case-study-4 (1)
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Dec 6, 2023
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Case Study 4
Human Nutrition (South Dakota State University)
Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university
Case Study 4
Human Nutrition (South Dakota State University)
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Case Study 4
As a nurse, you oversee the Health Clinic at a local college. Today you are conducting physicals
on the soccer team members. Susan admits that she has been feeling very tired lately. You decide
to investigate further.
Upon examining Susan, you note that she appears to be pale, and, in addition to feeling tired, she
always seems to be cold. A urine sample is provided, and blood work is done.
A dietary assessment is also completed.
Breakfast: 2 slices wheat toast with peanut butter
banana
6 oz coffee, black
Lunch: Dinner plate filled with salad. This includes spinach, cucumbers, carrots, tomatoes
3 tablespoons of Italian dressing
A breadstick
2 oatmeal cookies
12 oz of iced tea
Snack: Granola bar and an apple
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Dinner: 1 cup of brown rice
1 bowl of black bean chili
1 square of corn bread
½ cup mixed fruit
½ cup grilled vegetables
12 oz Diet Coke
Snack: 2 cups of popcorn
8 oz of lemonade
Susan’s family has a history of cardiovascular disease, and she has decided to be a vegetarian to
prevent this from occurring later in life.
Biochemical assessment results- the urine is dark yellow in color. Hemoglobin levels are below
the normal range.
1.
From your visual exam the dietary intake and the blood test, what mineral is lacking in
Susan’s diet?
Iron (Fe)
2.
A deficiency of this mineral over time will result in low hemoglobin levels and a
diagnosis of ____________.
Anemia
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3.
Provide Susan with three reasons that this mineral may be low.
Lack of iron intake in her diet
Being a vegetarian
Loss of iron due to her menses cycle
Her age, being a young female
High fiber intake that interferes with iron absorption
Lack of Vitamin C intake with non heme iron
4.
Explain to Susan why she is feeling tired and cold.
As Susan has an inadequate iron intake in her diet, she does not have enough red blood
cells in her body. These red blood cells are important in carrying oxygen to different parts
of the body and when a lack of oxygen state occurs, symptoms like tiredness and cold
will arise.
Iron is part of the hemoglobin in red blood cells. One of the major functions of red blood
cells is to transport oxygen from the lungs to the cells and carbon dioxide from the cells
to the lungs. When dietary intake of iron falls, the body converts the stored iron for use.
As stores decline, the capability for manufacturing red blood cells declines and an iron
deficiency known as anemia develops.
5.
What is the recommended amount of water that a female should consume daily? How
much of it should come from fluid itself?
The recommended amount of water intake for women is 2.7 liters (11 cups) and 2.1 liters
(9 cups) should come from fluid alone and the rest comes from food sources.
6.
Being an athlete, adequate fluid intake is very important. Explain this to Susan.
As an athlete, it is vital to drink enough water before, during, and after the exercises are
done. Because of the high amount of exercise an athlete does, their body temperature
rises and removes water from the body via sweating, and this results in dehydration. To
regain this water or to replace the water lost due to sweat, enough amounts of water
should be taken by the athletes. The consumption of adequate water aids the athletes to
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stay dehydrated and furthermore it can prevent health conditions such as heat exhaustion,
and muscle fatigue.
Perspiration is the body’s mechanism to prevent overheating. When we sweat, fluid is
being released through skin pores and then evaporates. This process requires energy
which in turn expends heat from the body and prevents the body temperature from rising.
7.
What does the color of her urine indicate?
Dehydration (inadequate fluid intake)
8.
There is also a food group missing in her diet. Which food group is missing?
Dairy (milk)
9.
This food group is a good source of which fat-soluble vitamin and mineral?
Vitamin D and calcium
10. Inadequate intake of this food group might lead to thinning bones and loss of bone mass
as we age. This is called what?
Osteoporosis or osteomalacia
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