Critical Reading and Rhetorical Analysis- Fake News-ENC 1102
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Apr 3, 2024
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Uploaded by AmbassadorRhinocerosPerson1033
Kerilynn Coover
Professor Katherine Tartler
ENC 1102 Writing About Text
02/08/2024
Critical Reading and Rhetorical Analysis: Hello everyone, In today’s interconnected world, effective communication, and the ability to discern credible information are essential for navigating everyday life. Drawing insight from Dr. Pablo Boczkowski’s article “Fake New and the Future of Journalism” we will explore how each of the three prominent rhetorical approaches, Aristotelian, Rogerian, and the Toulmin schema, can be realistically applied in diverse contexts.
The Aristotelian approach, with its emphasis on logical reasoning (ethos and pathos) finds practical use in a multitude of various social scenarios The ease of practical implementation
and logical reason structuring the Aristotelian approach, make this approach the most effective in
rhetorical communication settings. Boczkowski’s analysis underscores the importance of credibility in distinguishing facts from misinformation, stating “In an environment rife with fake news, establishing credibility is paramount” (Boczkowski). When persuading friends to make healthier lifestyle, one can appeal to their emotions (pathos) by highlighting the benefits of improved well-being. Citing reputable sources enhances the persuasiveness of the argument by providing core context behind the benefits of improved well-being and solidifying the credibility of the argument. Boczkowski underscores importance of utilizing trusted sources in his notation “Trust in sources is often questioned, emphasizing the need for reliable sources and credible communication channels,” (Boczkowski)
Conversely, the Rogerian method’s focus on empathy and finding common ground is particularly useful in resolving conflicts and fostering understanding in everyday interactions, highlighted in Boczkowski’s discussion of the dangers of false information spreading vastly unchecked. For instance, in a family dispute over household chores, employing Rogerian principles actively listening to each party’s concerns and seeking common grounds of agreement.
By acknowledging differing perspectives and shaping the discussion with the shared goal of collaboration, individuals facilitate constructive dialogue ideal for mutually beneficial resolution.
Although appropriate in some instances, this approach can allude to the max influx spread of misinformation. Provoked by their emotional response, individuals can make hastily assumptions, often bias news forums with use this technique to release articles with obscene, unbased, or obscure titles to purposefully evoke an emotional response and discredit adversaries with the intent to misconstrue factual realities. Boczkowski’s insights into the spread of false information underscore the importance of empathy and understanding in addressing misinformation effectively. The Toulmin schema, with its structured framework for constructing arguments based on claims, evidence, and warrants, offers practical utility in analyzing the information and making informed decisions. Although the Toulmin schema can be considered inappropriate, tedious, or infeasible in varied daily social context, it provides a model crucial for evaluating the credibility of news articles or social media posts. Boczkowski’s exploration of misinformation emphasizes the fundamental need for critical thinking, saying “By critically evaluating sources and employing discerning judgement, individuals can navigate the complexities of modern discourse.” (Boczkowski) Structuring arguments according to the Toulmin model enhances
clarity and coherence, facilitating effective communication and knowledge publications, as notated in Boczkowski’s emphasis on sourcing credible information. Luckly, today’s technological advances offer consumers readily accessible and interactive resources for fact-checking. Websites such as Snopes.com and WikiLeaks.com have become an efficient tool for discerning sources in my own research and discerning which information is factual. Typically, I initiate my fact-finding approach by utilizing our campus library commons and resources. Starting my investigation through this vetted avenue provides confidence in knowing the integrity of my research will not be compromised by the plethora of misinformation flooding the innerwebs of search engines. I have found popular search engines riddled with bias misinformation shaped in a Rogerian method, often to exclaim an unfounded thesis with ineffective sources to support their bias perspective, frivolous and ineffective. Social media is another platform soiled with widely unvetted misinformation, particularly regarding pollical propaganda and conceptualized ideals serving religious agendas. Utilizing Snopes.com on social media platforms can validate or invalidate claims that use the Rogerian method to promote an emotional response. Factual discrimination of sources provides a practical means of rebutting a topic or stance with an Aristotelian approach, making it ideal for when I want to express my dispute a topic without provoking an emotional reaction from kinfolk, I can highlight
the logical stance over different cultural nuances that often divides us as a society.
In conclusion, the Aristotelian, Rogerian, and Toulmin approaches to rhetoric offer practical bases for effective communication and informative evaluation in everyday life, as illustrated by Dr. Pablo Boczkowski’s insight into the challenges posed by fake news. By incorporating these technological resources and approaches into daily communication,
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individuals can enhance their interpersonal relationships, contribute meaningfully to discussions, and cultivate a well-informed worldview grounded in reason, empathy, and critical thinking. Works Cited
Bizzell, Patricia, and Bruce Herzberg.
The Rhetorical Tradition: Readings from Classical Times to the Present
. Bedford/St. Martin’s, 1990
Rapp, Christoff. “Aristotle’s Rhetoric.”
The Stanford Encyclopedia of Rhetoric
. Ed. Edward N. Zalta, Feb. 1, 2010.
www.plato.stanford.edu/entries/aristotle-rhetoric/
Rottenberg, Annette T., and Donna Haisty Winchell.
The Structure of Argument
. 8th ed. Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2015.
Boczkowski, Pablo J. “Fake News and the Future of Journalism.”
NiemanLab
, Northwestern Scholars, 19 Dec. 2016,
scholars.northwestern.edu
P.S. I would like to apologize for my delayed responses to our class discussions, I had a family matter that derailed my schedule. I hope to be back on track by the end of this weekend and appreciate the patience.