Movie Quiz 4
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University of Guelph *
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2240
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Geology
Date
Dec 6, 2023
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Uploaded by BaronFlamingoPerson819
Sedimentary Rocks (due Oct 16, 2023 by 11:59 pm)
https://ia801801.us.archive.org/22/items/earth-revealed-22-wind-dust-and-deserts/Earth%20Revealed
%2017%20Sedimentary%20Rocks%20The%20Key%20to%20Past%20Environments.mp4
Name and Student ID____________ruitian chen 1145966________________
1.
Briefly describe how sedimentary rocks form.
Existing rocks are reduced by weathering and erosion into smaller fragments like sand, silt, and clay.
After being carried by wind, water, or ice, these sediments finally settle and build up in depressions or
basins. Solid sedimentary rocks are created throughout time as a result of the pressure from layers above
compacting and cementing the sediments.
2.
List
five
biochemical sedimentary rocks and indicate environments of deposition for each.
One such example is limestone, which is often found in warm, shallow marine areas.
Another is chert, which is made up of microcrystalline quartz.
Chert is frequently discovered in deep marine habitats where organic siliceous material is plentiful.
Dolomite, which is generally found in coastal environments.
Phosphorite is created when organic marine detritus and phosphatic shells build up in shallow marine
habitats. Coal is often found in terrestrial settings.
3.
Define
the principle of uniformity
.
The principle of uniformity presents geological, environmental, and geographical processes are key to
understanding past and future changes on Earth. It implies that the same natural laws and processes that
operate today have been in action throughout Earth's history.
4.
Why are sedimentary structures useful?
List four sedimentary structures discussed in the movie.
The presence of sedimentary structures helps us to better understand the composition of the Earth's
surface and explore how it was formed. There are four structures discussed in the movie:
-1 Cross-bedding: It is frequently seen in sandstones and is created by the movement of wind or water
currents, consists of inclined layers of material inside a larger sedimentary unit.
-2 Ripple marks are minute, wave-like markings seen on sedimentary rocks' surfaces that show the
direction and strength of previous currents or waves.
-3 Mudcracks: Mudcracks are polygonal patterns created when muddy sediments dry out and crack.
-4 The remnants or evidence of extinct species that have been preserved in sedimentary rocks are known
as fossils.
5.
Where is Ridge Basin located?
Why do geologists believe that several million years ago it was a lake
with streams flowing in? List four types
of evidence.
Ridge Basin is dropped between the San Gabriel and the San Andreas faults at the southern of California.
Geologists found well-bedded and fine-grained sediments, which indicates that the volume of water was
slowly settling. And fossils of freshwater organisms are found within the sedimentary layers of Ridge
Basin. This indicates the presence and trace of purified water. Also, the presence of lacustrine limestone
indicates a shallow and periodically evaporating lake setting. Finally, some crackers and bubbles show
that stream existed before.
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