FIN 550 - Milestone Three - Capital Budgeting
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Milestone Three: Capital Budgeting Data
Southern New Hampshire University
FIN 550 – Corporate Financial Management
October 29,2023
Capital Budgeting Data
The project that I chose to analyze has an initial investment of $17 million, straight line depreciation is 20%, income tax rate is 20% and WACC is 5%.
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Initial Outlay
CF1
CF2
CF3
CF4
CF5
($17,000,000)
Cash Flows (Sales)
4,390,000
$ 4,200,000
$ 4,500,000
$ 5,000,000
$ 4,700,000
$ - Operating Costs (excluding Depreciation)
700,000
$ 700,000
$ 225,000
$ 350,000
$ 400,000
$ - Depreciation Rate of 20% (5-Years)
(3,400,000)
$ (3,400,000)
$ (3,400,000)
$ (3,400,000)
$ (3,400,000)
$ Operating Income (EBIT)
290,000
$ 100,000
$ 875,000
$ 1,250,000
$ 900,000
$ - Income Tax (use 20%)
58,000
$ 20,000
$ 175,000
$ 250,000
$ 180,000
$ After-Tax EBIT
232,000
$ 80,000
$ 700,000
$ 1,000,000
$ 720,000
$ + Depreciation
3,400,000
$ 3,400,000
$ 3,400,000
$ 3,400,000
$ 3,400,000
$ Cash Flows
($17,000,000)
3,632,000
$ 3,480,000
$ 4,100,000
$ 4,400,000
$ 4,120,000
$ Select from drop-
down:
NPV
$5,263.05
ACCEPT
IRR
5.01% ACCEPT
Capital budgeting is the financial process that is used by finance managers to evaluate potential long-term investments. During this process finance managers analyze and then
determine whether an investment will increase the company’s profitability and if it aligns with the organization’s long-term objectives. In other words, the main goal of capital budgeting is to allocate resources to investments that will provide the best returns and create value for the company. (Srivastav, 2022) After taking a closer look at the numbers associated with this project,
I noticed that cash flows start to increase on year 3 after the investment is implemented, meanwhile the operating costs decrease in year 3 and 4, but then they start to increase in year 5. To understand the true value of the investment we need to calculate the present value of expected
cash flows, considering the time value of money. When an investment’s NPV is a positive number, the investment is expected to generate more cash than it costs, making it financially attractive. In our case, the project generates $5,263 more than the initial $17 million. Is it worth investing $17 million, only to generate $5K in value at the end of 5 years? That depends on the nature of the project and the long-term benefits that it has for the company. In this case the finance manager needs to decide if there are other projects that they could invest $17 million in and get better value from. If the project in discussion is only generating a value of $5K in the first 5 years but will continue to lower operating costs beyond the 5-year mark, then it is worth
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pursuing. “The internal rate of return is the annual rate of growth that an investment is expected to generate. IRR is calculated using the same concept as net present value (NPV), except it sets the NPV equal to zero. The goal of IRR is to identify the rate of discount, which makes the present value of the sum of annual nominal cash inflows equal to the initial net cash outlay for the investment. IRR is ideal for analyzing capital budgeting projects to understand and compare potential rates of annual return over time.” (Fernando, 2017) The IRR for our project is almost the same as the WACC 5%. An IRR equal to the company's WACC means that the project is expected to generate a return precisely equal to the cost of capital. In other words, the project is neither creating nor destroying value, and the decision to pursue this investment depends on other non-financial factors and the company's strategic goals.
The difference between NPV and IRR is that NPV measures the dollar value added by an
investment, while IRR signifies the rate at which the investment breaks even (NPV equals zero). Both measures are useful during an investment evaluation, but I would choose NPV when evaluating a potential investment. NPV provides a clearer answer especially when comparing multiple projects. A positive NPV indicates that the project is increasing in value, but a positive IRR does not necessarily show that the investment is increasing in value. Also, NPV allows for the incorporation of different financing structures and interest rates, but IRR assumes that the project's cash flows are independent of how it is financed. Lastly, in real-world scenarios, the actual rate at which cash flows can be reinvested is sometimes unknown. NPV allows for more flexibility in adjusting the discount rate to account for this uncertainty, making it a more practical
choice in financial decision-making than IRR. (Team, 2023)
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References:
Ehrhardt, M. C., & Brigham, E. F. (2019). Corporate Finance: A Focused Approach (7th ed.). Cengage Learning US.
https://mbsdirect.vitalsource.com/books/9781337910231
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Srivastav, A. (2022). Capital budgeting importance | list of top 10 reasons ... - wallstreetmojo. https://www.wallstreetmojo.com/capital-budgeting-importance/
Fernando, J. (2017). Internal Rate of Return (IRR) rule: Definition and example. Investopedia. https://www.investopedia.com/terms/i/irr.asp
Team, C. (2023, May 16). NPV vs Irr. Corporate Finance Institute. https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/valuation/npv-vs-irr/
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ST-2
CAPITAL BUDGETING CRITERIA You must analyze two projects, X and Y. Each
project costs $10,000, and the firm's WACC is 12%. The expected net cash flows are
as follows:
2
3
Project X -$10,000
Project Y
-$10,000
$6,500
$3,500
$3,000
$3,500
$3,000
$3,500
$1,000
$3,500
a. Calculate each project's NPV, IRR, MIRR, payback, and discounted payback.
b. Which project(s) should be accepted if they are independent?
c. Which project(s) should be accepted if they are mutually exclusive?
d. How might a change in the WACC produce a conflict between the NPV and IRR
rankings of the two projects? Would there be a conflict if WACC were 5%? (Hint: Plot
the NPV profiles. The crossover rate is 6.21875%.)
e. Why does the conflict exist?
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QUESTIONS THREEYou are a financial Analyst for Bandari Limited. The director of capital budgeting has asked you to analyze two proposed capital investments , project a X and Y. Each project has a cost of $ 10,000 and the cost of capital for each each project is 12%. The projects expected net cash flow are as followsYEAR PROJECT X PRJECT Y0 (10,000) (10,000)1 6,500 3,5002 3,000 3,5003 3,000 3,5004 1,000 3,500For each Project, estimate;(a) Regular pay back period(b) NPV(c) MIRR(d) IRR(e) Cross over rate(f) NPV for each project using the Cross over rate estimated in part (e)(g) Assumed re-investment rate based on (i) IRR assumption(ii) NPV assumption
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Video
Excel Online Structured Activity: Capital budgeting criteria
A company has a 13% WACC and is considering two mutually exclusive investments (that cannot be repeated) with the following cash flows:
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
+
Project A
-$300 -$387
Project B -$405 $133
-$193 -$100
$133 $133
$600
$133
$600
$133
$850
-$180
$133
$0
The data has been collected in the Microsoft Excel Online file below. Open the spreadsheet and perform the required analysis to answer the questions below.
X
Open spreadsheet
a. What is each project's NPV? Round your answer to the nearest cent. Do not round your intermediate calculations.
Project A: $
162.48
Project B: $
b. What is each project's IRR? Round your answer to two decimal places.
Project A:
18.10
%
Project B:
%
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Assume you are the chief financial officer at Lehman Memorial Hospital. The CEO has asked you to analyze two proposed capital investment Project X and project Y each project requires a net investment outlay of $10,000 and the opportunity cost of capital for each project is 14% the project's expected net cash flows are as following Year Project x Project Y 0 (10,000) (10,000) 1 6,500 3,000 2 3,000 3,000 3 3,000 3,000 4 1,000 3,000 a. Calculate each project’s payback, NPV and IRR. b. Which project is financially acceptable? Explain your answer.
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Question list
✔Question 1
Data table
A
1
2 Projected cash outflow
3 Net initial investment
4 Projected cash inflows
5 Year 1
6 Year 2
7
Year 3
8 Year 4
9 Required rate of return
↑
Lulus Construction is analyzing its capital expenditure proposals for the purchase of equipment in the coming year. The capital budget is limited to $12,000,000 for the year. Lyssa
Bickerson, staff analyst at Lulus, is preparing an analysis of the three projects under consideration by Caden Lulus, the company's owner.
(Click the icon to view the data for the three projects.)
Present Value of $1 table
Read the requirements.
B
Project A
с
Project B
Present Value of Annuity of $1 table Future Value of $1 table Future Value of Annuity of $1 table
D
Project C
$ 6,000,000 $ 4,000,000 $8,000,000
8%
$ 2,050,000 $ 1,100,000 $4,700,000
2,050,000 2,300,000 4,700,000
2,050,000 700,000 50,000
2,050,000
25,000
8%
8%
Requirements
1. Because the company's cash is limited, Lulus thinks the payback method should be used to…
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Please show the solution on excel spreadsheet and please indicate the formulas used. Thank you.
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Accounting provide a. And. b
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which one is correct please confirm?
QUESTION 19
Whipple Industries Inc. is in the process of determining its optimal capital budget for next year. The following investment projects are under consideration:
Required
Expected Rate
Project
Investment
of Return
A
$2 million
20.0%
B
$3 million
15.0%
C
$1 million
13.5%
D
$4 million
13.0%
E
$1 million
12.5%
F
$3 million
12.0%
G
$5 million
11.5%
The firm's marginal cost of capital schedule is as follows:
Amount of
Funds Raised
Cost
$0 - $6 million
12.0%
$6 million - $12 million
12.5%
$12 million - $18 million
13.5%
Over $18 million
15.0%
Determine Whipple's optimal capital budget (in dollars) for the coming year.
a.
$5 million
b.
$10 million
c.
$14 million
d.
$11 million
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Question 4: Capital Budgeting
a). Consider the following two mutually exclusive projects:
YEAR
0
CASH FLOW (A)
-$300,000
1
20,000
2
70,000
3
80,000
4
400,000
CASH FLOW (B)
-$39,000
18,000
12,000
18,000
19,000
Whichever project you choose, if any, you require a 15 percent return on your investment.
(i) If you apply the payback period (PBP) criterion, which investment will you choose?
Why?
(ii) If you apply the net present value (NPV) criterion, which investment will you choose?
Why?
(iii)If you apply the profitability index (PI) criterion, which investment will you choose?
Why?
(iv) If you apply the internal rate of return (IRR) criterion, which investment will you choose?
Why?
(v) Based on your answers in (i) through (iv), which project will you finally choose? Why?
Examiner: Prof. Ebenezer Bugri Anarfo
Page 9
b). You are trying to determine whether to expand your business by building a new
manufacturing plant. The plant has an installation cost of $15 million, which will be…
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B
Assume the following information for a capital budgeting proposal with a five-year time horizon:
Initial investment:
Cost of equipment (zero salvage value)
Annual revenues and costs:
Sales revenues
Variable expenses
Depreciation expense
Fixed out-of-pocket costs
This proposal's simple rate of return is closest to:
Multiple Choice
O
27%.
16%.
19%
11%
$ 485,000
$ 300,000
$ 130,000
$ 50,000
$ 40,000
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Finance
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Q. 1
purchase of equipment in the coming year. The capital budget is limited to $5,000,000 for the
year. Lori Alleyne, staff analyst at McGloire's, is preparing an analysis of the three projects
under consideration by Joyanne McGloire, the company's owner.
McGloire Construction is analyzing its capital expenditure proposals for the
A
в
D
Project A
Project B
Project C
1
Projected cash outflow
Net initial investment
2
3
$3 000 000
$1 500 000
$4 000 000
4
5 Projected cash inflows
Year 1
$1 000 000
1 000 000
1 000 000
1 000 000
$ 400 000
$2 000 000
7
Year 2
900 000
2 000 000
8
Year 3
800 000
200 000
Year 4
100 000
10
11 Required rate of return
10%
10%
10%
1. Because the company's cash is limited, McGloire thinks the payback method
should be used to choose between the capital budgeting projects.
a. List two benefits and two limitations of using the payback method to choose
between projects?
b. Calculate the payback period for each of the three project
Ignore income taxes. Using the payback…
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