Lab 5 Assignment_Online
docx
keyboard_arrow_up
School
Georgia State University *
*We aren’t endorsed by this school
Course
113
Subject
Geography
Date
Feb 20, 2024
Type
docx
Pages
6
Uploaded by UltraTroutMaster1168
Lab 5: Weathering GEOG 1113L – Introduction to Landforms Lab
I.
What is Weathering?
1.
What does weathering create/provide and what would Earth’s surface be composed of if weathering did not happen? Weathering provides inorganic material in the soil which vegetation
needs to grow. If it wasn’t for weathering the Earth’s continental surface would just be solid bedrock. 2.
What is the difference between weathering and erosion? Weathering preps the rock materials to
be moved and Erosion is when the rock gets moved. 3.
Describe the process of frost wedging (frost action). When water turns into ice, it increases in volume by 9% which is how water pipes burst when it gets cold. Frost actions can break off anything from small grains to large boulders and is an important process in cold environments where freeze-thaw cycles are common. 4.
Similar to frost wedging, Salt Wedging fractures rocks through crystal growth within the pores of the rock. These crystals originate from Salt Crystals inside the rock that later evaporates and leaves behind Chemical precipitate. 5.
The two previously mentioned types of weathering are both forms of what? Frost action and Salt
Crystal Growth. Mechanical Weathering
6.
Which type of weathering causes metal to rust? Oxidation 7.
Weathering that alters minerals in a rock via water, oxygen, carbon, and/or other organic acids is called what? Chemical Weathering 8.
Which type of weathering causes karst topography? Chemical Weathering
9.
Name three features you might find in a karst landscape. Sinkholes, Caves, and Springs
10.
What is one fact (from the video) about caves that you find interesting? The Stalactites 11.
Tree roots, lichen, and humans all play a part in weathering as well. Which type of weathering is this called? Biological Weathering
II.
Weathering Resistance
Use the two images below to answer questions about weathering resistance. Assume all rock layers in both images have been subjected to the same type/amount of weathering.
Image A:
1.
Which color/pattern represents a rock layer that is MOST resistant to weathering compared to the others? Dark Gray
2.
Which color/pattern represents a rock layer that is LEAST resistant to weathering compared to the others? Black
3.
Which colors/patterns represent rock layers that share the same level of resistance to weathering compared to the others? The gray 4
th
and 5
th
.
Image B:
4.
Within the red box, which layer appears to be most resistant to weathering (A, B, or C)? C
5.
Within the red box, which layer appears to be the least resistant to weathering? B 6.
What is one indication that a rock layer is more resistant to weathering? A
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
- Access to all documents
- Unlimited textbook solutions
- 24/7 expert homework help
III. Physical Vs. Chemical Weathering For each location below, be sure to explore the photo by dragging your mouse around the 360
o
view around you and using the scroll feature on your mouse to zoom in and out on specific parts of the image.
Answer each question that accompanies the link.
1.
Visit Apikuni Falls
in Glacier National Park. Some of these rocks have a white color, but they have an orange color where they are exposed to water from the waterfall. Which type of weathering is producing the orange-colored rocks? B
a.
Carbonation
b.
Oxidation
c.
Exfoliation
d.
Frost wedging
2.
Visit Stone Foundation
in Wisconsin. There is evidence in this 360
O
photo for which type of weathering? A
a.
Salt crystal growth
b.
Oxidation
c.
Exfoliation
d.
Frost wedging
3.
Visit Starved Rock State
Park in Illinois. What type of weathering do you see in this 360
O
photo? C
a.
Carbonation
b.
Oxidation
c.
Exfoliation
d.
Frost wedging
4.
Support your claim about the weathering in Starved Rock State Park with evidence you observe in the 360
O
photo. What type of weathering is this (chemical or physical)? Chemical 5.
Differential weathering
means that some rocks breakdown more easily than others. For example,
in this picture
of a dolerite dike, you see a dark igneous rock forming a prominent low wall extending into the ocean. It sticks out above the beach sediment on either side of it (mostly sand) because the sand has formed from rocks that weathered away more easily. We consider the dolerite dike more resistant to weathering, because it resists weathering. Differential weathering in an outcropping of rock can produce dramatic landscapes. If a rock weathers easily, it will break down easily making gentle slopes. If a rock resists weathering, it will
make steep cliffs. Visit Monument Valley
in Arizona. Notice that the towers of rock are more resistant to weathering, while the gentle sided slopes at the bottom of the towers weather more
easily. Now visit LaSalle Canyon
at Starved Rock State Park in Illinois. The evidence of differential erosion is less obvious. Describe where in the LaSalle Canyon you see resistant or easily weathered layers. What evidence can you observe of differential weathering?
6.
One type of physical weathering not covered yet is abrasion
. A scratch on your skin or eye is called an abrasion and an “abrasive” person is someone that grates on your nerves. So, this form of weathering is just like it sounds. When sand or silt is picked up by water or wind and bumps into other rocks, it can round off the edges, making things smooth. River rocks are rounded because they roll around in rivers, bumping into one another and chipping off their rough edges. Sand carried by river water acts like sandpaper, smoothing the surface of the rocks. For example, see this photograph of rounded pebbles
. Abrasion also happens as a result of wind carrying sand. Visit Devil’s Garden
in Grand Staircase – Escalante National Monument in Utah. The towers of rock are called hoodoos. How are Devil’s garden hoodoos an example of differential weathering? Provide evidence from your observations of the 360
O
photo. Rock layers are composed of different materials and some materials are more resistant toto weathering than others. 7.
What evidence is there in the 360
O
photo of Devil’s Garden that the hoodoos and other rock outcrops were weathered by abrasion? The shapes of the hoodoos and other rocks.
IV. Karst Topography
Choose one of the five locations provided and visit the Google Earth link: 1. Central Kentucky Karst, USA
, 2. Sof Omar Cave, Ethiopia
, 3. Postojna Cave, Slovenia
, 4. Tenglong Cave, China
, 5. Waitomo Cave, New Zealand
.
Once you have chosen your location, utilize the following links to learn more about karst topography and answer the questions below. https://home.wgnhs.wisc.edu/wisconsin-geology/karst-sinkholes/
https://www.nps.gov/subjects/caves/karst-landscapes.htm
https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/karst/
https://people.uwec.edu/jolhm/Cave2006/Karst.html
https://www.gsi.ie/en-ie/programmes-and-projects/groundwater/activities/understanding-irish-karst/
karst-landforms/Pages/default.aspx
1.
What is one indication that the location you chose has karst topography? Take a screenshot of this feature (must be visible in the picture) and attach it below along with the name of the
feature. The bedrock composed of Limestone in and around the cave.
2.
The most common bedrock that makes up karst topography is what?
Limestone
3.
What are two negative impacts of karst topography? Sinkholes collapsing, and ground water pollution.
4.
What are three facts about karst topography from the provided links that you found interesting?
The beauty of the Waitomo Cave at night
The Stalactites hanging from the Cave.
The small opening into the Cave
Attachment for question 1
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
- Access to all documents
- Unlimited textbook solutions
- 24/7 expert homework help