Capstone_SLP1_Module 1_Hurricane Katrina_Eguires
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Hurricane Katrina
Tanya L Eguires
HLS 599
Trident University
Dr. Ammerman
02/09/2023
2
Hurricane Katrina
Topic: Hurricane Katrina Response and Management Effectiveness Assessment
A.
Narrowing Down the topic
The first step I took in constructing my research topic was brainstorming a list of possible
topics related to my concentration which is Emergency Management and Logistics. Thereafter, I
performed generalized research on disaster effectiveness, and I realized that Hurricane Katrina is
one of the most referenced natural disasters historically in reference to management
effectiveness. Therefore, I was interested in understanding the activities that took place during
Hurricane Katrina at a deeper level, and I narrowed down the topic to assessing its response and
management effectiveness. Through the topic, I aim to uncover specifics on how governmental
policies handled Hurricane Katrina and how the existing response flaws can be improved for
better and more reliable human protection. The following sections capture the significance of the
topic and the programs and recent attacks that had an influential impact on the selection of the
topic.
The Importance of the Topic
With increased environmental concerns, many unexpected disasters continue to pose a
tremendous threat to human life and ecological sustainability; hence, learning ways that
governmental policies and response efforts can be structured to increase effectiveness becomes a
significant topic. My concentration is in Emergency Management and Logistics, and I
understand areas that contribute to unsuccessful disaster response, management, and ways that
prevalent flaws can be resolved in the future. This topic will push me to perform more profound
research and increase my understanding of the current circumstances of disaster response
3
activities and the effectiveness levels of these efforts. Therefore, I will be well informed in my
future career path to take part in enacting or advocating for necessary policies to improve any
dragging components and help protect future human life.
Plans, Programs, Policies, and/or models that have Influenced your Decision.
Looking at the Individual and Household programs that FEMA offers as recovery
assistance motivated me to dig deeper and understand how these programs can be enhanced for a
better recovery. FEMA is a widely recognized United States agency whose primary purpose is to
lead the nation's preparedness, response, mitigation, management, and recovery efforts during
disasters. Therefore, my research topic and questions were majorly influenced by the need to
understand how FEMA and other related programs work and how they can be restructured in the
future for better results. With disasters such as Hurricane Katrina, government policies and
efforts failed to some extent in coordinating efficient and beneficial management and recovery
efforts. There were reported cases of administration breakdown and the need for more
communication coordination among the response teams involved. Therefore, it is necessary to
understand the duties undertaken by FEMA then and areas where the agency fell short in helping
people recover. With that information, a better future can be drafted for the nation's and its
people's maximum benefit.
References to the Latest Attacks and the Impact upon the People, Community,
or Region.
The ongoing Turkey-Syria earthquakes are an example of how catastrophic disasters turn
out. A 7.8 magnitude earthquake followed by a 7.6 tumbler hit Turkey and Syria on Monday,
February, according to Aljazeera news (2023). there is currently a 5000-death toll and around
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7800 people rescued. The Wall Street Journal (2023). also aired a drone video showing videos of
falling to the ground in real-time and rescue operations underway digging up the hives for
survivors. Syria's call for United Nations to offer the country help through the incident
demonstrates some of the inadequacies that lead to ineffective rescue efforts and recovery.
B.
Identification of Topic-Related References
Boin, A., Brown, C., & Richardson, J. (2019). Analyzing a Mega-Disaster: Lessons from
Hurricane Katrina.
The text highlights mainly the positive aspects of the Hurricane Katrina response, which
got lost in the politicized, incomplete, unfair, and negative assessment. According to the authors,
many accounts regarding the effectiveness of Hurricane Katrina mainly focus on how the
response teams failed and ignore the various ways that response efforts were successful. The
paper acknowledges how the Hurricane Katrina response has repeatedly been labeled a disaster.
The public, media, survivors, academics, and politicians have criticized the local, state, and
federal governments for failed preparedness measures. However,
in this paper, the authors
demonstrate how the car-based evacuation and the post-land fall search and rescue, among other
endeavors, were successful even amidst the disaster's trying conditions. Therefore, the text seeks
to demonstrate a counter perspective to the popular belief that the whole response activities
during Hurricane Katrina were a failure and made everything worse.
Renne, J. L., & Mayorga, E. (2022). What has America learned Since Hurricane Katrina?
Evaluating evacuation plans for carless and vulnerable populations in 50 large cities
across the United States.
International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction
,
80
, 103226.
5
This paper provides a comparative analysis of United States evacuation planning in the
50 largest cities now and a decade ago when Hurricane Katrina took place. The occurrence of
Hurricane Katrina highlighted flaws in preparedness and response measures, especially in the
evacuation of vulnerable populations and carless people. According to the authors, since 2005,
when Hurricane Katrina hit New Orleans, minimal improvements have occurred in the identified
cities' evacuation planning. Therefore, the study presents an Evacuation Preparedness Rating
System as a suggestion for solving the underlying ineffective measures that lead to a slow
evaluation process. The proposed system entails five practices identified as better alternative
dimensions to evacuation planning; specializing transportation plans for special needs
individuals, registration of special needs, carless people evacuation strategy, incorporation of
multimodal plans for evacuation, and setting up pick-up locations. In addition, the research
provided in the paper offers ways for cities to track emergency evacuation plans effectively
regarding vulnerable populations in communities during disasters.
Mutongwizo, T., Blaustein, J., & Shearing, C. (2022). Resilience policing and climate change:
Adaptive responses to hydrological emergencies.
CrimRxiv
.
The authors here discuss law enforcement officers' role in managing chronic natural
hazard human security effects with a significant focus on Hurricane Katrina and Harvey. The
paper reports that during Hurricane Katrina, vulnerable communities ended up over-policed but
remained under-protected. The police response during Hurricane Harvey is then presented as an
understanding of the significance of the traditional policing perspective to promote community
security resilience during environmental disasters. Therefore, the authors argue that conventional
policing actors must be incorporated as part of the emergency management network, which
enhances resilience during a crisis. The paper recommends disaster preparedness organizations
6
research more on the issue of traditional policing actors and consider them as part of necessary
security management during future hazards.
McGuire, M., & Schneck, D. (2010). What if Hurricane Katrina hit in 2020? The need for
strategic management of disasters.
Public Administration Review
,
70
, s201-s207.
The study seeks to answer the question of whether governmental response and
management measures have improved since the experience of Hurricane Katrina. The big
question is how the government would handle another instance of Hurricane Katrina differently
after all these years, are there significant improvements that make the government more ready
now than then? In response to the question, the authors argue that effective disaster response and
management requires strategic rather than reactive thinking. The argument maintains that
political leaders’ strategic management capability determines the effectiveness of preparedness,
response, and recovery efforts. The authors conclude that leadership and management are the top
components influencing the successful management of future Katrina and 9/11-like events.
Fraser, T., Poniatowski, A., Hersey, N., Zheng, H., & Aldrich, D. P. (2022). Uneven Paths:
Recovery in Louisiana Parishes after Hurricanes Katrina and Rita.
Available at SSRN
4004216
.
Focusing on Hurricane Katrina and Rita as the central cases, the text assesses why some
communities demonstrate better disaster recovery than others. The authors examined the impact
of local, soft, hard, and State policy toolkits frequently used by the United States for disaster
response and recovery. Through the performed research, the paper reports that local and soft
policies enhance cities' financial and human recovery faster than hard and state-based policies.
The authors demonstrate how recovery from Hurricane Rita was faster and stronger in cities
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where locally-engaged policies we adopted and cities with state-structured recovery strategies
experienced prolonged damage and negative impacts.
Ahsan, M. M., & Özbek, N. (2022). Policy considerations on hurricane-induced human
displacement: Lessons from Cyclone Sidr and Hurricane Katrina.
Tropical Cyclone
Research and Review
,
11
(2), 120-130.
Aljazeera news. (2023). Death toll rises above 5,000 after Turkey, Syria earthquakes. (n.d.).
Www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved February 7, 2023, from
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/2/7/death-toll-rises-above-4200-after-turkey-syria-
earthquake#:~:text=Turkey
Blackburn, C. C., & Shelke, S. (2022). The lingering impact of Hurricane Katrina: Examining
the physical health, mental health, and racial equity impacts of disaster response.
Journal
of emergency management
,
20
(1), 9-15.
Boin, A., HART, P. T., McConnell, A., & Preston, T. (2010). Leadership style, crisis response,
and blame management: The case of Hurricane Katrina.
Public Administration
,
88
(3),
706-723.
Fraser, K. T., Shapiro, S., Willingham, C., Tavarez, E., Berg, J., & Freudenberg, N. (2022). What
we can learn from US food policy response to crises of the last 20 years–Lessons for the
COVID-19 era: a scoping review.
SSM-Population Health
,
17
, 100952.
Leining, L. M., Short, K., Erickson, T. A., Gunter, S. M., Ronca, S. E., Schulte, J., & Murray, K.
O. (2022). Syndromic Surveillance among Evacuees at a Houston “Megashelter”
following Hurricane Harvey.
Sustainability
,
14
(10), 6018.
8
Murphy, T., & Jennex, M. E. (2008). Knowledge management and hurricane Katrina response.
In
Current Issues in Knowledge Management
(pp. 328-340). IGI Global.
Schneider, S. K. (2005). Administrative breakdowns in the governmental response to Hurricane
Katrina.
Public Administration Review
,
65
(5), 515-516.
Sobel, R. S., & Leeson, P. T. (2006). Government's response to Hurricane Katrina: A public
choice analysis.
Public Choice
,
127
, 55-73.
Stewart, T., & Bird, P. (2022). Health economic evaluation: cost-effective strategies in
humanitarian and disaster relief medicine.
BMJ Mil Health
,
168
(6), 435-440.
Yazdani, M., Mojtahedi, M., Loosemore, M., & Sanderson, D. (2022). A modeling framework to
design an evacuation support system for healthcare infrastructures in response to
significant flood events.
Progress in disaster science
,
13
, 100218.
The Wall Street Journal. (2023). Turkey-Syria Earthquake: Drone Video Shows Devastating
Extent of Damage. Www.wsj.com. from
https://www.wsj.com/video/turkey-syria-
earthquake-drone-video-shows-devastating-extent-of-damage/5E125755-DC13-491D-
AA76-D9323F412364.html