discussion week 5

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Northeastern University *

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6002

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Health Science

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Oct 30, 2023

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1. How does regulation of pesticides in the food industry, as described in this article, parallel that in the biomedical products industry? The regulation of pesticides in the food industry, as described in the article, has some similarities with the regulation of biomedical products but also significant differences. Here are some points of comparison and contrast: Regulatory Agencies The regulation of pesticides in the food industry typically : Pesticides in the Food Industry example: In Australia countries. For in different multiple government agencies nvolves i Pesticide regulation is the shared responsibility of the Common wealth and the States and Territories through the National Registration Scheme. Manufacturers seeking registration for a pesticide are required to go through the Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority (APVMA) Biomedical products, such as pharmaceuticals and medical devices, : Biomedical Products example the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in For . z agency one are regulated by the United States or TGA in Australia. Monitoring and Surveillance Regulatory agencies conduct surveillance and monitoring : Pesticides in the Food Industry mpling in food products. This may include random sa detect pesticide residues programs to and testing of food products. For example: USEPA uses data on what foods people eat and the quantity they eat, collected through the National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHANES). Through these evaluations, USEPA ensure the overall safety of proposed pesticide uses, as required by FQPA. safety and market surveillance is conducted to monitor the - Post : Biomedical Products of biomedical products after they are on the market. Adverse events and product efficacy recalls are monitored and acted upon Product Testing Pesticides in the Food Industry: Pesticides undergo testing for their residue levels in food products to ensure they are within acceptable limits. This may involve testing of actual food samples for pesticide residues. Biomedical Products: Biomedical products go through rigorous preclinical and clinical testing phases to demonstrate safety and efficacy before they are approved for market use. Risk Assessment Pesticides in the Food Industry: Pesticide regulation focuses on assessing the . This includes evaluating acute residues in food risks associated with pesticide and chronic health risks to consumers and potential environmental impacts.

safety e Biomedical product regulation involves assessing th : Biomedical Products ofiles. . It includes clinical trials to establish safety and efficacy pr and efficacy International Harmonization Pesticides in the Food Industry: There are efforts to harmonize pesticide regulations globally, especially for trade purposes. International standards and agreements (e.g., Codex MRLs) aim to establish maximum residue limits for pesticides in food to facilitate international trade. Biomedical Products: There is also international cooperation and harmonization in the regulation of biomedical products, such as the International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH). These agreements aim to standardize regulatory requirements. Consumer Safety Pesticides in the Food Industry: The primary concern is ensuring that pesticide residues on food do not pose unacceptable risks to consumer health. Biomedical Products: The focus is on ensuring that biomedical products are safe and effective for patients. 2. Can the standards in the use of pesticides be harmonized across the globe? Harmonizing pesticide standards across the globe presents several challenges and complexities, making it a difficult task. Different global entities, such as the World Trade Organization (WTO), the European Union (EU), the Codex Alimentarius Commission (Codex), and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), have made efforts to standardize pesticide regulations through the establishment of maximum residue limits (MRLs). However, these limits still exhibit significant variability on a global scale. While it is not impossible, there are significant barriers to achieving such harmonization: Environmental Factors: Local environmental conditions, such as soil types and water sources, can influence the choice and use of pesticides. Diverse Standards: Pesticide standards are vary across countries due to diverse needs, climate, agriculture practices, and pest management requirements. Economic Interests: The agriculture industry often plays a vital role in a country's economy and can have a powerful influence on pesticide regulations. Regulatory Frameworks: Each country has its own regulatory framework for pesticide registration, approval, and monitoring. Achieving regulatory harmonization is a complex and lengthy process, as it requires aligning legal and administrative systems. Differing Priorities: Scientists and policymakers in different countries may have varying interpretations and opinions, leading to disagreements and the need for compromise when harmonizing standards.

Technical Challenges: Even if standards are harmonized, the technical implementation of these standards, such as laboratory testing and monitoring, may vary in quality and capability from one country to another. For example developing countries with poor facilities and equipment as mentioned in article. In conclusion, while the idea of having harmonized standards that are the same might possible in theory, the reality is much more complicated. To achieve harmonization in the pesticide industry will require to significant effort, international cooperation, and consideration of the diverse factors influencing pesticide use and regulation. This is a difficult and long-term task because farming practices, environmental conditions, and regulations vary greatly from place to place. 3. What are the implications of harmonized global standards in the pesticides industry Global harmonization of pesticide rules and conformity tests benefits pesticide makers, consumers, farm workers, and regulators. Pesticide manufacturers experience a simplified and more efficient registration process. They would also have quicker access to global markets for new pesticides and uses, with lower costs for pesticide development. The global harmonization of standards would enhance consumer trust in the regulatory framework and the scientific principles applied. It would ensure the use of safer pesticides, leading to safer food products and enhanced food security. Farmers benefit from the adoption safer technologies for crop protection and this lead to increased productivity, higher profits, and increase chance for international trade. Global alignment is a cost-effective strategy for regulatory bodies , particularly those in resource-challenged countries. It promotes enhanced international cooperation, knowledge sharing, and the ability to address crucial issues with additional expert support. Maintaining global harmonization must take into account the specific needs of each country, the costs and time involved in making changes, and the importance of involving local stakeholders in regulatory decisions. Striking the right balance between standardization and adaptability to local conditions is crucial for achieving optimal outcomes. 4. What are the implications on labeling and transparency? Labelling is an important part of the marketing of a product. Labeling and transparency have significant implications for people who are cautious about consuming foods treated with pesticides. Providing complete information on the pesticides used brings up several important points: Labels that include details about pesticide use helps consumers make informed decisions. Those who prefer pesticide-free or organic options can easily identify and choose such products. Full disclosure can enhance food safety and health awareness. People with allergies and sensitivities can avoid products treated with specific pesticides. For farmers and producers, labeling offers a chance to distinguish their goods. If they follow pesticide-

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free or organic methods, they can promote this as a selling point to attract consumers looking for these choices. Labeling pesticide use is in line with the regulations and legal requirements in certain countries. It ensures that producers follow established standards and rules. Transparent labeling can strengthen trust in the consumers. It demonstrates that the industry is responsible and responsive to consumer worries, which is particularly crucial in regions where people are concerned about pesticide use. Providing clear pesticide information on food labels empowers consumers, improves safety, highlights producers, enforces regulations, and builds trust in the food industry. It's a way to make the food system more transparent and responsive to consumer preferences. References:  Handford, C. E., Elliott, C. T., & Campbell, K. (2015). A review of the global pesticide legislation and the scale of challenge in reaching the global harmonization of food safety standards. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management , 11 (4), 525 – 536.  Li, Z., & Fantke, P. (2022). Toward harmonizing global pesticide regulations for surface freshwaters in support of protecting human health. Journal of Environmental Management , 301 , 113909.  Pesticides, B. (2018, May 8). Pesticide Safety Data Transparency a Blind Spot under EPA Policy . Beyond Pesticides Daily News Blog. A