103-unit 3 assignment
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Feb 20, 2024
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Discuss what Indigenous living and being, prior to contact with Canadian settlers.
Sakshi Kesharwani
Project Management, Algoma University, Mississauga Campus
PMAL103: Turtle Island, Canada, and the World (24W-O-1L)
Michelle Huggins
28 Jan 2024 - 23:00
Describe Indigenous governance prior to the settlement of Canada. Imagine you are
responsible for creating a Wampum Belt that represents the differences in the ways of
life of Indigenous and settlers as they are apparent in The Wampum Belt Tells Us
(Johnston, 2010). What contrasts in customs and relationships between individuals and
the land would you highlight in the belt? Refer to the readings' characters and events to
select the examples in your analysis
.
Earlier Indigenous government of their area predated European colonization of Canada and
divided them in various group such as, distinct customs, cultures, and societies of Indigenous
groups. Every Indigenous group had unique governance structures, which were frequently,
change by their administrations.
In making of Wampum Belt which was used to differentiate the ways of life between
Indigenous peoples and settlers, have to discuss highlight key of Indigenous governance and
the importance of land in their people life. Taking reference from "The Wampum Belt Tells
Us" by Johnston (2010), there some point which we discuss.
Decentralized Governance and Settler Hierarchy:
this is the time when decentralized
Indigenous governance institutions where in one end and Wampum Belt were in 2
nd
end. This
differentiation were the Symbols for elder councils, clan systems, and consensus decision-
making procedures aside, there were another symbols to represent monarchs, colonial
governments, and the imposition of external power in order to illustrate the hierarchical
systems of European settlers.
Land Stewardship and a Link to the Natural World:
To understand the Indigenous
people's connection to the land as a source of spirituality, nourishment, and cultural identity,
uses imagery. Symbols of holy locations, sustainable harvesting methods, and the notion of
land as a shared resource could all be part of this. Comparing this with the colonial
behaviours, which demonstrate the exploitation of resources, large-scale farming, and land
commercialization?
Cultural Practices and Traditions:
The depictions of the dances, ceremonies, and rituals
practised by Indigenous people are the way of living their life. Comparing this with symbols
and the representation of cultural practice of European settlers, such as organized faiths and
customs that were frequently in conflict with the spirituality of Indigenous people.
Wampum Belts as Documentation vs. Written Records:
This record
Indicates that how the
Indigenous people used wampum belts to record historical events, treaties, and agreements by
using unique symbols. To illustrate a different approach of keeping record and comparing
government with symbols that symbolizes the written papers and legal systems introduced by
settlers.
Social Interactions and Collective Ideals:
This display symbols are symbolize the deep
relationships of Indigenous community’s togetherness, highlighting ideas of mutual thought,
shared responsibility, and reciprocity. Show individualistic and transactional connections on
the settler side to represent the values of the rising capitalist and market-driven society.
The vast diversity of Indigenous government and the disparate lifestyles of Indigenous
peoples and European settlers in Canada could be graphically represented by combining these
components into the design of the Wampum Belt. With its ability to illustrate the richness and
depth of pre-contact Indigenous civilizations as well as their distinctive connections to the
land, this belt has the potential to be a potent teaching tool.
The vast diversity of Indigenous government and the various lifestyles of Indigenous people
and European settlers in Canada could be shown by combining these components into the
design of the Wampum Belt. With the ability and illustration of richness and depth of pre-
contact Indigenous civilizations as well as their distinctive connections to the land, this belt
shows the potential of potent teaching tool.
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References
Belshaw, J. D. (2020). The millennia before contact, In
Canadian history: Pre-
Confederation
. BCcampus Open Publishing.
https://opentextbc.ca/preconfederation/chapter/2-4-the-millennia-before-contact/
Centre for First Nations Governance. (n.d.). A brief history of our Right to Self-Governance: Pre-contact to present.
Centre for First Nations Governance
.
https://fngovernance.org/wp-
content/uploads/2020/05/Self-Governance_Right_CFNG.pdf