Radiant Energy 4A Experiment

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Feb 20, 2024

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REPORT FOR: HANNAH ROBBINS Radiant Energy No feedback yet. Radiant Energy Section Page: Introduction Question #1 What physical features affect the amount of incoming sunlight? You can discuss atmospheric features or features on Earth's surface. For each feature, explain how it would either increase or decrease Earth's heating by sunlight. One physical feature, in regards to Earth, is the tilt of its axis and its orientation as it revolves around our Sun. This angle can vary across the course of a year, and as it decreases, incoming sunlight is able to reach larger areas which would increase earths heating by sunlight. In connection to this tilt, we know that the Earth's axis and its changes as it revolves around the sun. These changes alter the length of the day versus night that certain parts of the Earth feel. The longer the period of daylight is that an area experiences, the more sunlight it is going to receive at that specific location. The shorter the period of daylight, would, therefore, be the opposite. Regarding the atmosphere, things like clouds and particles that are suspended in the air do you have dramatic repercussions on the amount of sunlight that comes in. When we have a lots of clouds in the sky, we see less sunlight here on Earth, because they reflect a lot of light back to space, or they may scatter and disperse it. Question #2 What physical features affect the amount of radiation leaving Earth? Which features prevent the loss of heat from Earth to outer space? You may illustrate these features using the Drawing Tool if that helps to explain them. Some physical features that affect the amount of radiation that leaves Earth are geographic regions that receive more snow or have thicker clouds. Areas of vast water can also play a role, but this is more dependent on the sun angles. As for preventing the loss of heat from earth to the outer space, the greenhouse effect is a natural process that holds this responsibility, as it maintains our Earth at a sufficient temperature to sustain life. Gases like

carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and methane trap the heat from the Sun within the atmosphere, and prevent it from escaping into outer space. Question #3 Page: Procedure Question #4 No response

Page: Collect Data I Question #5: Labbook album No response Question #6 What do you notice about the sun rays, the infrared rays, and the heat energy? What happens to them as the model runs? Sun Rays: It falls down and penetrates Earth's surface, transforming into heat energy below that surface. Heat Energy: It bounced around within Earth but escaped back through its surface and transformed into infrared rays. Infrared Rays: It went from the atmosphere and escaped out into the black of outer space. Question #7 You can use HTML content to write the prompt of the question ... View Work | Open in new tab Question #8 No response Page: Collect Data II Question #9: Labbook album No response Question #10 What happens to a sun ray when it hits Earth? Name two things that can happen to the sun ray. One thing that can happen is that it can be reflected off of the surface and go back through the atmosphere and out into space. Another thing that can happen when a sun ray hits Earth is that it can be absorbed and be trapped within Earth. Question #11 Based on your observations, explain what you think albedo stands for in the model. In this model, I think albedo stands as an expression of the ability of surfaces to reflect sunlight, with that ability being able to be altered by its shifting from one extreme to the other. Question #12 No response Page: Collect Data III Question #13: Labbook album No response Question #14 What happens inside Earth when it is hit by many sun rays? It is hit with a burst of heat inside Earth. It does lose that energy though eventually, especially since I did not add in any other sun rays. Question #15 The red arrows represent infrared rays, which are electromagnetic radiation like light but in an energy range that is not visible. What happens to the infrared rays in the model?

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In the model, they escape the atmosphere above Earth's surface and leave out into outer space. Question #16 No response Page: Analysis Question #17 1. What happens to sun rays that enter the model? Most of the time, I saw the rays absorbed into Earth through its surface and changed into heat energy. A hand full of times I saw them be reflected, which were the times I was messing with the albedo. Question #18 No response Question #19 2. Where do infrared rays come from, and where do they go? Infrared rays are light that has been transformed into heat energy within Earth and escaped back out through its surface. They go into the atmosphere where they eventually travel out into outer space. Question #20 3. How does the “albedo” slider change the model? (You may have guessed that “albedo” is a word that describes how much sunlight is reflected by Earth's surface.) It changes the model in the sense that it allows more or less sunlight to penetrate into Earth, with the light that is not penetrating being reflected back off of Earth's surface. Question #21 4. Which would make Earth hotter, on average?  a) higher albedo  b) lower albedo Explain your answer. If something has a high albedo, it reflects larger amounts of light energy back into the atmosphere. If something has a low albedo, it absorbs most of the light that hits it. Therefore, option B will make Earth hotter on average because it allows more light to be absorbed through Earth's surface. Question #22 5. What change might raise or lower Earth's albedo? Why would this change affect the albedo? The raising or lowering of earths, Alberto can change seasonally as vegetation changes occur, and it can also depend on things like snow and clouds. Search factors would affect the albedo because they would alter the Earth's ability to absorb, or reflect sunlight. Question #23 6. Sunlight is always arriving on Earth. Why doesn’t Earth continually get hotter? We know that as the Earth receives sunlight and absorbs it, it increases its temperature. However, if this were to continue over and over Earth would

get extremely hot. We know that Earth also has the ability to reflect sunlight, radiating it back, which prevents this from happening. Page: Conclusion Question #24 What happens when sunlight strikes Earth? When sunlight strikes the Earth, it is either reflected or absorbed. The reflected light bounces back into the atmosphere, while the absorbed light serves as an energy source for Earth. Question #25 No response Page: Concluding Career STEM Question Question #26 How do you think the ocean and other bodies of water affect the amount of energy on Earth? Explain. The majority of the solar radiation that is received by water on Earth's surface is retained as heat in our oceans, raising their temperature. The water also absorbs heat from the atmosphere. Upon this absorption, the heat is carried by ocean circulation patterns and reradiated from the seas, affecting the air temperatures and energy levels in the surrounding areas. Question #27 How might atmospheric and space scientists study processes on Earth's surface? To carry out their work, atmospheric scientists must utilize sophisticated equipment and computer systems. I could imagine radar sensors and satellite systems being used to monitor various weather patterns and energy levels here on Earth. Page: Further Investigation Question #28: Labbook album No response Question #29 Explain what you must do to keep the energy in the Earth steady. In order to keep the energy in the Earth at around 30, I had to continuously make sun rays back to back to back. If I lacked, there was not sufficient light to sustain this value. Sunlight had to be constantly added throughout the course of this mission.

Radiant Energy 4A Experiment

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