Week 5 Discussion HIST

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American Public University *

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222

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History

Date

Oct 30, 2023

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docx

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Uploaded by ChefLyrebird3846

Good Evening, Provide a brief overview of the roles of the Department of Defense, in particular, US Northern Command (NORTHCOM) as it relates to homeland security. The Department of Defense mission is counterterrorism, mass destruction, and active-duty personnel. The DOD was established in 1789 formally known as the War Department. Previously, in the 1800 the War Department was responsible for bounty land distribution and reconstruction of the South following the Civil War. During WW1 the DOD supervised the National Guard, which was also established during WW1. NORTHCOM (United States Northern Command) was established after the 9/11 attacks. NORTHCOM provides command over the homeland defense efforts with responsibility over United States, Canada, Alaska, and Mexico to include the nearby waters about 500 nautical miles out. NORTHCOMS missions are completed through other lower-level commands like Air Forces Northern (Knight, 2008).. However, NORTHCOMS main connection is intertwined in the Defense Support to Civil Authorities. NORTHCOM has relationships with the above agencies and continues to build on them. Lastly, NORTHCOM attempts to collaborate support with civil agencies. In any instance, NORTHCOM will not respond unless local, state, and federal agencies capabilities are exceeded. Provide a brief overview of the roles of the US National Guard (Air and Army) as they relate to homeland security. The US National Guard is a component to the reserves of United States Armed Forces in all states and territories. The National Guard is a military force or asset in collaboration with the state and federal government and can operate under three separate authorities. The National Guard responds to natural disasters throughout their own state and others. Additionally, the National Guard is the connection between

local and state areas to the federal government (Spencer, 2002) . Lastly, the National Guard has the authority to respond to terrorist attacks or threats on the homeland. Hello Class, African Americans courageously and willingly served in combat theatre during World War II. Although, during this they had been promised freedom from slavery, yet it was never given. Slavery was still embedded into the constitution as well as showed in their pay for serving. The white soldiers were being paid more than African American ones serving the same positions. Some African Americans turned from American and to the British Military because they were promised and freedom. Some black leaders were aware of their reality as African Americans in the military unfortunately. In America, the African Americans efforts in changing the laws was with slow progress, but a lasting history. Their experience was filled with progress, but so much resistance. This strengthened their demands for equality and showed determination for change into the postwar times. The soldiers were experiencing discrimination in the military as well as near the bases by white civilians. Unfortunately, there was still an abundance of segregation and inequality. Some faced rejection into the draft because of their education and health as opposed to whites. Lastly, the African American soldiers would still be addressed as “boy” or “nigger”, given lesser jobs, looked over for promotions, and still expected to

abide by Jim Crow laws while being stationed in the south serving in the Army. Finally, the Fair Employment Practices Committee was implemented by President Franklin Roosevelt. This was done to assist in the war as well as labor shortages. Because of this, employment for African Americans was at an all-time high. At one point in 1944 20 percent of federal employees were African Americans. The government also employed African Americans in clerical or administrative positions as opposed to previous positions like janitors. -Jordan Reference Wynn, N. A. (2010). The African American experience during World War II (1st ed.). Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.

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