Loanwords History
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Loanwords History, Features & Examples
Instructor: Daniela English
Dani is a PhD student, and has taught college English & tutored in multiple subjects for over three years.
They have an MA in English Composition & Pedagogy and a BA in Women's Studies, Religious Studies, &
Sociology, both from the University of Massachusetts Boston. They also have received awards for their
academic research and teaching. Habla español & Gaeilge acu.
Cite this lesson
Learn what a loanword is. Explore the history of loaning words and study the features of loanwords.
Review examples of loanwords and foreign words used in English. Updated: 04/09/2023
What is a Loanword?
Linguists have found there are about six ways that new words enter into languages. One of these is
through borrowing, or taking a word from another language. The words that are adopted into a language
they were not previously part of are called loanwords.
History of Loaning Words
Loanwords have always been a part of language; it is impossible to provide a timeline for the start of this
phenomenon. Languages borrow the words of other languages for a number of reasons, reflected in the
types of words borrowed.
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Features of Loanwords
Initially, most loanwords do not fit their new language, whether it is phonologically, morphologically, or
semantically. Loanword adaptation is the process through which the loanword undergoes changes in
pronunciation, spelling, or in how it is used grammatically as it is worked into the borrowing language.
Specifically regarding spelling and phonology, adaptation may also be called "nativization." An example
of spelling nativization includes the French word naïve. It has been borrowed by English and, as English
does not use accented letters, is often spelled "naive."
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Examples of Loanwords
Lesson Summary
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a loanword vs. a foreign word?
A loanword is a word brought into a language and then adapted to suit the spelling, pronunciation, and
grammar of the borrowing language, such as the word "hammock" in English, which comes from the
Spanish word "hamaca". A foreign word is adopted into a language without change. For example, the
phrase "status quo" is a foreign word used in English.
What are some English loanwords?
English has had an influence on languages around the world. Many languages have borrowed the English
words "candy" and "bank," for example. These have become, for instance, "kyandē" in Japanese, and
"bánkìi" in Hausa.
What is an example of a Spanish loanword?
A Spanish loanword that has entered the English language is the word "hammock," from "hamaca."
English words have also entered Spanish. For example, the Spanish word "encriptar" comes from "to
encrypt."
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