Effective Prewriting Techniques for Student Writing Success

__________ is a brainstorming technique that involves writing down anything that comes to mind about a topic as quickly as possible. Freewriting Which of the following is a major goal of prewriting? To organize the writer's ideas regarding content and research. Which of the following describes the relationship between an outline and a draft? An outline creates a useful roadmap for a draft by showing how the writer's main points relate to the thesis. Which of the following scenarios describes a writer in the proofreading stage? Maria reads through her essay to check for grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors. Which of the following scenarios describes a writer in the draft revision stage? Mason adds more evidence to the body paragraphs in his essay to better support his thesis. Which of the following scenarios describes a writer in the copyediting stage? Daisy balances the length and complexity of sentences in her essay. Anya is writing a one-page informative essay. Select the topic that would be most appropriate given the specifics of the assignment. Russell is writing an 8-10 page informative essay on the causes of the American Civil War. Select the topic that would be too narrow given the specifics of the assignment. This topic is too narrow for an essay of 8-10 pages because it limits the discussion about the causes of the Civil War to this single event.

David is drafting an essay about college hockey rivalries for a hockey-themed blog: Three years ago, the Boston University Terriers played the North Dakota Fighting Hawks in the NCAA tournament. The game went into overtime, and North Dakota appeared to score a goal for the win. However, after a lengthy review, the goal was called off because the referees determined that North Dakota was offsides. Boston University went on to win the game. To this day, North Dakota fans remain angry about this ending, arguing that the referees were wrong to call off the goal, even though it's obvious that it was the right call. This game has fueled an intense rivalry between the two schools. Rhetorical awareness can help David identify which of the following potential effects of his writing? Alienation of any North Dakota fans in his audience A meta-analysis will reveal to David that the audience for his blog may include fans of the North Dakota Fighting Hawks. His remark that the offsides call was rightly made could potentially alienate these fans. CorrectGO TO THE NEXT CONCEPT Marco is working on an essay about how the meaning of the term "fast food" is not the same as it used to be. He plans to argue that the term now includes food trucks and "fast casual" restaurants that offer higher-end food for takeout. Marco's thesis should aim to answer which of the following question types? Question of definition Monique is writing an introduction to her essay on potato farming in the United States: Potatoes have been an important part of the American diet for a long time. Each year, in fact, the United States produces hundreds of varieties of potatoes. Because so many people eat potatoes every day, implementing sustainable farming practices is needed to ensure that this essential food remains safe to eat. Given Monique's underlined thesis and the context that precedes it, select the best hook for the beginning of her paragraph to generate reader interest. "If you think about the meals you have eaten in the past week, it is likely that at least one of them contained potatoes."

Noah is writing an introduction to his essay on vending machines in schools: Childhood obesity now affects more than one in three Americans under the age of 14. Yet schools still provide unhealthy food choices in their hallway vending machines. Many parents likely do not realize that their children's lunch money is going toward soda and candy. Given Noah's underlined hook and the context that follows it, select the most logical thesis statement to conclude his opening paragraph. "Vending machine choices have to be reformed, and soon— or else children will continue to suffer from growing health problems." Alejandra is writing an introduction to her essay about the preservation of rainforest wildlife: Over the years, industrial activities like logging have been slowly destroying the homes of rainforest wildlife. Many rainforest species are at risk of dying out completely because they can't live in their natural habitats anymore. If deforestation can't be banned, then we need alternatives. We should create natural parks and sanctuaries to allow these animals to exist freely and safely. Given Alejandra's underlined thesis and the context that precedes it, select the best hook for the beginning of her paragraph to generate reader interest. "Imagine waking up one day to the sound of a logging machine cutting down the trees in your yard. This is a reality for the many animals who live in our rainforests." A member of the city council writes a letter: The police department, fire department, utility, and other city workers, as well as the mayor’s office, will share communications and operate from a central location. This will minimize confusion and allow officials to manage both preparedness and recovery operations most efficiently. Communications among the various departments and business factions will be direct and ongoing. What is the best topic sentence for the paragraph? The proposed plan will coordinate resources within the city in case of a natural disaster or emergency.

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Marcell is writing an essay for his literature class and has decided to use a summary approach for his conclusion. Select the reason why he has chosen the summary approach. His essay includes a multi-point argument. A conclusion that summarizes is effective for an essay that contains multiple points as a reminder to the reader of the essay's main ideas. Select the true statement about informative comparison/contrast essays. They should remain as unbiased as possible in their presentation of facts. Which of the following thesis statements would be most effective for a comparison/contrast essay written in the informative mode? Alfredo's and Gigi's are both popular pizza restaurants, but they differ in terms of price, decor, and ambiance. One similarity is that the North and the South both had servants; however, each colony relied on servants differently. The northern colonies didn't need servants as much, whereas slave labor was very important in the South. The northern economy was driven by small farms, industrialization, and trading materials like lumber. In contrast, the southern economy centered on cash crops, plantation farming, and trading cotton. This means that the southern economy was supported by heavy use of slave labor. Which phrase in this excerpt from the "Contrasting the Northern and Southern Colonies" essay highlights a comparison that the author is making? One similarity Kim is writing an informative essay presenting information on the evolution of the meaning of "adolescence." Which type of informative writing is this? Definition writing

Clarence is writing an informative essay explaining the different types of songbirds in China. Which type of informative writing is this? Classification writing Jimmy is writing an informative essay presenting information on the life cycle of the Pacific salmon. Which type of informative writing is this? Process writing Which action would be considered unethical when writing in the informative mode? Alec wrote an article about Russia without identifying himself as a former government worker in Moscow. Which action would be considered unethical when writing in the informative mode? Roland included data that supported his research, but omitted data that did not. Read the following excerpt from Dan Richard's "Digital Ethics": Of course, there needs to be some reinterpreting of the Aristotelian appeals for the modern communicator. No longer do we as humans construct arguments and share them sporadically in public symposia. Our understanding of rhetoric asserts that most of what we do and say are argumentative in some form, and the ubiquity of technology today means that what we do and say are more public than ever before. Which type of informative writing is being utilized in this passage? Definition writing

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