11.1 assignmnet

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Florida International University *

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1005

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Geography

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Oct 30, 2023

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docx

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1. a. What is the difference between weather and climate? How are the two related? According to NASA weather is associated locally and over a short period of time. Climate refers to global temperatures over a long period of time. Both relate to the earth atmosphere b. Does climate change naturally occur? Before human history, identify a time period when the Earth was warmer than it is today. Climate change can occur naturally. According to the NASA the earth was warmer than it is today during the Eocene, over 100 million years ago. c. Explain the difference between the terms "Climate Change" and "Global Warming." Global warming refers to the warming of the earth atmosphere. Climate change are the effects of global warming. d. Describe three ways humans contribute to global warming and give an example for each. Burning fossil fuels- factories, emissions from cars. Polluting- dumping trash into the ocean, oil spills. e. If humans stopped releasing carbon emissions (e.g. from fossil fuels), describe two additional methods that could promote Global Cooling. We can promote global cooling by going solar and by creating a mini forest or garden. 2. What is a limiting nutrient? When you add fertilizer to a house plant, which limiting nutrient(s) is being added? Why are some fertilizers considered harmful to the environment? A limiting nutrient is a nutrient that is available but limited or least amount. When you add fertilizer to a house plant the limiting nutrients that are being added are Nitrogen and Phosphorus. Some fertilizers are considered harmful to the earth because it could increase the amount of greenhouse gasses. 3. What is the limiting nutrient Mr. George is adding to the waters? What is the name of the organism that is benefiting from it? Is the organism a plant or animal? The

limiting nutrient Mr. George has added to the waters was Iron. The organism that is benefiting from it are plankton, which is an animal. 4. In a few sentences, explain how adding this limited nutrient to the ocean is expected to reduce global warming? Tampering with the environment can be very risky. The slightest changes might help one organism but be detrimental to another. So by adding the limiting nutrient , plankton may benefit from it , but another marine animal might be thrown off by the change of its environment. 5. Who are the Haida? What do they have to do with this experiment? The Haida are a native Canadian group that paid 2.5 million to Russ George and his team to spread out the dust to help aid the recovery for the local salmon fishery. 6. In your own words, describe the two terms: "cap and trade" and "emissions trading". What do the two terms have to do with the article? (4 points) Cap and trade can be defined as setting a limit on the number of emissions a group of emitters can release. Emissions trading is intended to reduce pollution in the environment. Countries receive permits to produce carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. The two terms correlate with the article because the person who conducted this experiment bypassed both terms by not letting the government know all the details about their risky “state of the art” experiment. 7. Describe the term geoengineering; what is it? Make a list of three reasons why geoengineering can be beneficial and three reasons why it can be detrimental. Geoengineering is a grand scale manipulation of an environmental process meant to tamper with the earth’s climate. 3 Pros of geoengineering: it can slow down climate change, it will slow the rate of ocean acidification. Can reduce CO2. 3 Cons: it might not work, if CO2 levels continue to rise the earth would warm up faster, can alter regional climates in a negative way 8. Do you think Mr. George should have conducted this experiment the way he did? Why or why not? I don’t agree with him conducting the experiment without the oversight of the environmental government being fully involved. He could have caused a lot of damage to the environment trying to help a local fishery. I don’t think the stakes were great enough for the risk.

9. What scientific evidence did Mr. George collect to determine the success/failure of his experiment? Give your reasoning. Was this a well-thought-out experiment? There is no sufficient scientific evidence to prove his experiment worked or not. This was not a well throughout experiment. He placed a negligible amount of iron compared to what naturally enter the ocean which can either be good or bad. 10. This article was written in 2012 but is still very relevant today. In your own words, explain two new developments in geoengineering on Climate Change that have been made within the last two years. You must also include at least two resources of your information in MLA format. One geoengineering effort is bighting clouds. Darker objects absorb light while bright objects reflect it. Too brighten the clouds above the ocean tiny seawater aerosols could be sprayed over the oceans, so that small water droplets form around them. Another form of geoengineering is Direct Carbon capture. “Overview: Weather, Global Warming and Climate Change.” NASA , NASA, 14 Apr. 2022, https://climate.nasa.gov/resources/global-warming-vs-climate-change/. “The Pros and Cons of Geoengineering.” New Scientist , New Scientist, 1 Oct. 2012, https://www.newscientist.com/gallery/geoengineering/. SITNFlash. “Reversing Climate Change with Geoengineering.” Science in the News , 3 Jan. 2022, https://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2022/reversing-climate-change-with- geoengineering/. “Top 15 Things We Can Do to Cool down Our Planet - Helloleads CRM Blogs & Insights.” HelloLeads Blog - Simple Lead Management Software , 11 May 2022, https://www.helloleads.io/blog/all/work-and-life/top-15-things-to-cool-down-our-planet/.

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