill-50%, Congress passes Civil rights act of 1866, Congress overrides Johnson’s veto, passes 14 th amendment, Johnson defeated in Congressional Elections of 1866, Radical Republicans take over congress. Reconstruction acts passed. Beginning of Military Reconstruction, Congress passes Tenure in Office Act, Congress impeaches the president Know how and why Reconstruction failed. Southern Whites did not want to get along with blacks, Panic of 1873, High Taxation, Corruption, Communism, Indian Wars, Revival of the Klan, Judicial and congressional Decisions, Weak Presidential Administrations, Northern whites became tired of dealing with Southern matters, Bargain of 1877 Know the legislative actions taken by the Northern and Southern legislatures during the war. Know how both sides paid for the war. NORTH: Tariffs, Taxes including the first income tax, California gold, borrowing, printing money SOUTH: Tariffs, Sell cotton, All kinds of taxes including income tax, Borrow from domestic and foreign sources, Printing money, Requisitioning supplies

TERMS Wilmot's Proviso- temp of anti-slavery, shouldn’t bring laves into territory won over California Gold Rush-get slavery into California, but was already full of whites Mormons- fled to Mexico to escape then came back Brigham Young- was an American religious leader and politician, 2 nd president of church Election of 1848- 16 th quadrennial presidential election after Mexican American war Free-Soil Party- all land should be open to buy to all northern democrats Millard Fillmore- 13 th president of the United States, last member of Whig party Compromise of 1850-came close to civil war Fugitive Slave Act- free states had to return slaves to owners Election of 1852- the 17 th quadrennial presidential election Franklin Pierce president Franklin Pierce- 14 th president, democrat who believed in the abolitionist movement Ostend Manifesto- manifest destiny, suggested to buy Cuba, but Spain declined Stephen Douglas-put together compromise of 1850 Kansas-Nebraska Act- Missouri act needed to go thru in order to pass "Bleeding Kansas"- small civil war fought between pros and cons of slavery John Brown- is a martyr to abolitionists Republican Party-stop the spread of slavery, are Whigs Know-Nothing Party- anti-immigration party Great Potato Famine- failure to grow potato crop Charles Sumner- leader of anti-slavery forces, U.S senator for Massachusetts Election of 1856- 18 th quadrennial presidential election in a 3-way election James Buchanan-served as 15 th president from 1857-1861 John C Fremont- hero in Mexican civil war, but Lincoln let him go due to keeping slaves

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Dred Scott Decision-was he a slave?, Yes led to ban slavery in all territories Roger Taney- was a leader in a war Lincoln-Douglas Debates- between powerful senators and an unknown Lincoln Raid on Harper's Ferry- Biggest arsenal to make everything, but was captured Election of 1860- democrats split from free and slave states, most important election in history Crittenden Amendment- 36’30- Pacific Ocean but Lincoln declined "Fire Eaters"-southerners who were extreme to leave the union Fort Sumter- sea built fort on an artificial island Abraham Lincoln- U.S president Jefferson Davis- Southern President West Virginia- South retreated and north took over Homestead Act- Republican passed and is Freeland given to people who lived there for 5 years First Battle of Bull Run- first battle in 1861 and confederates won Stonewall Jackson- confederate general during the American civil war George McClellan- American soldier and union general Monitor vs Merrimac- warships Robert E Lee- Confederate general Ulysses S Grant- always drunk but saved Sherman Capture of New Orleans- southerners puled out and northerners took over Battle of Antietam- south decided to attack the north but failed "Contraband"- smuggling Emancipation Proclamation- all slaves withing slave states are set free

Battle of Chancellorsville- major battle of the civil war Copperheads- northerners who are against war and put pennies on chest as emblems Draft Riots- south didn’t like the draft nor the north, so rioted because they didn’t want to fight for blacks Battle of Gettysburg bloodiest war in history which was only 3 days long Pickett's Charge- high point of civil war Siege of Vicksburg- final major military action in Vicksburg campaign Gettysburg Address-high point of Lincoln’s address Battles of the Wilderness, Spotsylvania and Cold Harbor- Mr.Lee won all 3 battles Siege of Petersburg- held down lee’s army Election of 1864- 20 th election near end of the American civil war William Sherman- captured Atlanta Capture of Atlanta- July 22 nd , 1864 Sherman's March to the Sea- was a military campaign Appomattox Courthouse- confederate forces surrender to the north Thirteenth Amendment- abolish slavery, free slaves John Wilkes Booth- assassinated Lincoln under southern CIA Ten Percent Plan-10% of whites signed the pledge allegiance Wade-Davis Bill- unsuccessful attempt by republicans to set reconstruction for southerners Andrew Johnson-vice president of Lincoln Presidential Reconstruction- "Black Codes"-harsh treatment to slaves after the civil war, but also depended on the states Freedman's Bureau- bureau of refugees, freedmen, and abandoned lands

Radical Republicans- Thaddeus Stevens- Civil Rights Bill of 1866- Fourteenth Amendment- Reconstruction Acts- Radical Reconstruction- Tenure of Office Act- Impeachment of President Johnson- Election of 1868- Horatio Seymour-democrat from NY Fifteenth Amendment- protect voting rights to all black men "Carpetbaggers"- Ku Klux Klan- hated blacks and killed them, were formed after civil war to intimidate blacks from voting Enforcement Acts- army can takeout the KKK, U.S Marshalls hired to protect voting pols, double jeopardy Election of 1872- Horace Greeley- Panic of 1873- Redeemers-southerners who took back government Election of 1876- Rutherford Hayes-democrats from NY Samuel Tilden-Democrat from NY Bargain of 1877- settle who won election in 1876 between Rutherford and Samuel J

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