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Us 1 Peillex and Pelletier authored an article on the health and immune effects of glyphosate and glyphosate- based herbicides. This study examines the impact of glyphosate and glyphosatebased herbicides on human health and the immune system. The article introduces the prevalent use of glyphosate and its possible negative impact on human health. The authors examine glyphosate's entry routes into the body, and its capacity to interfere with the endocrine system, harm gut microbiota, and trigger oxidative stress. The study investigates glyphosate's effect on immune function. The article investigates the correlation between glyphosate exposure and heightened vulnerability to infections, weakened immune response, and disturbed inflammatory mechanisms. The authors explore the potential long-term effects of glyphosate exposure on immune-mediated diseases, including allergies and autoimmune disorders. The article highlights the pressing necessity for additional research to comprehensively comprehend the health hazards linked with glyphosate and glyphosatebased herbicides. The text emphasizes the significance of adopting preventive measures to reduce human exposure and safeguard public health. This study highlights the potential toxicity of glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides, which raises concerns regarding their impact on human health and immunity. This resource is valuable for researchers, policymakers, and healthcare professionals seeking to reduce the risks of commonly used herbicides 2 The article delves into the effects of glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides on health and immunity, including their potential toxicity. The text sheds light on the extensive usage of herbicides and expresses apprehension regarding their possible negative impact on human and ecological communities. The abstract provides a summary of the research, highlighting the importance of conducting additional studies on the ecological impacts and potential health hazards linked to the utilization of glyphosate and its derivatives.
3 Glyphosate was first introduced as a herbicide with broad-spectrum capabilities and has since been extensively utilized in agriculture, forestry, and urban settings. There are concerns about the potential negative impact it may have on human health. Peillex and Pelletier have addressed these concerns by thoroughly examining the different pathways through which glyphosate can enter the body, which include ingestion, inhalation, and dermal exposure. Glyphosate has the potential to disrupt the endocrine system, which can result in hormonal imbalances and negative health effects. The authors explore the effects of glyphosate on gut microbiota, which is essential for maintaining good health and immunity. According to studies, glyphosate has the potential to disrupt the delicate balance of gut bacteria, which can result in dysbiosis and impair immune function. Glyphosate's impact on the composition of gut microbiota can have significant implications for human health. This is because gut microbiota plays a crucial role in immune regulation and the prevention of inflammatory disorders. 4 The prolonged utilization of glyphosate to manage weed growth and vegetation along highways may have an impact on the secondary ecological progression. Figure 3 offers valuable insights into the potential factors that may impact this process. The use of herbicides to remove specific plant species
can result in alterations to the accessibility of resources and habitats. The act of altering the area can potentially provide opportunities for other plant species to thrive and inhabit the cleared regions. The natural succession process may be hindered by the increased dominance of certain species, particularly those that are tolerant to glyphosate. In addition, the use of herbicides to remove vegetation can disturb the soil structure, which can have an impact on the cycling of nutrients and the microorganisms present in the soil. The combined influence of these factors affects the course of secondary succession, which may result in ecosystems that are less diverse and simplified. 5 The article's page 170 Figure 2 presents significant data regarding the possible health risks linked to glyphosate and GBHs. The diagram illustrates the pathways of exposure of human and ecological populations to these substances. The text emphasizes the hazards of human contact, consumption of contaminated food and water, and the effects on non-target organisms. The figure illustrates health effects such as acute toxicity, developmental and reproductive disorders, and possible carcinogenicity. This highlights the significance of appropriate management, implementation, and regulatory actions to reduce the health hazards to human and ecological populations. The article's page 171, Figure 3, offers information regarding the plausible health hazards associated with glyphosate and GBHs. The diagram depicts the potential effects on diverse organisms, encompassing humans, wildlife, and aquatic species. The text illustrates the disturbance of endocrine pathways, modification of immune responses, and heightened vulnerability to diseases. Glyphosate runoff can cause water contamination and adverse effects on non-target organisms and aquatic ecosystems, posing health risks to ecological populations. The figure highlights the importance of conducting thorough risk assessments and employing mitigation measures to safeguard human and ecological populations against potential health risks linked to glyphosate exposure. 6
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Peillex and Pelletier examine the complex correlation between exposure to glyphosate and immune system functionality. The authors of the article examine various studies that propose a possible connection between exposure to glyphosate and a higher vulnerability to infections, weakened immune response, and disrupted inflammatory processes. The capacity of glyphosate to weaken the immune system can result in severe outcomes, especially for people who are already susceptible to infections or have weakened immune systems. The authors of the study are also exploring the possible long-term consequences of being exposed to glyphosate on immune-mediated illnesses. There is a growing body of evidence indicating that glyphosate may have a role in the onset or worsening of conditions such as allergies and autoimmune disorders. Glyphosate may contribute to the development of these diseases by modulating immune responses and promoting inflammation. Peillex and Pelletier stress the importance of conducting additional research to clarify the mechanisms underlying these connections and their potential impact on public health. The system's reliability according to the DEQ’s proposed biological control system and chemical control system calculated by their provided variable values are; Biological safety control system reliability = Technology reliability (80%) × Human reliability (75%) = 0.8 × 0.75 = 0.6 or 60% Chemical safety control system reliability = Technology reliability (90%) × Human reliability (85%) = 0.9 × 0.85 = 0.765 or 76.5%. The calculated system reliability values suggest that the proposed biological safety control system has a reliability of 60%, while the chemical safety control system has a reliability of 76.5%. These values indicate the likelihood of successful implementation and functioning of the control systems, considering both technological and human factors. 7 Peillex and Pelletier's research highlights the potential impact and toxicity of glyphosate and GBHs on human health and immunity. The study indicates that glyphosate exposure can potentially interfere with endocrine function, harm gut microbiota, weaken immune responses, and play a role in the onset of immune-mediated diseases. This underscores the need for further investigation into the hazards linked to glyphosate and GBHs, and the significance of adopting preventive measures to reduce human contact. These findings have significant implications for public health beyond the agricultural and environmental sectors. Stakeholders such as policymakers, researchers, and healthcare professionals ought to cooperate in evaluating the hazards linked to glyphosate and GBHs, implementing suitable
regulatory actions, and investigating less hazardous substitutes. The prioritization of human health and immune well-being is imperative in light of the rising use of glyphosate. Peillex and Pelletier's research provides significant insights into the possible health and immunity consequences of glyphosate exposure through critical analysis. This essay provides a basis for future deliberations, investigations, and informed policymaking concerning glyphosate usage and the development of suitable public health measures. Usman company 1 Comcast’s Code of Conduct (Ethics) is available for public viewing on its website. They open with a statement of integrity and immediately transition into their core values. Their core values include an
entrepreneurial spirit; doing the right thing and acting with integrity; respect for each other; and giving back. These values help exemplify their mission as well as ‘live their code’ to achieve their goals, succeed, and do things the right way. Comcast’s Code of Conduct (Updated March 2022) is available in 16 different languages and is 20 pages long, which seems relatively condensed from their previous Code of Conduct in 2018 (59 pages). Comcast prides itself on using good judgment when making decisions and seeking guidance when in need of a hand. They also embrace protecting the environment and have promoted a culture of sustainability within their company to allow future generations to flourish. Companies can be punished for breaking the Code of Ethics through fines, back taxes, and other financial consequences when companies do not fulfill their compliance requirements. Their Code of Conduct is relative to all employees, officers, and directors as they are required to read and understand the code. If any employee violates the Code, or laws associated, they could be subject to disciplinary action which could include termination of employment. One of Comcast’s principles of business conduct is complying with international trade controls. This means that they are committing themselves to follow all international trade regulations and laws which govern transfers of goods, software, and technology across country borders. Comcast believes its compliance with these laws preserves its reputation. A second principle of Comcast is its ability to abide by laws regarding money laundering and tax evasion. They commit their employees to conduct business with trustworthy partners and lawful sources. They are an antilaundering and anti-tax evasion company and ramifications will occur if these laws a broken. Comcast’s COE is relevant to compliance to legal mandates because of the attention to unethical misconduct. The Code utilizes descriptions to inform all workers and even customers what will happen if the Code is broken. Many of the regulations within the code such as Tax evasion and money laundering include information regarding legal steps that will take place if these occur. Comcast’s Code represents legal mandates to avoid having to pay fines, risk negative public outlook, and retain customers. Comcast’s Code of Conduct facilitates the development of an ethical culture in many ways; some being more straightforward than others. Comcast highlights its commitment to its customers and its company while also expressing its commitment to professional behavior and its work environment. They include several different concepts under each category, explain their process, and what will happen if employees disregard the Code. Comcast states that the Code applies to all representatives of the company and has the same consequences no matter the employee level. Comcast encourages their management to lead by example which in turn creates a top-down culture allowing employees to follow their leader’s ethical footsteps. At Comcast, employees have many resources available when raising an ethical concern. These can include managers, local leaders, Human Resource representatives, or Legal. They also include a Helpline and a Web Portal and reports can be made anonymously. Employee anonymity is safeguarded by an independent third party of the company. For most issues, I feel that I would utilize my direct manager for reports of ethical misconduct. Because I would have a personal relationship with this person, I would feel comfortable reporting and being transparent to my manager. If the issue involved my direct manager, I would use an anonymous submission form to report the problem to higher-ups.
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2 When employed, it is normally easy to follow directions and Codes while going about everyday responsibilities. What happens if I am a committed employee who has just observed my boss commit ethical misconduct? “Given the low public visibility of most unethical conduct in the workplace, prevention of such activity rests in large part on actions by employees” (Norton, 1). There are several factors employees should consider before reporting unethical behavior. If an employee is working and the only thing they are thinking about is what their manager just did and are wondering if they are in the wrong, that is a good sign to report what had happened. A good question to always ask is: Does it feel right? If the answer is no, then a report should most likely be filed to protect the company. Bias is a strong competitor when considering reporting an observation of misconduct. They should be asking themselves if they think they have a bias against the person being reported, and if so, they should consider that the behavior observed could have been appropriate. The employee should also think about the biases coworkers may form towards them if they were to find out they made the report. Although this shouldn’t be an issue because reports are to remain anonymous, there could be a risk of creating bridges within the company. One last thing to consider is whether or not the employee has someone trustworthy in upper management to support them if they choose to make a report. This person should be briefed and agree that the observation was one of unethical conduct. If an employee has considered all options and decided to blow the whistle on misconduct, the employee should rely on an internal resource to report to. Using an internal resource can be beneficial because the problem can be resolved quicker and easier. Internal resources can includemanagers and supervisors who can handle one-on-one confrontations with the person who participated in the unethical behavior. When reporting unethical conduct, employees would need to describe the concern to their supervisor in detail and ensure accurate documentation is supplied. The manager should be given time to investigate these claims to decide on the next steps. Senior managers, HR, and the Legal Department can also be utilized to ensure the process is ethically run and quickly resolved, especially if an employee’s direct supervisor is not complying. It is important to document all behaviors with specific details such as times, dates, observations, and conversations. If an employee goes through all the actions of reporting ethical misconduct and nothing has come of it, it could mean it is time to rely on external options outside of the company to complete a report. Comcast is a prime example that internal resources being supplied to employees, but those resources
may not always act on reports. In extreme cases, an employee can report to external sources, but at times can result in termination or legal action against the whistleblower. Using these types of resources may also eliminate anonymity and risk public education of the whistleblower. Employees can utilize government agencies such as the police or even the media when trying to take action in reporting unethical behavior. 3 Whistleblowers are pivotal in exposing fraud, sexual harassment, corruption, and more. The False Claims Act acts as a reward system for whistleblowers who accurately and honestly report unethical behaviors within companies and organizations. The False Claims Act also punishes those who falsely report actions that are deemed unethical. One advantage of the False Claims Act is its ability to incentivize reporting unethical actions so more people come forward and fraudulent companies are punished appropriately. Financial rewards are given to whistleblowers who accurately report deceitful activity to protect future businesses and government agencies. A large disadvantage to paying whistleblowers based on the False Claims Act is the outside community potentially seeing reports as a means for personal gain. Although there is a lot of investigation behind these claims, people not reporting these claims could form biases against whistleblowers who are receiving financial compensation.
4 U.S. Sentencing Guidelines were created to support and urge organizations to behave ethically within all business operations. Because of these guidelines, corporations were obligated to create regulations, policies, and laws that maintain their ethical standing. Employees are required to follow these set rules to support the business with being an ethically run system. If these guidelines are to be broken, organizations can risk fines and possibly worse punishments. Companies encourage their employees to comply with such regulations to prevent ramifications that could hurt the organization and its values. Three culpability factors that are used to determine fines under the U.S. Sentencing Guidelines include the prior history of the organization, the criminal intent of the organization (if the company accidentally committed a crime or knowingly committed a crime), and the company’s obstruction with justice and evidence. Each of these can determine the extent of the fines given for breaking the law. If a company or defendant complies with legal, then punishment can be lessened depending on the willingness to comply. Companies have the responsibility to take ownership for their actions. If they do not, they can risk hefty fines. Eshal
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1 Illusory correlation can be defined as a negative association between two inconstant conceived ideas and stereotypes or a biased fabrication of an individual’s natural mind. An example is if a person is equally planned on the existing extraterrestrial life. The odd bright sky can automatically be concluded to be extraneous in their mind, rather than pretending that it could be something else, for instance, an Air Force base testing missiles. Pseudoscience is defined as a situation where one believes the information to be accurate when in a real sense, it cannot relate to the scientific method. For example, in the Coronavirus outbreak, most individuals thought that the Covid-19 vaccine was a chip and could not protect an individual’s health. However, the intense scientific research and outcomes brought out relate to the increase in immunity. Illusory correlation and pseudoscience can go together; they are reciprocally comprehensive. Illusory correlation depicts the trend alleging a report about a norm as a fact; pseudoscience is postulating something being true and has proof to back when evidence is provable. Illusory correlation occurs in situations where one is attached to a debate and brings a hysterical response to a person, as extant norms are argued. Pseudoscience may be used to prove one’s feelings but with no use of scientific principles (Hupp, 2019). 2 The scientific method starts with a hypothesis, which is theoretical or tested questioned. It is then intensively tested to gauge the accuracy of the hypothesis. This theory emanates from two varying
variables, the self-dependent and dependent variable in effect. The self- rectifying attitude is observed in the testing phase of the scientific method. For instance, if you design a test to confirm whether spanking kids as a way of punishing brings aggressive behavior outcomes and if it proves positive, then the fundamental science behind childhood aggression self-corrects as new information is shed on the subject. If the results from the concluded experiment provide evidence to be negative, then the law changes, and a new quiz is tested. These openly match the scientific method's cyclical nature, and it is essential to get accurate outcomes. Proving theory to be accurate also relates directly to the validity and reliability of a research method. These show how possible the outcomes are to be duplicated if a similar test were to be done (Huffman et al., 2017). 3 Genetic, environmental correlation draws the organization of individuals’ genes about their surroundings. Notwithstanding codes are written in the genome, our potential gene is affected by our surrounding environment. It rules one’s behavior and how one reacts to what is presented to them. For instance, my dad is more organized and has usually maintained one of his duties to be cleanliness. In return, I was brought up in a well-organized home, making me very orderly and efficient in my adulthood. Out of my four siblings, I’m the only one who attended public school, which exposed me to many options and, fortunately, being the first to join college. Joining college was the direct outcome of the drive from the public or my academic surrounding. Additionally, it has provided me with more information and hence succeeded in real life, and provided me to attain maximum potential as my genes related to my surroundings and vice versa (O'Connor, 2018). 4
I would be ready to attempt the hypnosis during periods of increased stress in my life if the alternative means of treatment, like therapy talk, have shown to be inefficient. However, I have not attempted it before, and most individuals in my life have affirmed the act of mediation. I trust the act to be a boost due to the aspects of the internal trial, which may help in mental health issues. It also has health benefits, like slowed heartbeat rate is promoted by slowing breathing and lowering blood pressure. I would confidently inquire a period friend to help in knowledge to concentrate on my breathing or access therapists that boost the practice (Pagnini, 2018). Notwithstanding, if the act of mediation were the option viable, I would first require to know the fact of dissociation and what needs first to join occurs into a state of consciousness. However, as social cognitive theory, according to module 4.7, states, “... people’s behavior can be shaped by their expectations of how they should act in a given situation.” (Para 10). These can increase bias when entering into an act of mediation for the first time. Based on this information, I would be less open to the concept of hypnosis. 5 According to module 4.8, “….sufficient sleep duration, sleep continuity or efficiency, sleep timing, alertness/ sleepiness and satisfaction/ quality that should occur on consistent basis, varies by race/ ethnicity” (Para. 1). The different sleep formats between other races were an aspect I didn’t know. Getting to know this will help in the study of psychology, as a particular race can research to analyze why
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they are more susceptible to sleep issues and assess treatment plans. I noted the disparity between sex and ethnicity according to sleep discrepancies. For instance, according to Module 4.8. “… black men the group with the lowest sleep duration slept on average 82 minutes less per night than white women the group with the highest sleep duration” (Para. 6). These cultural aspects help identify newer biological discoveries, as sleep discrepancies are positively correlated to race, genre and ethnicity. These can aid health champions to identify further info about our genes, as differential biological needs may need to be met for individuals of different races and genders. It also allows us to focus on particular groups and understand the final result of sleep discrepancies, such as reduced cognition, slow reaction time, and increased obesity. This is essential as we know specific groups of individuals are more susceptible to sleep-related incidents, and hence have an increase in health-related risk issues, and can provide the different groups with info on safe sleeping practice habits to avoid the future effects.