Language Isolate Definition
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Language Isolate Definition, Theories & Examples
Instructor: Daniela English
Dani is a PhD student, and has taught college English & tutored in multiple subjects for over three years. They have an MA in English Composition & Pedagogy and a BA in Women's Studies, Religious Studies, & Sociology, both from the University of Massachusetts Boston. They also have received awards for their academic research and teaching. Habla español & Gaeilge acu.
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Learn about language isolates. Discover the characteristics of a language isolate and explore how linguists are trying to preserve endangered language isolates. Updated: 03/27/2023
What is a Language Isolate?
Linguistics is the study of languages. In linguistics, languages are grouped into trees that help illustrate the "family" relationship between languages. For example, English is in the Indo-European family. Within that large group, it is further categorized: it is Germanic, specifically West Germanic, and in the subgroup
known as Anglo-Frisian. However, some languages — called language isolates — have no parent languages and, thus, no known genealogy. This is different from an unclassified language, which is likely related to other languages, but there is insufficient data/research to establish its connections.
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Lesson Quiz Course
Language Isolate Theories
There are a few theories about how language isolates exist. The first theory posits that languages that are today known as language isolates were connected to languages that are now extinct and leave no written record. This is very likely in most cases of languages that exist without a known family, and it is quite plausible in general that a language would go extinct without leaving much (if anything) in terms of
records.
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Preservation of Isolated Languages
Language Isolate Examples
Lesson Summary
Frequently Asked Questions
What is an example of an isolate language?
Basque is a commonly cited example of a language isolate. While some have thought in the past that it belonged to an Iberian language family, this has since been rejected.
What is a language isolate in linguistics?
In linguistics, languages are grouped by family of relation (languages with common ancestors, etc.). A language isolate has no known relations.
What is the most commonly spoken language isolate?
The most commonly spoken language isolate that is widely agreed to be an isolate is Basque, with about a million speakers. However, both Korean and Japanese are seen by some scholars as isolates, and they have 75+ million and 120+ million speakers, respectively.
How many isolate languages are there?
It is impossible to say how many languages (isolate or otherwise) there are. Estimates of language isolates range from just over 100 to 200+.
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